Anatomy and Physiology of Reproductive Systems: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Animal Biology

Download Anatomy and Physiology of Reproductive Systems: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Animal Biology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Organ of Copulation DEFINITION 1 Vagina and Penis TERM 2 Primary Sex Organ DEFINITION 2 Ovaries and Testes TERM 3 Birth Canal DEFINITION 3 Vagina TERM 4 Vaginal Fornix DEFINITION 4 "blind pouch", can cause problems during AI TERM 5 Which portion of the female tract is inelastic? DEFINITION 5 Cervix TERM 6 Os cervix vs. Os uteri DEFINITION 6 Os cervix: closest to vaginaOs uteri: closest to uterine body TERM 7 Cervical Folds: Annular Rings DEFINITION 7 bovine, caprine, ovine TERM 8 Cervical Folds: Corkscrew Shape DEFINITION 8 Porcine TERM 9 Cervical Folds: Mucosal Folds DEFINITION 9 Equine TERM 10 Uteri Types: Duplex DEFINITION 10 mouse, rabbittwo cervices, no uterine body, uterine horns completely separate TERM 21 Oviduct DEFINITION 21 lined by ciliated epithelium TERM 22 Oviductual fluid DEFINITION 22 increases at estrus, smooth muscle contractions TERM 23 Male Accessory Glands DEFINITION 23 Function: contribute to fluid volume and content of semen, secrete seminal plasmaLocation: located along pelvic urethraVesicular glands, Prostate gland, Bulbourethral gland TERM 24 Vesicular Glands DEFINITION 24 also called seminal vesicles; paired lobular glands that contribute about half of fluid volume to semen, secrete energy for sperm, secrete buffers against shifts in pH, in horses secretes gelatinousmaterialin seminal plasma TERM 25 Prostate gland DEFINITION 25 stimulates ejaculation, secretes fluid and inorganic ions into semen, in stallion secretion cleanses urethra TERM 26 Bulbourethral gland DEFINITION 26 also called Cowper's gland, paired located along pelvic urethra, source of gel-like material in boar semen, flushes urine residue from penile urethra TERM 27 Sigmoid flexure DEFINITION 27 S shaped bend in pens, absent in stallions TERM 28 Prepuce DEFINITION 28 also called sheath, encloses free end of penis, homologous to labia minora in female and is surrounded by long tough preputial hairs TERM 29 Corpus Luteum DEFINITION 29 produces progesterone-blocks estrus behavior, causes thickening of cervical mucous, inhibits uterine contractions, maintains pregnancy TERM 30 How is testes temperature maintained? DEFINITION 30 2-5 degrees Celsius lower than body temperature;maintained by pampiniform plexus: heat exchange through circulatory system TERM 31 Pampiniform plexus DEFINITION 31 allows heat exchange through circulatory system for testes: arteriestranscendingspermatic cord are convoluted and pass through a pampiniform plexus of testicular veins to provide for heat exchange Arterial blood entering testes is cooled by venous blood leaving testis TERM 32 Cryptorchidism DEFINITION 32 one or both testes don't drop TERM 33 Germ cells DEFINITION 33 Spermatogonia, primary and secondary spermocytes, spermatids, spermatazoa TERM 34 Sertoli cells DEFINITION 34 'nurse' cell of the testes that is part of a seminiferous tubule. TERM 35 Leydig cells DEFINITION 35 interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle. TERM 46 Zygote DEFINITION 46 from syngamy til first division is completed TERM 47 Embryo DEFINITION 47 from 2-cell stage until differentiation is completed TERM 48 Fetus DEFINITION 48 from completion of differentiation to parturition TERM 49 Conceptus DEFINITION 49 whole product of conception at any stage of development including placenta TERM 50 Morula DEFINITION 50 16 to 32 cell stage TERM 51 Blastomeres DEFINITION 51 type of cell produced by division of the egg after fertilization. TERM 52 Blastocele DEFINITION 52 fluid filled central region of a blastocyst TERM 53 Blastocyst DEFINITION 53 after formation of morula, contains two layers of cells TERM 54 Trophoblast DEFINITION 54 cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst, which provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into a large part of the placenta. TERM 55 Organogenesis DEFINITION 55 the process by which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism. TERM 56 Dystocia DEFINITION 56 abnormal or difficult childbirth TERM 57 Ovum DEFINITION 57 haploid female reproductive cell or gamete TERM 58 Gonads DEFINITION 58 organ that makes gametes TERM 59 Fertilization DEFINITION 59 fusion of two cells to form one single cell zygote TERM 60 Sex DEFINITION 60 process of mixing genetic traits