Final #3 | PSYC 101 - INTRO TO GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY, Quizzes of Psychology

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TERM 1 2 Main Types of Treatment DEFINITION 1 Psychotherapy Biomedical Therapies TERM 2 Psychoanalysis DEFINITION 2 Goal: Discover unresolved unconscious conflicts Talk about problems, find their source, resolve them Probe unconscious with free-association and dream analysis Used in cases of anxiety, interpersonal conflict, depression TERM 3 Humanistic Therapy DEFINITION 3 Client centered (not "patient") Emphasizes a person's subjective experience Personal distress is seen as inconsistent view of self with reality (incongruence) Goal: restructure self-concept to better correspond to reality, achieve personal growth and self-actualization TERM 4 Climate of Humanistic Therapy DEFINITION 4 Promote self awareness and personal growth Genuine Unconditional positive regard Empathy Therapist provides clarification, not interpretation Used in cases of marital counseling, parenting, depression TERM 5 Behavior Therapy DEFINITION 5 Goal: unlearn maladaptive behaviors and learn adaptive behaviors Systematic desensitization TERM 6 Systematic Desensitization DEFINITION 6 Used to reduce phobias, assumes classical conditioning of phobic responses Systematic Desensitization Aversion Therapy Operant Conditioning TERM 7 Steps of Systematic Desensitization DEFINITION 7 Client creates a hierarchy of anxiety Client is trained in relaxation techniques Work through hierarchy using deep relaxation Maybe follow up with direct exposure TERM 8 Aversion Therapy DEFINITION 8 Uses classical conditioning to create an undesirable response to a stimulus that has elicited problematic behaviorEx. Give alcoholic poisoned alcohol so they get sick and associate getting will with drinking so they feel less inclined to do so anymore TERM 9 Operant Conditioning DEFINITION 9 Uses shaping to bring about more adaptive behavior Extinguish maladaptive with punishments, reinforce adaptive with rewards Used in autism, children, schizophrenia, habit & weight loss TERM 10 Cognitive/Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies DEFINITION 10 Uses strategies to correct habitual thinking Combination of verbal interventions and behavior modification Clients learn to detect and replace negative thoughts Used for depression, anxiety, eating disorders, PTSD, schizophrenia TERM 21 According to Freud, what causes anxiety? DEFINITION 21 Conflict between the id, ego, and superego TERM 22 How do people cope with this conflict? DEFINITION 22 With defense mechanisms which are largely unconscious distortions of thoughts and perceptions that can act to reduce anxiety TERM 23 Name some defense mechanisms: DEFINITION 23 Repression Displacement Sublimation Rationalization Projection Reaction Formation Undoing Regression TERM 24 Repression DEFINITION 24 Keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in your unconscious TERM 25 Displacement DEFINITION 25 Diverting emotional feelings from their original source TERM 26 Sublimation DEFINITION 26 A form of displacement in which sexual urges are re- channeled into productive, nonsexual activities TERM 27 Rationalization DEFINITION 27 Justifying one's actions or feelings with socially acceptable explanations rather than consciously acknowledging one's true motives or desires TERM 28 Projection DEFINITION 28 The attribution of one's own unacceptable urges to qualities of others TERM 29 Reaction Formation DEFINITION 29 Behaving in a way that is exact opposite to one's true feelings TERM 30 Undoing DEFINITION 30 A form of unconscious repentance that involves neutralizing or atoning for an unacceptable action or thought with a second action or thought TERM 31 Regression DEFINITION 31 Reversion to immature patterns of behavior TERM 32 Personality DEFINITION 32 An individual's unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving TERM 33 4 Perspectives of Personality DEFINITION 33 PsychodynamicBehavioral & Social CognitiveHumanisticBiological TERM 34 Psychoanalytic Perspective DEFINITION 34 Sigmund Freud Explains personality in terms of early childhood experiences, unconscious motives & conflicts, and how people deal with these motives and conflicts TERM 35 Psychoanalysis DEFINITION 35 A theory that stresses the influence of unconscious mental processes, the importance of sexual & aggressive instincts, and the enduring effects of childhood experiences on personality TERM 46 Social Cognitive Perspective DEFINITION 46 Albert Bandura's theory of personality, which emphasizes importance of observational learning, conscious cognitive processes, social experiences, and self-efficacy beliefs TERM 47 Behavioral Perspective DEFINITION 47 Focuses on how external stimuli guides behavior rather than internal conflict TERM 48 Response Tendencies DEFINITION 48 People show consistent patterns of responses TERM 49 Stress DEFINITION 49 A negative emotional state occurring in response to events that are perceived as taxing or exceeding a person's resources or ability to cope TERM 50 General Adaptation Syndrome DEFINITION 50 Hans Selye's 3 stage progression of physical changes that occur when an organism is exposed to intense and prolonged stress TERM 51 General Adaptation Syndrome Stages DEFINITION 51 Alarm: Physical arousal Resistance: Arousal lessens as body adapts Exhaustion: Body can no longer produce cortisol TERM 52 How do behaviorists explain personality? DEFINITION 52 Patterns of response tendencies, consequences can change behavior TERM 53 Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory says: DEFINITION 53 Observational learning shapes personality TERM 54 Who came up with the self-concept? DEFINITION 54 Carl Rogers (Humanist) TERM 55 Avoidance-avoidance DEFINITION 55 Anxiety induced when a decision is to be made between two undesirable choices TERM 56 Approach-approach DEFINITION 56 Anxiety induced when a decision is to be made between two desirable outcomes TERM 57 Avoidance-approach DEFINITION 57 Anxiety is induced when you have to make a decision on something that has both desirable and undesirable consequences TERM 58 3 Explanations for Mental Illness DEFINITION 58 BiologicalPsychologicalSupernatural TERM 59 Difference between bipolar and unipolar DEFINITION 59 Unipolar is the experience one just one extreme emotion, typically depression. Bipolar is the experience of two extreme emotions, depression and euphoria TERM 60 DSM-5 DEFINITION 60 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is the 2013 update to the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification and diagnostic tool.