Importance of Thermal Resistance & Aggregates in Construction: Definitions & Understanding, Quizzes of Introduction to Business Management

Download Importance of Thermal Resistance & Aggregates in Construction: Definitions & Understanding and more Quizzes Introduction to Business Management in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 U - Factor DEFINITION 1 INsulating materials are based on their thermal conductivity expressed in terms of ____ ___: heat transmitted per square foot of cross section per hour per oF difference in temperature between the two sides of the material. TERM 2 R - Value DEFINITION 2 The reciprocal of the U-factor is the ___ _____ (thermal resistance) TERM 3 prevents heat from escaping; greater DEFINITION 3 The U-factor measures how well a product _____ ______ ____ _____. The lower the U-factor, the_______ the resistance to heat flow and the better its insulating value (0.2 and 1.2) TERM 4 strength DEFINITION 4 the largest value of stress a material can resist TERM 5 failure DEFINITION 5 If the applied stress is increased beyond the strength of the material, then ______ (fracture) occurs TERM 6 ductile DEFINITION 6 describes a material that experiences large deformation before failure TERM 7 brittle DEFINITION 7 a material that fails with only very little deformation TERM 8 Toughness; Charpy test DEFINITION 8 Ability of the material to absorb energy while a force is applied to it. the product of stress and strain up to the point of fracture (area under the curve) Impact ____^ can be measured by the _____ test TERM 9 creep DEFINITION 9 development of deformations with time TERM 10 fatigue DEFINITION 10 the repeated application of stress typically produced by oscillating loads such as vibration Ex. (vibrating bridges) TERM 21 potential quality of source; meets specifications DEFINITION 21 Why is sampling important? To evaluate ____________ To determine if aggs. meet _____ TERM 22 specific gravity DEFINITION 22 the ratio of the density of a given material to the density of water TERM 23 m / V DEFINITION 23 Density: yy = TERM 24 Limestone DEFINITION 24 Agg. types______: Calcite and Dolomite CaCO3 + CaMg TERM 25 Silica (quartz) DEFINITION 25 Sandstone = ______ ingredient SiO2 TERM 26 Granite DEFINITION 26 Agg type: Orthoclase (Potassium Feldspar) K(AlSi3O8) TERM 27 Hot-Mix-Asphault DEFINITION 27 Bituminous pavement (HMA)HMA = TERM 28 Sieve Analysis DEFINITION 28 Determining the range of particle sizes present in agg sources(for fine aggs - > .075mm diameter) Expressed as a percentage of the Total Dry Weight Another method is called Hdyrometer Analysis TERM 29 shaken DEFINITION 29 Sieve analysis: sample is _____ through set of sieves calculate percentage passing each sieve %P = E.M - (M1 + M2 + ... +Mi) E. ME. = Sigma/sum TERM 30 Coarse DEFINITION 30 _____ Aggregate definition: Retained on 4.75 mm (No. 4) ASTM D692 Retained on 2.38 mm (NO.8) Asphault In TERM 31 Fine DEFINITION 31 ____ Aggregate def: PASSING on 4.75 mm (No. 4) ASTM D1073 PASSING on 2.38 mm (NO.8) Asphault Institute TERM 32 Mineral Filler DEFINITION 32 Agg. Def: Atleast 70% PASSING 0.075 mm ASTM D242 TERM 33 Coarse Aggregate DEFINITION 33 ASTM D692 TERM 34 Mineral Filler DEFINITION 34 ASTM D242 TERM 35 Fine Aggregate DEFINITION 35 ASTM D1073 TERM 46 Coarse Aggregate Specific Gravity DEFINITION 46 ASTM C127 =Test procedure:- dry aggregate -------> determine oven dry mass TERM 47 BULK density DEFINITION 47 _____ _____ means sample contains more than one mass and or volume TERM 48 FINE Aggregate Specific Gravity DEFINITION 48 ASTM C128 = TERM 49 tar and asphalt cement (from petroleum crude) DEFINITION 49 bitumen = ___ and ___ TERM 50 Distillation DEFINITION 50 Asphalt: _____ is the first step TERM 51 Asphaltenes DEFINITION 51 Black powder gives body to asphalt cement highly polar TERM 52 Resins DEFINITION 52 semisolid gives temperature susceptibility gives ductility polar TERM 53 Oil DEFINITION 53 - liquid- nonpolar TERM 54 Cutbacks DEFINITION 54 asphalt cements "cut" with petroleum solvents TERM 55 emulsions DEFINITION 55 mixture of asphalt cement, water and emulsifying agent TERM 56 Residuum Oil Supercritical Extraction DEFINITION 56 ROSE =- asphalt broken down into all 3 components TERM 57 Rapid Cure Medium cure Slow cure DEFINITION 57 Cutbacks:RC = ____ tack/surface coatMC = ___ stockpile patch mix - keroseneSC = ____ - prime coat TERM 58 RECLAIMED Asphalt Pavement DEFINITION 58 RAP =hoppers and bucket elevators used TERM 59 Cold vs hot All POSITIVE UNIQUE DEFINITION 59 Batch Facility Summary (RAP) - Cold feed gradation can differ from hot bin gradation - Positive weights on all components -Mixing time easily adjustable - Each batch can be unique TERM 60 continous; belt scale DEFINITION 60 Drum Plant prod."double barrel" tech.all operations are ____gradiation controlled at cold feed____ ____ is heart of controlMoisture compensation is essential TERM 71 wythe DEFINITION 71 one row thick of mason bricks TERM 72 bond strength DEFINITION 72 A small percentage of lime added to cement mortar increases __. TERM 73 True DEFINITION 73 True or false: Steel is stiffer than portland cement TERM 74 toughness DEFINITION 74 Annealing steel generally increases _____. TERM 75 retarders DEFINITION 75 these admixtures slow down the curing process of concrete so that finishers can have longer to work with the concrete TERM 76 More water increases workability, but weakens strength of concrete DEFINITION 76 Effect of water to cemtentious materials ration on quality of hardened concrete: TERM 77 Soil Compaction DEFINITION 77 _____: Densification of soil byremoving air voids using mechanical equipment TERM 78 Strength increases; Settling decreases; Permeability decreases DEFINITION 78 As Soil Compaction increases, the following occur: Strength _______ Potential for settlement ______ Permeability _______ TERM 79 Standard proctor; Modified proctor DEFINITION 79 List and define the two laboratory test use for compaction: TERM 80 - Sheepsfoot comp. - vibratory, - rubber tire - plates DEFINITION 80 List 4 field compaction equipment: TERM 81 Equivalent Single Axle Load DEFINITION 81 ESAL = TERM 82 Air entrainment: Higher porosity, lower permeability DEFINITION 82 Air entrainment provides unconnected pores. this yields: Higher ______, but lower ______. TERM 83 not enough room for expansion of water (9%) DEFINITION 83 too few voids makes weak concrete because there is _____- __% TERM 84 M, S, N, O DEFINITION 84 4 types of mortar:Highest strength to lowest strength order TERM 85 Type N DEFINITION 85 Type of Mortar? Medium strength Used for severe weathering conditions Chimneys, exterior walls TERM 96 ChromatedCopper ArsenateCCA Non-Arsenic Preservs Creosote (toxic) DEFINITION 96 3 types of wood treatments: _____: ____ and effective against insects, fungi, and marine borers TERM 97 compression DEFINITION 97 wood is a very strong material in _______ TERM 98 No air entrainment DEFINITION 98 if freezing and thawing is NOT a concern, does concrete need to be air entrained? TERM 99 Yes. use air entrainment. DEFINITION 99 If freezing and thawing IS of substantial concern, should the cornet be air-entrained? TERM 100 62.4 lb/ft^3 DEFINITION 100 unit weight of water (specific gravity of water) = TERM 101 1 DEFINITION 101 the world uses ____ ton of concrete per person/per year TERM 102 composite DEFINITION 102 concrete is a ____ material TERM 103 False. Neither. Concrete < Steel DEFINITION 103 T/F:Concrete is stronger and tougher than steel. TERM 104 Cement + Aggregate + Water + Admixtures DEFINITION 104 PCC - Portland Cement Concrete is made up of TERM 105 pulverized DEFINITION 105 cement = finely _____ material TERM 106 > (greater than #4) DEFINITION 106 Coarse Aggregate is ___ #4 TERM 107 < (less than #4) DEFINITION 107 Fine Aggregate is ____ #4. TERM 108 60 - 75% DEFINITION 108 Aggregate makes up 60 - ___ % of PCC by volume TERM 109 calcium silicate DEFINITION 109 Hydraulic Cement is composed mostly - 75 - 80% - of ____ ____develops adhesive and cohesive prop.s for bonding TERM 110 C3S, C2S, C3A, C4AF DEFINITION 110 4 Main Constituents of PCC Concrete: TERM 121 Soundness DEFINITION 121 _____ of Cement = the ability to retain its volume after setting. TERM 122 ability to flow DEFINITION 122 Consistency of cement = TERM 123 cement type DEFINITION 123 Heat of hydration is a function of ______________ TERM 124 Type I DEFINITION 124 PCC Type ___ General Purposes 100% 7 - day base TERM 125 Type II DEFINITION 125 PCC type _____: MOderate Sulfate Resistance a little Less heat of hydration ^ 80 - 85% TERM 126 Type III DEFINITION 126 PCC Type ___ High Early Strength Fast Track Construction 150% TERM 127 Type IV DEFINITION 127 PCC Type ____: Low Heat of Hydration (40-60%) TERM 128 Type V DEFINITION 128 PCC Type ___: High Sulfate Resistance (60-75%) TERM 129 ASTM C150 DEFINITION 129 ASTM _____: Designation for PCC Type Requirements of maximum compound composition and Blaine fineness TERM 130 Crush --> Blend --> Burn --> Pulverize DEFINITION 130 Portland Cement manufacturing process summary: _______ ---> _____ ---> ______ ---> ______ TERM 131 Physical Properties of PCC DEFINITION 131 fineness, SG - specific gravity, Soundness (retain volume), Consistency, Setting Time, Compressive Strength, and Heat of Hydration. TERM 132 Carbonates (and Bicarbonates) DEFINITION 132 Impurities in mixing water such as _______ may cause alkali- aggregate reaction and/oraffect setting time and strength TERM 133 Sulfate DEFINITION 133 _____ impiurities in mixing water to PCC may causeexpansion TERM 134 Salts DEFINITION 134 _____ impurities in mixing water maydiscolor concrete or cause strength loss TERM 135 Chlorides, Carbonates and Bicarbonates, Sulfate, Salts, Sea Water, Sugar, and Oils DEFINITION 135 Impurities in mixing water include: TERM 146 swiss cheese DEFINITION 146 Too many pores in HCP makes weak concrete like ____ ____ TERM 147 0.22 - 0.25 DEFINITION 147 Minimum W/C ratio for 100% hydr. with NO VOID SPACES =- stoichiometric reactions TERM 148 0.32 DEFINITION 148 Minimum W/C ratio for 100% hydr. with INTERLAYER VOID SPACES BUT NO CAPILLARY VOIDS- 100cm^3 of cement = 200cm^3 of product TERM 149 cement + standard sand DEFINITION 149 mortar = ____ + _____ TERM 150 heat released and heat of hydration DEFINITION 150 fineness of cement affects _________ and the ___________,also accelerates strength development TERM 151 fineness DEFINITION 151 measure of surface area of cement particles per unit mass TERM 152 Wagner turbidimeter test DEFINITION 152 ASTM C115 = which fineness test? TERM 153 Blaine air - permeability test DEFINITION 153 ASTM C204 = _____________________ permeability /fineness test TERM 154 Sieving using No. 325 sieve DEFINITION 154 ASTM C430 = the ________________ technique of fineness test TERM 155 skeleton DEFINITION 155 Functions of Aggregates in PCC:- Inert, bulky ____ of the concrete- 60-75% VOLUME and (70-85% weight) of concrete- reduces Amount of cement- physcial stability, durability and workability TERM 156 water demand; voids DEFINITION 156 Angularity increases ____ demand and ____ TERM 157 roughness DEFINITION 157 aggregate ____ improves bond strength TERM 158 absorption capacity DEFINITION 158 the amount of moisture required to go from Oven Dry to SSD conditions TERM 159 retarders, superplasticizers, AE, water reducer, Accelerators, DEFINITION 159 Name 5 types of admixtures: TERM 160 wood resins, resinous DEFINITION 160 Air entrainment agents are ___ ___(Vinsol), Fatty___ acids, Synthetics