Organizational Terms and Concepts: A Comprehensive Glossary, Quizzes of Organization Behaviour

Download Organizational Terms and Concepts: A Comprehensive Glossary and more Quizzes Organization Behaviour in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Job Analysis DEFINITION 1 studying a job in order to understand what knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes are needed as foundation for the behaviors that would help the jobholder perform that job successfully. TERM 2 Job description DEFINITION 2 lists the tasks, behaviors, responsibilities, and other information that help explain the job TERM 3 job specification t DEFINITION 3 lists the specific knowledge, skills, abilities, and other employee characteristics that are needed to perform the job successfully TERM 4 Organizational Strategy DEFINITION 4 Analysis--> Forecasting--> Recruiting--> Selecting--> Training--> Appraising--> Rewarding TERM 5 Recruitment DEFINITION 5 the process of finding and attracting job candidates who are qualified to fill job vacancies TERM 6 Selection DEFINITION 6 is the process of evaluating and choosing the best qualified candidate from the pool of applicants available for the position TERM 7 The 2 Selection Methods DEFINITION 7 Application form and a resume TERM 8 Employment Test DEFINITION 8 any instrument, device or information used to make an employment decision........ such as: written responses (such as math) simulated exercises, performance tests (such as a word processing test), or verbal responses (such as a test of language skills) TERM 9 Assessment center DEFINITION 9 a type of simulation of a more complex or higher level managerial job used to predict a job applicant's performance TERM 10 Work Sample DEFINITION 10 a small part of an actual job completed by an applicant to predict performance on the job TERM 21 Recency Error DEFINITION 21 Evaluation on the employee's most recent performance rather than all of it TERM 22 Compensation DEFINITION 22 Direct and indirect payments to employees TERM 23 Benefits DEFINITION 23 Indirect compensation given to employees as a reward for organizational membership TERM 24 External fairness DEFINITION 24 Pay in one organization is fair relative to the pay for hte same job in other organizations TERM 25 Internal fairness DEFINITION 25 Pay for the job within the organization is fair relative to the pay of higher and lower level jobs in the same organization TERM 26 Bona Fide Occupational Qualification DEFINITION 26 A qualification of a job that is legal to use even if it tends to rule out members of employee classes protected by Title VII... Also, basically you can discriminate against someone if it is a necessity for the job TERM 27 Affirmative action DEFINITION 27 Emphasizing the recruiting, hiring, and promoting of members of minority groups and other protected classes if such individuals are underrepresented in the organization TERM 28 Quid Pro quo harassment DEFINITION 28 Sexual harassment requiring sexual favors in exchange for positive job treatment TERM 29 Hostile environment harassment DEFINITION 29 harassment produced by workplace conduct and/or setting that is considered to make an abusive working environment TERM 30 labor-management relations DEFINITION 30 the formal process through which labor unions represent employees in negotiating with management TERM 31 Organizational Culture DEFINITION 31 the shared beliefs, values and norms in an organization TERM 32 Rites, rituals, and ceremonies DEFINITION 32 Relatively dramatic events that have special meaning for organizational members TERM 33 Language, metaphors, and symbols DEFINITION 33 the way that organizational members typically express themselves and communicate with each other TERM 34 stories and sagas DEFINITION 34 Narratives based on true events, frequently embellished TERM 35 Organizational change DEFINITION 35 any alteration of activities in anorganization TERM 46 Encoding DEFINITION 46 The process that translates the sender's ideas into a systematic set of symbols or a language expressing the communicator's purpose TERM 47 message DEFINITION 47 The tangible forms of coded symbols that are intended to give a particular meaning to the information or data TERM 48 Channel DEFINITION 48 The carrier of the message or the means by which the message is sent TERM 49 Decoding DEFINITION 49 The translation of received messages into interpreted meanings TERM 50 Communication feedback DEFINITION 50 The process of verifying messages and the receiver's attempts to ensure that the message he or she decoded is what the sender really meant to convey TERM 51 Noise DEFINITION 51 Any interference with or distraction from the intended message TERM 52 oral communication DEFINITION 52 all forms of spoken information- the type of communication preferred by most managers TERM 53 Written communication DEFINITION 53 letters, memos, policy manuals, reports, forms, and other written documents TERM 54 nonverbal communication DEFINITION 54 all messages that are non-language responses TERM 55 Technological communication DEFINITION 55 any communication that uses an electronic device as the channel TERM 56 Telecommuting DEFINITION 56 The practice of working at a remote site by using a computer linked to a central office or other employment location TERM 57 Telework DEFINITION 57 another word for telecommuting TERM 58 Ethnocentrism DEFINITION 58 The tendency to consider one's own culture and its values as being superior to others TERM 59 Vertical communication DEFINITION 59 The flow of information both up and down the chain of command TERM 60 Downward communication DEFINITION 60 Messages sent from individuals at higher levels of the organization to those at lower levels TERM 71 Resiliency DEFINITION 71 the ability to absorb high levels of disruptive change TERM 72 I or E DEFINITION 72 A personality dimension measuring the degree to which a person is introverted or extroverted TERM 73 S or N DEFINITION 73 a personality dimension measuring whether one is sensing or intuitive in gathering data TERM 74 F or T DEFINITION 74 A personality dimension referring to whether one is feeling or thinking in making judgments TERM 75 P or J DEFINITION 75 A personality dimension representing the degree to which one is perceiving or judging in making decisions TERM 76 Big Five DEFINITION 76 A model measuring personality traits that include extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience TERM 77 Cognitive dissonance DEFINITION 77 an inconsistency among a person's attitudes or between an attitude and a behavior TERM 78 Halo-and-horn effect DEFINITION 78 Judging a person all positive (halo) or all negative (horn) based on one trait or dimension TERM 79 Selective perception DEFINITION 79 Tendency to see or hear only what we want to see or hear TERM 80 Formal Group DEFINITION 80 a group that is deliberately created by managers TERM 81 Informal group DEFINITION 81 a group that is not formed or planned by the organization's managers TERM 82 Task-oriented goal DEFINITION 82 A behavior that is directly related to establishing and accomplishing the goals of the group or achieving the desired outcomes TERM 83 Relationship-oriented Goal DEFINITION 83 a behavior that cultivates the well-being, continuity, and development of the group TERM 84 Self-oriented role DEFINITION 84 a behavior- a personal need or goal- of an individual that occurs without regard for the group's problems TERM 85 homogeneous group DEFINITION 85 a group having many similarities TERM 96 Motivation DEFINITION 96 Definitionforces either internal or external to a person that act as inducements or that influence action to do something TERM 97 Needs-bases approach DEFINITION 97 a model of motivation that focuses on a person's nees as motivators TERM 98 process approach DEFINITION 98 a model of motivation that focuses on underwtanding the thought process in influencing motivation TERM 99 reinforcement approach DEFINITION 99 based on learning and examine how consequences mold behavior TERM 100 hierarchy of needs DEFINITION 100 a motivation model stating that a person has five fundamental needs: physiological, security, affiliation, esteem and self-actualization TERM 101 Valence DEFINITION 101 The value of the reward to the individual TERM 102 Organizational Control DEFINITION 102 A process through which leaders regulate organizational activities to make them consistent with the expectations established in plans and to help them achieve all predetermined standards of performance TERM 103 Manus DEFINITION 103 Word for management TERM 104 Business History DEFINITION 104 Caravan Trader,Trunk Trader, Pack Pony Entrepreneur, Market Square, Wagon Dealers TERM 105 Frederick Winslow Taylor DEFINITION 105 the father of scientific management, he broke work down into basic elements (sub divided jobs). He defined job tasks. He separated planning from doing. Managers should always plan be for they start doing. Created functional foremanship, and created first training foremen TERM 106 George Elton Mayo DEFINITION 106 studied workers at Western Electric (sold phones and built phone lines for the whole nation at the time) in Chicago. He started the Human Relations Movement. He changed dictatorial leadership into participating management. TERM 107 5 Functions of Management DEFINITION 107 Organize, Plan, Staffing, Influencing, Controlling TERM 108 Planning DEFINITION 108 all activities involved in defining goals and the means to achieve goals. TERM 109 There are 2 types of Plans (KNOW) DEFINITION 109 Tactical- short term (1 day, 1 month, up to 1 year)Strategic- long term (1-3 years usually, but could go up to 5 years) TERM 110 Duties of a Board of Directors DEFINITION 110 Evaluate company performance, conduct strategic planning, Plan for succession, promote future managers, Audit company performance, Select the new CEO (when president retires), approve objectives, review compensation policies, Give advice and counsel, approve financial decisions, make policy recommendations