Philosophical Debates on War, Ethics, and Morality, Quizzes of Introduction to Philosophy

Download Philosophical Debates on War, Ethics, and Morality and more Quizzes Introduction to Philosophy in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 What is nihilism in respect to war? a. The belief that war is immoral. b. The belief that war can be morally justified c. The belief that wars accomplish nothing d. none of the above DEFINITION 1 d. none of the above TERM 2 Some try to justify war by claiming that the war is being fought for a just cause. Which of the following is a backward-looking cause, just or not? a. make the world a peaceful place b. to stimulate the economy c. none of the above DEFINITION 2 d. none of the above TERM 3 Which is a correct statement of Kant's Categorical Imperative? a. act only in accord to that maxim by which you could at the same time want to be a universal law b. treat humanity whether in thine own person or that of another always as an end not as a means c. none DEFINITION 3 b. treat humanity whether in thine own person or that of another always as an end not as a means TERM 4 "Capital punishment does not deter crime" is a. descriptive b. normative DEFINITION 4 a. descriptive TERM 5 "All human motivation is self-interested" is a. descriptive b. normative DEFINITION 5 a. descriptive TERM 6 "Different cultures have different moral standards" is a. descriptive b. normative DEFINITION 6 a. descriptive TERM 7 "Pleasure is the only thing intrinsically valuable" is a. descriptive b. normative DEFINITION 7 b. normative TERM 8 According to hedonism, physical pleasures are the only thing intrinsically valuable. a true b. false DEFINITION 8 b. false TERM 9 In class we concluded that a. no acceptable argument had been presented in favor of the normative version of relativism b. many strong arguments can be given against the normative version of relativism c. all of the above DEFINITION 9 c. all of the above TERM 10 Psychological egoism is normative. a true b. false DEFINITION 10 b. false TERM 21 Which of the following is true regarding the war-as-a-game model? a. if war is conceived of as a game, then it is not possible to assess wars in moral terms b. if war is conceived of as a game then overall utility is maximized c. if war is conceived of as a game then wars should be fun d. none e. all DEFINITION 21 a. if war is conceived of as a game then it is not possible to assess wars in moral terms TERM 22 Wasserstrom believes that nations have a right to self-defense, just as individuals do. a. true b. false DEFINITION 22 b. false TERM 23 On the absolutist position there is no justification for the intentional death of the innocent, even in times of war. a. true b. false DEFINITION 23 a. true TERM 24 On the absolutist position, there is no justification for the intentional death of the innocent, even in times of war. a. true b. false DEFINITION 24 a. true TERM 25 According to Cheney Ryan, the pacifist's intent is to acknowledge others' status as fellow-creatures. a. true b. false DEFINITION 25 a. true TERM 26 According to Rachels, a. Both active and passive euthanasia are morally wrong Both active and passive euthanasia are morally permissible c. there is no morally relevant difference between active and passive DEFINITION 26 c. there is no morally relevant difference between active and passive TERM 27 Rachels believes there is an important difference between killing and letting die a. true b. false DEFINITION 27 a. true TERM 28 According to the AMA, euthanasia necessarily includes the intentional termination of life a. true b. false DEFINITION 28 a. true TERM 29 If a patient makes an autonomus choice not to continue treatment and a doctor complies with the patient's choice, even though the doctor knows the patient will die the AMA policy calls that passive euthanasia. a. true b. false DEFINITION 29 a. true TERM 30 According to Mill's position, censoring books in an elementary school library is an unjust interference with personal liberty. a. true b. false DEFINITION 30 b. false TERM 31 Mill's defense of the liberty of thought and discussion is grounded on the natural rights of humans. a. true b. false DEFINITION 31 b. false TERM 32 Mill believes that offensive views should be suppressed because of the pain they cause. a. true b. false DEFINITION 32 b. false TERM 33 Mill believes that once a view has been shown to be empirically false it may be suppressed. a. true b. false DEFINITION 33 b. false TERM 34 According to Mill, if a view is known to false and it is offensive then there is no good promoted by allowing it. a.. true b. false DEFINITION 34 b. false TERM 35 Longino argues that masturbation is wrong even though no one is harmed. a. true b. false DEFINITION 35 b. false TERM 46 If the claim that all humans are equal is descriptive it is false. a. true b. false DEFINITION 46 a. true TERM 47 Some moral principles are better than others. a. true b. false DEFINITION 47 a. true TERM 48 The right to life is always weightier than the right to privacy (self-determination). a. true b. false DEFINITION 48 b. false TERM 49 Normative relativism is not an acceptable theory. a. true b. false DEFINITION 49 a. true TERM 50 The knowing killing of innocent persons is very bad. a. true b. false DEFINITION 50 a. true TERM 51 If an opinion is not fully, frequently, and fearlessly discussed, it will be held as a dead dogma not as a living truth. a. true b. false DEFINITION 51 a. true TERM 52 According to Warren, there is no sense in which a fetus is human. a. true b. false DEFINITION 52 b. false TERM 53 If the right to life is the right to the bare minimum needed to stay alive then the right to life is a a. negative right b. positive right DEFINITION 53 b. positive right TERM 54 Thomson takes the right to life to be a a. negative right b. positive right DEFINITION 54 a. negative right TERM 55 If the only thing that could save you was Henry Fonda's cool touch, he is obliged to fly in from California to save your life if the right to life is negative. a. true b. false DEFINITION 55 a. true TERM 56 According to Warren one must possess all five characteristics (reasoning, etc) in order to be a person. a. true b. false DEFINITION 56 b. false TERM 57 Marquis's pro-life position denies that the fetus is a person from conception. a. true b. false DEFINITION 57 b. false TERM 58 According to Locke the state of nature is poor, solitary, nasty, brutish, and short. a. true b. false DEFINITION 58 b. false TERM 59 People are egoistically motivated in a state of nature according to Hobbes. a. true b. false DEFINITION 59 b. false TERM 60 People are egoistically motivated in a state of nature according to Hobbes. a. true b. false DEFINITION 60 a. true TERM 71 According to Singer, the claim, "all humans are equal" is a. descriptive b. normative DEFINITION 71 b. normative TERM 72 If the claim that "all humans are equal" is descriptive, it is false a. true b. false DEFINITION 72 a. true TERM 73 There is no factual sense according to Singer, in which all humans are equal. a. true b. false DEFINITION 73 a. true TERM 74 Speciesism is any prejudice or bias in favor of one's own species and against other species. a. true b. false DEFINITION 74 b. false TERM 75 Singer believes that human lives are in general more valuable than the lives of non- human animals. a. true b. false DEFINITION 75 a. true TERM 76 Singer asserts that is a being can suffer there can be no moral justification for refusing to take that suffering into consideration. a. true b. false DEFINITION 76 a. true TERM 77 Steinbock argues for her position by focusing on: a. immortal human soul b. the higher human capacities c. the capacity to feel pain d. all of the above DEFINITION 77 b. the higher human capacities TERM 78 Which of the following might plausibly be thought of as a non-human person? a. God b. newborn babies c. human in persistent vegetative state DEFINITION 78 a. God TERM 79 According to Kant, it is always wrong to treat a person as a means. a. true b. false DEFINITION 79 b. false TERM 80 Lying is wrong, for Kant, because if everyone lied the consequences would be bad. a. true b. false DEFINITION 80 Definition TERM 81 Marquis assumes that a fetus is a person is true in his pro-life argument a. true b. false DEFINITION 81 b. false TERM 82 Marquis assumes that a fetus is a person is false in his pro-life argument. a. true b. false DEFINITION 82 b. false TERM 83 Both Hobbes and Locke a state of nature is a state that is poor, solitary, nasty, brutish and short. a. true b. false DEFINITION 83 b. false TERM 84 People are altruistically motivated in a state of nature according to Hobbes. a. true b. false DEFINITION 84 b. false TERM 85 According to Hobbes, the state of nature has a law of nature to govern it. a. true b. false DEFINITION 85 b. false TERM 96 According to Kant the sole condition on which we are free to make use of our sexual desires depends upon one's having the right over the whole person. a. true b. false DEFINITION 96 b. false TERM 97 According to Kant, the sole condition on which we are free to make use of our sexual desires depends upon one's having the right over the whole person. a. true b. false DEFINITION 97 a. true TERM 98 Rachels believes there is an important difference between killing and letting die. a. true b. false DEFINITION 98 b. false TERM 99 According to the AMA euthanasia necessarily include the intentional termination of life. a. true b. false DEFINITION 99 a. true TERM 100 Steinbock believes that it morally justified to experiment on humans if they don,t have higher capacities. a. true b. false DEFINITION 100 b. false TERM 101 Thomson believes that if the fetus is a person from the moment of conception then abortion is wrong. a. true b. false DEFINITION 101 b. false TERM 102 If the traditional pro-life argument fails, we can rightly conclude that abortion is permissible. a. true b. false DEFINITION 102 b. false TERM 103 According to Lent, the MacKinnon/Dworkin definition of pornography is: a. descriptive b. normative DEFINITION 103 b. normative TERM 104 Some try to justify war by claiming that the war is being fought for a just cause. Which of the following is forward-looking cause whether just or not? a. to punish a nation for having broken a treaty b. to take action against a nation for a past aggression c. to make the world a safer place DEFINITION 104 c. to make the world a safer place