Final Exam Study Guide - Introduction to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam | RELI 1001, Study notes of World Religions

Download Final Exam Study Guide - Introduction to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam | RELI 1001 and more Study notes World Religions in PDF only on Docsity! Final Exam Study Guide 1. Define Orthodoxy – doctrine based 2. Jesus orientation to life/Jesus as the Logos a. The teachings of Jesus, parables, acts b. Disciples (what they saw, heard, and felt) c. Jesus acted towards people d. He helped them with their needs (healing) e. He criticized their deviations from the ideal i. Unlike the Sadducees he wanted change ii. Unlike the Essenes he worked within society with the people iii. Unlike the Zealots he advocated peace 1. “Love your enemy” 2. “Turn the other cheek.” 3. Arius--was a priest who: a. Claimed that Jesus was not of divine substance but a creation of God b. Believed in one indivisible God c. Believed that if the Son was equal to the father there would be more than one God d. Destroys the mediating function of the Logos. e. He is the founder of the Arian Heresy, which was countered by the Nicean Creed. 4. Nicean creed--The dogma that Christ’s nature was truly divine was established as dogma in 325 CE at the 1st Ecumenical Council at Nicea when it was decided the Christ and God the father were one. 5. Paul focused mainly on a Non-Jewish group. 6. Synoptic (Greek for “viewing together”) gospels are: a. Matthew b. Mark c. Luke i. The Synoptic Gospels have a shared perspective, ii. The Gospel of John is a work of a different nature - a major theological work of the cosmic significance of Jesus as savior and messiah. 7. Gospel means Good News. 8. Ekklesia or “Messiah Folk” means those called apart. 9. Jesus of faith--The disciples of Jesus concluded that Jesus was divine because: a. What they saw him do b. What they heard him say c. What they felt him to be 10. Eastern orthodoxy vs Roman Catholicism a. Until 1054 CE there was only one Church 11. 1054 Roman Catholicism begins a. Two most important concepts for understanding Roman Catholicism i. Teaching Authority (preserves faith) 1. Interpreters of the Bible and Jesus’ teachings 2. Papal infallibility a. Jesus’ representative on earth (maintain orthodox creed) 3. Protect the teachings and Tradition ii. Sacramental Agent (channels of divine grace) 1. Baptism, Confirmation, Holy Matrimony, Holy Orders, Sacrament of the Sick, Reconciliation (confession), Mass 2. Holy Eucharist and Holy Communion 12. The Eastern Orthodox a. Doctrine: Papal supremacy & the conscience of the Church b. Seven Sacraments are the same as Roman Catholic ones c. More self-governance d. Two differences with the Roman Church e. Less unanimity is needed in matters of dogma 1. Church can interpret doctrine but not initiate it 2. Stresses continuity not Church authority 3. No Pope, rather “the conscience of the Church” a. Decisions made by collective 4. Iconography - “windows to heaven” a. The saints are the heroes of the spirit 13. John is/does: a. Jesus as Logos = incarnation of the divine Word b. Jesus is the means of salvation c. Major theological treatise d. No virgin birth, baptism, temptation e. Movement away from Judaism f. “For the law was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.” 14. Teachings of Jesus… a. Jesus invited people to believe, he did not order them to b. He spoke to their imaginations, rather than to their reason or their will c. He uses down to earth images i. Parable of the sower ii. Parable of the gnat and the camel iii. Parable of the Vineyard Laborers iv. The Lilies of the valley d. His teachings challenged the paradigm of his society (subversive) e. Went counter to worldly wisdom i. Turn the other cheek ii. Love your enemy f. Jesus focused on two facts