Archaeology Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Introduction to Cultural Anthropology

Download Archaeology Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Introduction to Cultural Anthropology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Archaeology DEFINITION 1 The subfield of anthropology that focuses on the study of the artifacts from past societies to determine the lifestyles, history, and evolution of those societies. TERM 2 Pre-Historic Archaeology DEFINITION 2 Before people could write it down, has no written record. TERM 3 Historic Archaeology DEFINITION 3 Has written record. Starts in 1492 with Columbus. TERM 4 Ethnographic Analogy DEFINITION 4 A method for infering the use or meaning of an ancient site or artifact based on observation & accounts of its use by living people. TERM 5 Culture DEFINITION 5 the set of learned beliefs, values, styles and behaviors generally shared by members of a society or group. TERM 6 Site DEFINITION 6 A place where human activity occured & material remains were deposited. TERM 7 Artifact DEFINITION 7 Any object made, modified, or used by people. TERM 8 Midden DEFINITION 8 An area used for thrash disposal. (Ancient dumps or thrash heaps) *Think midden as garbage. TERM 9 Science DEFINITION 9 Systematically acquired knowlege that is varifiable. TERM 10 Theory DEFINITION 10 Interconected propositions that explain some domain of inquiry. *Offer general explanations. TERM 21 Archeaology DEFINITION 21 Focuses on the study of artifacts from past societies to determine the history, lifestyles and evolution of those societies. TERM 22 Physical Anthropology DEFINITION 22 Humans as biological species. *Conduct research on human evolution & modern human variation. TERM 23 Cultural Anthropology DEFINITION 23 Focuses on the study of contemporary societies. TERM 24 Linguistic Anthropology DEFINITION 24 Focuses on the study of language. TERM 25 Subsistence Pattern DEFINITION 25 The methods a society uses to obtain its food and other necessities. TERM 26 What are some of the main subsistence patterns? DEFINITION 26 Foraging: Foraging of plants & wild animals Pastoralism: Tending heards of large animals. Horticulture: Low intensity farming & small animals Intensive Agriculture: Full time farming. TERM 27 Material Culture DEFINITION 27 Non specific ways to refer to the artifacts or other concrete things left by past cultures. TERM 28 What are the Data Analysis steps for artifacts in lab? DEFINITION 28 1st: Clean 2nd: Sort 3rd: Type TERM 29 Medowcroft Rochsheiter DEFINITION 29 Site located southwest of Pitt *site indicates occupancy beginning 16,000-19,000 yrs ago *still controversal *Used by native americans in the pre-clovis era.