Femoral-triangle-and-canal.pdf, Study notes of Anatomy

Download Femoral-triangle-and-canal.pdf and more Study notes Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity! The front of the thigh Dr.Amjad shatarat Femoral triangle (Scarpa’s triangle) D r.A m jad sh atarat Is a triangular depressed area located in the upper part of the medial aspect of the thigh immediately below the inguinal ligament. Arteries and Nerves of Thigh Superficial Anterior View Anterior superior iliac spine Inguinal ligament iopsoas muscle Tensor fasciae latae muscle Vastus lateralis muscle Rectus femoris muscle Dr.Amjad sh Superficial circumflex iliac vessels Superficial epigastric vessels Superficial external pudendal vessel Deep external pudendal vessel Pectineus muscle Deep artery of thigh Gracilis muscle Adductor longus muscle Sartorius muscle Vastus medialis muscle Fascia lata (cut) Dr.Amjad shatarat The f emora l shea t h Is a funnel-shaped sleeve of fascia surrounded the femoral artery , vein and the associated lymphatic vessels in the femoral triangle for 2.5 cm below the inguinal ligament. The femoral sheath is formed by a downwards extension of the abdominal fascia Anterior wall: fascia transversalis Posterior wall: fascia iliaca Two Anterio-posterior septa divide the sheath into 3 compartments: 2-Intermediate compartment (venous) D r.A m jad sh atarat 3-Medial compartment (lymphatic) occupied by the lymph vessels ? 1-Lateral compartment (arterial) occupied by the femoral vein occupied by the femoral artery and femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve (also Called f e m o r a l c a n a l Dr.Amjad shatarat Anteriorly:the inguinal ligament Medially: the sharp free edge of the pectineal part of the inguinal ligament,termed the lacunar ligament (Gimbernat’s ligament) laterally—the femoral vein Posteriorly — the pectineal ligament (of Astley Cooper), which is the thickened periosteum along the pectineal border of the superior pubic ramus and which continues medially with the pectineal part of the inguinal ligament. The boundaries of the femoral canal (ring) are: Inguinal Region Dissection - Posterior (Internal) View Rectus sheath (posterior layer) Arcuate line esr cci es Deep inguinal ring Inferior epigastric vessels Transversalis fascia (out away) Rectus abdominis muscle. [i a Tx “ ee “Sa Anterior superior iliac spine \ Niopubic tract 6 fF Fag Testicular vessels and genital branch of genitofemoral nerve Linea alba —— nguinal (HesselbachOs) triangle i Inguinal falx (conjoint tendon) lio psoas fascia (covering sien femoral nerve) yi lliopsoas muscle External iliac vessels Femoral ring (dilated) (cirele) Obturator-pubic arterial anastomosis Ductus (vas) deferens Pectineal ligament (Coopen Pubic symphysis Obturator artery 4 ies Superior pubic ramus AN Lacunar ligament (Gimbernat) Dr.Amjad shatarat  The part of the femoral sheath that forms the femoral canal is not adherent to the walls of the small lymph vessels; it is this site that forms a potentially weak area in the abdomen. The lower end of the canal is normally closed by the adherence of its medial wall to the tunica adventitia of the femoral vein. A protrusion of peritoneum (see below) could be forced down the femoral canal, pushing the femoral septum. Such a condition is known as a femoral hernia. Peritoneum: Is simple squamous epithelium which covers the walls and the contents of the abdomen Read only D r.A m ja d sh a ta ra t Adductor canal (Subsartorial) or Hunter’s canal John Hunter described the exposure and ligation of the femoral artery in this canal for aneurysm of the popliteal artery; this method has the advantage that the artery at this site is healthy and will not tear when tied, as may happen if ligation is attempted immediately above the aneurysm. 2/18/2020 Transverse section through the middle of the right thigh as seen from above anterior D r.A m ja d sh a ta ra t is an intermuscular cleft situated on the medial aspect of the middle third of the thigh beneath the sartorius muscle It commences above at the apex of the femoral triangle and ends below at the opening in the adductor magnus. In cross section it is triangular, having Adductor (Subsartorial) Canal 2/18/2020 D r.A m ja d sh a ta ra t The adductor canal contains 2-The femoral vein 3-The saphenous nerve 4-The terminal part of the obturator nerve 5-The deep lymph vessels 2/18/2020