Download Biology 101: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration and more Quizzes Earth Sciences in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Photosynthesis DEFINITION 1 Converts the solar energy of sunlight into the chemical energy of food molecules. ItrequiresCo2 and H20. TERM 2 Cellular respiration DEFINITION 2 converts the chemical energy of food molecules into the chemical energy of ATP, which drives allcellularwork.Converts thechemicalenergy of food into ATP energy..its is an aerobic process it requires Oxygen!Occurs in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi)glucose to oxygen TERM 3 Energy Flows DEFINITION 3 Solar Energy-Chemical energy of food-Chemical energy of ATP-Heat TERM 4 Nutrients Cycle DEFINITION 4 The products of photosynthesis are the reactants ofcellularrespiration, and vice versa. TERM 5 What are the stages of Cellular respiration DEFINITION 5 GlycolysisCitric acid cycleElectron Transport TERM 6 Glycolysis DEFINITION 6 occurs in the cytosol of a cell, does not require oxygen, helps produce ATP TERM 7 Citric Acid Cycle DEFINITION 7 Occurs within the matrix of mitochonrida, breaks down the two 3 carbon moeldcules into six 1 carbon, doe snot require O2 TERM 8 Electron Transport DEFINITION 8 requires oxygen, cristae of mitochondria TERM 9 Fermentation DEFINITION 9 the anaerobic conversion of foodschemicalenergy into ATP energy, can cause lactic acid in humans, can happen in bacteria TERM 10 Enzymes DEFINITION 10 specialized protein molecules thatcatalyze(speedup)chemicalreactions. Enzymes are very selective for the reactions TERM 21 Light reactions DEFINITION 21 Light reactions occur on the thylacoids of chlroplasts, sunlight energy sliepts water molecules TERM 22 Calvin Cycle DEFINITION 22 occurs within stroma of chloroplasts, light is indirectly required by contributing the hydrogens form water that reduce carbon dioxide. TERM 23 Cellular reproduciton DEFINITION 23 Cell division, single parent cell divides resulting in twodaughtercells the two daughter cells are geneticlaly identical to each other TERM 24 Unicellular organisms DEFINITION 24 Cell division results inasexualreproductionInmulticelluarorganismcelldivisionresults in growth TERM 25 DNA DEFINITION 25 information-storage molecule found in the nucleus of cells. TERM 26 Genes DEFINITION 26 Discrete units along a stretch of DNA that code forparticulartraitsevery cell within an organism of the same species has the same number of chromosomes, 46 TERM 27 cell division DEFINITION 27 duplicates all of its chromosomes, sister chromatids held together at a centromer TERM 28 Cell cycle DEFINITION 28 sequence of events between when a cell is 1st produced cell division and when it in turn dividesmitosis: division of nucleus DNA TERM 29 Mitosis and Cytokinesis DEFINITION 29 Mitosis consists of four phasesProphase: sisters spiltMetaphase: spindleAnaphase: daughter chromsomesTelophase: nuclear enevlope formingCytokinesis occurs simultaneously with telephase TERM 30 Homologous Chromosomes DEFINITION 30 occurs in pairs TERM 31 Normal Cells DEFINITION 31 Somatic cells TERM 32 Autosomes DEFINITION 32 22 pairs, 44 chromosomes TERM 33 Human Somatic cells DEFINITION 33 are diploid cells have both members of homogloous pair of chromosomes, 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomesGamestes and Haploid TERM 34 Zygote DEFINITION 34 recieves one member of a homolgous pair form the egg and the other member from the sperm. zygotes are diplid TERM 35 Chromosome combinations DEFINITION 35 The number of possiblechromosomescombinations a gamete can posses is 2nn is they haploid numberasexsual one possible
