Indian Religions & Philosophies Study Guide: Geography, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism & More, Study notes of World Religions

Download Indian Religions & Philosophies Study Guide: Geography, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism & More and more Study notes World Religions in PDF only on Docsity! REL1300 Final Exam Study Guide India’s Geography  Secluded by Himalayas, large bodies of water, and desert  Existed separately from western world for centuries until the 1400s Vedas  Oldest of the Hindu texts  4 classes  Rigveda-most authoritative and voluminous  Collections of songs, poems, ritual, sacrifice, spells, sorcerers, deities,  Main source for what day to day life looked like Upanishads  Written ascetics 100s of years later  Tell about Hindu philosophy and culture Dharma  Path of righteousness  Code of conduct  Universal or natural law  Moral law that guides spiritual disciplines  Avatars give us this knowledge Samsara  Cycle of birth, death, and rebirth- reincarnation  Atman wants to pleasure  In order to escape the cycle, abstain from pleasure Moksha  When one dies and escapes Samsara and becomes one with god Atman  Soul Trimurti  3 specific aspects of the universal supreme god 1. Brahma 2. Shiva 3. Vishnu Puja  Worship of veneration  Can be done anywhere Char Dham  Pilgrimage to four abodes (not required but if you can, great) Caste  Basis on Hindu social structure  You are born into certain groups and you cannot move to different groups  Absolutely considered part of the Hindu religion Siddhartha Gautama  Founder of Buddhism Four Insights 1. Old man 2. Sick man 3. Corpse 4. Dying man Four Noble Truths 1. Suffering 2. Arising of suffering= craving 3. End of suffering= no craving 4. Way to enlightenment The Eightfold Path  How to achieve enlightenment 1. Reality is illusion 2. Good intentions 3. Do not speak in a hurtful way 4. Do no harm 5. Non-harmful livelihood 6. Making an effort to improve 7. Clear consciousness 8. Correct meditation Middle Path 4. Dagger 5. Undergarment Confucius  One of the philosophers and member of the government  His students were members of the government as well  5 classics/Analects- teachings Tao  Path that leads to harmony Mao Tse Tung  Communist  Anti-religion Harmony  Similar to caste  Everyone plays a part in society  Afterlife with ancestors where the living can appeal to them  Leads to filial piety Yin and Yang  Opposites feeding into each other Filial Piety  Show respect to living and dead family  Working to achieve harmony State Shinto  Emperor is at the center of religion  Everything done is to uplift the emperor  Emperor descended from god Kami  Japanese deities  Way of the gods- nature, ancestors The Kojiki  Record of ancient matters  Early Shinto history  Emperor at the center Samurai  Small military leaders related to the emperor Meiji Restoration  Emperor Mutsuhito  Meiji = “enlightened rule”  Emperor created office of Shinto  Shrines fell under state rule  Ordained priests Emperor Mutsuhito  Emperor during the Meiji Restoration Matsuri  Japanese Shinto festivals Joseph Smith  Founder of the Mormon religion Nauvoo  Nauvoo, Illinois  Built temple  Start religion, eventually kicked out Brigham Young  Took over as leader of the Mormons after Joseph Smith’s death  Very popular  Plural marriages continued and the Mormons became less popular because of it  1890 government took assets Pioneer Era  Era when Mormons were flocking to Utah after Joseph Smith’s death Book of Mormon  Mormon equivalent to the Bible L. Ron Hubbard  Science fiction novelist  Theory’s about mind in A Standing  Started scientology Dianetics  How past trauma influences us Auditory  Used to help get rid of trauma  Very similar to sociotherapy Thetan  Soul, true identities  Limitless, it can do anything 1965 Immigration and Naturalization Act  Non-European immigrants doubled  Brought native cultures  Their cultures blended with ours Syncretism  Attempt to reconcile contrary beliefs Jim Jones  Jonestown  Christian movement based in San Francisco  “Don’t drink the Kool-Aid” Charles Manson  3 dozen women lived with him  Executed Sharon Tate  Race war to end the world Tension Axis  Used for mapping religious movements  The further away you moved from the church and the mainstream, the more tension you had with society Hare Krishna  Originated in New York in 1966  Westernized Hindus  Soul is trapped and reincarnates into one with Krishna Swami Prabhupada  Founder  Born in India