Newton's Laws, Celestial Bodies, and the Universe, Quizzes of Physical Education and Motor Learning

Download Newton's Laws, Celestial Bodies, and the Universe and more Quizzes Physical Education and Motor Learning in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Which is Newton's Second Law? DEFINITION 1 F=maForce=Mass*Acceleration TERM 2 Suppose it is full moon, as seen from Earth. How would Earth appear to someone on the Moon at this time? DEFINITION 2 The side of Earth facing the Moon is completelydark. TERM 3 The mass of Jupiter can be calculated from observations by DEFINITION 3 measuring the orbital period of a moon and the distancebetween it and Jupiter. TERM 4 How long does it take Earth to complete one orbit around the Sun? DEFINITION 4 one year TERM 5 If the Sun were replaced by a black hole of the same mass DEFINITION 5 Earth's orbit will remain the same. TERM 6 Suppose the Sun were to suddenly shrink in size but its mass remained the same. According to the law of conservation of angular momentum, what would happen? DEFINITION 6 The Sun would rotate faster than it does now. TERM 7 Suppose you drop a 10-pound weight and a 5- pound weight on the Moon, both from the same height at the same time. What will happen? DEFINITION 7 Both will hit the ground at the same time. TERM 8 The energy of levels 1-4 of hydrogen are 0, 10.2, 12.1, and 12.8 electron volts (eV), respectively. If the hydrogen is ionized, the electrons are DEFINITION 8 not in levels 1-4. TERM 9 S1: The speed of the Earth in its orbit is greater than the speed of Saturn. S2: The speed of the Earth in January is greater than in July. Kepler's Law of Equal Areas helps explain DEFINITION 9 S2 only. TERM 10 Moons of Jupiter, the rings of Saturn, and the phases of Venus: which of these did Galileo not discover? DEFINITION 10 Galileo discovered all of them. TERM 21 Why can the material in the rings of Saturn not collect to form moons? DEFINITION 21 The gravity of Saturn tears moons apart. TERM 22 The planets near the sun have a high density because DEFINITION 22 the lighter materials could not condense becausethe proto planet fell too far and became too hot. TERM 23 Consider this hypothetical discovery of a new planet beyond the orbit of Pluto. S1: Its density is 5 times the density of water. S2: It has many craters. would require revising theories about planet formation. DEFINITION 23 S1 TERM 24 The carbon in my hand was made in DEFINITION 24 some other star. TERM 25 In addition to the losses in the solar wind, the sun loses 5 million tons of mass every second. How can you capture some of that mass? DEFINITION 25 Absorb some sun light. TERM 26 Compared to a main sequence star of spectral class A, a main sequence star of spectral class F is DEFINITION 26 cooler and less massive. TERM 27 In which stage does the sun spend the longest time? DEFINITION 27 White dwarf. TERM 28 Has the sun ever been or will be a star like Vega, an A main-sequence star? Same question for Aldebaran, a K giant? DEFINITION 28 No for Vega. Yes for Aldebaran. TERM 29 If a giant hand moved Vega twice as far as it is, it moves down on the HR diagram. True or false? DEFINITION 29 false TERM 30 If a giant hand moved Vega twice as far as it is, it moves right on the HR diagram. True or false? DEFINITION 30 false TERM 31 A star cluster has A, M, F, G, and K main- sequence stars and K and M giants. After a few billion years, a single type of star will be gone. What type will be gone? DEFINITION 31 A dwarfs TERM 32 In a degenerate gas, the pressure increases if the space for the gas decreases. DEFINITION 32 True TERM 33 In a degenerate gas, the pressure increases if the temperature increases DEFINITION 33 false TERM 34 At some time after the main-sequence phase, the sun burns helium DEFINITION 34 true TERM 35 At some time after the main-sequence phase, it burns hydrogen DEFINITION 35 true TERM 46 A 2-liter bottle of the universe has 3x1034 kg of photons. How much mass in the form of light was there in a 1/4-liter bottle back when the universe was half the present size? DEFINITION 46 6x1034 kg TERM 47 The mass of the black hole in M87 is times the mass of the sun. DEFINITION 47 3 billion TERM 48 A star orbits the black hole in the center of the Milky Way. Its period is 10 years and the distance between it and the black hole is 1,000 AU. The mass of the black hole is times the mass of the sun. DEFINITION 48 10,000,000 TERM 49 Simplicio says, "Material falling toward a black hole cannot be seen." An example that contradicts Simplicio's statement is DEFINITION 49 the radio source Cygnus A. TERM 50 In an average 200,000-km sphere (same size as moon's orbit), there is DEFINITION 50 3 lb of dark energy, 1 lb of dark matter, and 3 ozof ordinary matter. TERM 51 You and I are made of DEFINITION 51 ordinary matter. TERM 52 Decoupling occurs at a temperature of 3000 K. At that time, what was the distance between the two blobs that eventually became the Milky Way and a galaxy now 100 Mly away? DEFINITION 52 0.1 Mly TERM 53 A supernova emitted some light when the scale of the universe was 0.6. Temperature fluctuation are imprinted on the cosmic background radiation. In a universe with more mass, the supernova is , and the fluctuations appear at angles in the sky. DEFINITION 53 brighter & larger TERM 54 Newton and Einstein disagreed on the source of gravity. Einstein said that in addition to mass, causes gravity DEFINITION 54 pressure TERM 55 The WMAP satellite measured DEFINITION 55 the temperature and polarization of the cosmicbackground radiation over the entire sky. TERM 56 The ​first stars and galaxies formed after the Big Bang. DEFINITION 56 300 Million years TERM 57 What evidence is from the formation of the ​first stars and galaxies? DEFINITION 57 Polarization of the cosmic background radiation TERM 58 What is evidence that the sun was not one of the ​first stars to form? DEFINITION 58 Presence of iron in the sun. TERM 59 D1 is the distance between Jupiter and the sun. D2 is the distance between the center of the Milky Way and the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy. D3 is the distance between the MilkyWay and Hoag's Galaxy, a distant galaxy. Do distances D1, D2, and D3 expand in step with the expansion of the universe? DEFINITION 59 NNY TERM 60 What is the source of energy in a quasar? DEFINITION 60 Conversion of potential energy into kinetic energywhen material falls towards the black hole.