Final Exam: Chpt. 9 | GEOG 1101 - Human Geography: People, Places, and Cultures, Quizzes of Geography

Download Final Exam: Chpt. 9 | GEOG 1101 - Human Geography: People, Places, and Cultures and more Quizzes Geography in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 What % of humanity now lives in an urban area? DEFINITION 1 50% TERM 2 How did the Chicago School of Sociology study cities? DEFINITION 2 They tried to answer the Q: Can we model they ways American cities develop? To find the A: They used the Ecological Model (studied the way plants and animals compete with each other) Looked at how competition over space,along with the tendency toward social and ethnic discrimination, congregation, and segregation forms distinctive neighborhoods that have their own social ecology *Influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution (adapt and change to environment) TERM 3 10 things that affected the development of US cities over the past 50 years? DEFINITION 3 1956 Interstate highway Act Federal Housing Administration De-industrialization Urban Renewal Leviitown: first planned suburbs in US Race: places that have or don't have value REDLINING Shopping Malls Sunbelt Style Sprawl Air Conditioning Urban Riots TERM 4 5 things the will affect the development of US cities in the next 50 years? DEFINITION 4 Growing disparity in wealth: inequality between cities and within cities Suburban political majority: more than 50% of all voters today live in suburbs and are generally conservative. (suburban poverty may change that stat) Aging Baby Boomers Cycle of Poverty Issue: set of factors or events by which poverty once started, is likely to continue unless outside intervention Smart Growth TERM 5 What is Smart Growth? (6 characteristics) DEFINITION 5 EX: Portland, Oregon planned growth to limit sprawl style development Urban growth boundary: growth focused within Growth built around EXISTING transportation lines Redevelopment of downtown In-field Development: build on abandoned land New Urbanism: pedestrian friendly development Regional Government TERM 6 What is different about urbanization in the developing world? DEFINITION 6 We see a rise in slums and slum housing and dominated by the informal economy, chronic poverty. ****Slum housing: housing that is not built to live in; desperate housing that is put together quickly. TERM 7 What happens when population growth outpaces economic growth in cities? DEFINITION 7 This has occurred in cities in the periphery Over-urbanization results in: high long-term unemployment and underemployment; low and unreliable wages in the informal economy; slum housing; and chronic poverty TERM 8 What are some push-pull factors associated with urbanization in the periphery? DEFINITION 8 Push factors: neocolonial policies of the IMF and World Bank, environmental problems, wars. Pull Factors: Jobs (Mike B. Davis argues that over-urbanization is really driven by the reproduction of poverty, not growing supply of jobs in cities) TERM 9 What are slums? What is the informal economy? DEFINITION 9 Slum Housing: housing that is not built to live in; desperate housing that is put together quickly. Informal Economy: this involves a wide variety of economic activities whose common feature is that they take place beyond official record and are not subject to formalized systems of regulation. (black market, untaxed labor; kinda like working in a bar downtown TERM 10 What are some of the problems related to poverty in Athens-Clarke Country? DEFINITION 10 Residents have low incomes low unemployment rate, but people are not making a lot of money. Lack of Medium and High Paying Jobs High School Dropout & Graduation Rates High Rate of Teen Pregnancies Undersized Middle Class Uniform Crime Reports crime factors Affordable Housing