Definitions, Prevalence & Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions, Paraphilias & Childhood Disord, Quizzes of Abnormal Psychology

Download Definitions, Prevalence & Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions, Paraphilias & Childhood Disord and more Quizzes Abnormal Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Paraphilias DEFINITION 1 -Group of persistent sexual behavior patterns in which unusual objects, rituals, or situations are required to fulfill sexual satisfaction-Can be diagnosed even if person doesn't experience distress or impairment (rare among mental disorders)-Must be demonstrated for at least 6 months-If not acted upon, person must be highly distressed by fantasies and urges to act TERM 2 Incest DEFINITION 2 -Culturally prohibited sexual relations between family members-Virtually universal taboo across all human societies-Incidence is difficult to determine because it often goes unreported TERM 3 Dysparenuia DEFINITION 3 -Genital pain that is associated with sexual intercourse; ranges from mild to severe pain-Estimated lifetime prevalence rate of 17-19% TERM 4 Sexual Aversion Disorder DEFINITION 4 -Aversion to and active avoidance of sexual genital contact- Reactions to sexual activity can range from moderate anxiety to full blown panic attacks TERM 5 Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder DEFINITION 5 -Deficiency or absence of sexual fantasies and desire for sexual activity-Individual usually doesn't initiate sexual activity and partakes in it reluctantly-Most common sexual dysfunction in females TERM 6 Biological causes of sexual dysfunctions DEFINITION 6 -Erectile and orgasmic disorders can be result of medical conditions (poor circulation, diabetes, etc.)-Hormonal levels: testosterone/estrogen imbalances-Vascular problems: arterial inflow disruption; blood leaking out slowly through veins-Diabetes: affects central and peripheral nervous systems and thought vascular problems; stress from the disease may also affect sexual functioning TERM 7 4 stages of sexual response cycle DEFINITION 7 -Appetitive: desire for sexual activity-Arousal: physiological arousal-Orgasm: involuntary muscular contractions and release of sexual tension-Resolution: relaxation of body after orgasm; physiologically return to normal TERM 8 Prevalence and types of paraphilias DEFINITION 8 -Primarily and almost exclusively male-Some behaviors/fantasies may begin in childhood/earlyadolescence; more pronounced in adulthood- Course is often chronic and lifelong-Most people with disorder don't seek treatment TERM 9 Transvestic fetishism DEFINITION 9 -Intense sexual arousal by cross-dressing -Must not occur during course gender identity disorder -Majority are heterosexuals-Autogynephilia: characterized by a man's sexual arousal at thought of being a woman TERM 10 Gender Identity Disorder DEFINITION 10 -Characterized by 2 components -Cross gender identification -Gender dysphoria: persistent discomfort about one's biological sex or sense that gender role of that sex is inappropriate-More common in males-Assume identity of desired sex, but goal is not sexual TERM 21 Asperger's Syndrome DEFINITION 21 -Often referred to as autistic spectrum-Similar to autism, but appears later and lacks severe delay in language developmental social interactions TERM 22 Mental Retardation DEFINITION 22 -Significantly sub average general intellectual functioning that is accompanied by significant limitations in adaptive functioning TERM 23 Treating childhood disorders DEFINITION 23 -Institutionalization (usually a last resort)-Education and inclusion programming -Mainstreaming involves attending regular classes for much of the day TERM 24 Causes of mental retardation DEFINITION 24 -Genetic chromosomal factors-Infections and toxic agents- Trauma (physical injury)-Ionizing radiation-Malnutrition and other biological factors TERM 25 Incompetent to stand trial DEFINITION 25 -People who don't have and understanding of what is happening to them in courtroom and who can't participate in their own defense- Insanity: legal terms rather than psychological or medical term - Reflect fundamental doctrine that people can't be help fully responsible for their acts if they were so mentally incapacitated at the time of the acts that they couldn't conform to the rules of society TERM 26 Criteria for Involuntary Commitment DEFINITION 26 -Grave disability-Dangerous to self-Dangerous to others (must be imminent)-People who have been committed to mental institution often feel that they have given up all their civil rights-Right to treatment/right to refuse