Comparative Study: Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity - Self, Problem, Salvation - , Study notes of World Religions

Download Comparative Study: Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity - Self, Problem, Salvation - and more Study notes World Religions in PDF only on Docsity! Hinduism: UR=Brahman. One Mind/Life. Expresses itself in all. HS=Monist: Embodied self (1) Universe=1 whole. Atman-who you really are. Brahmnan-Atman-True Self. Dualists: In bliss w/ God. Self and not self. Subjective and objective reality. Separate self from ultimate. atman=individual selfs. Composed jivas= 5 sheaths/3bodies. 1physical-dies. 2causal-samsara. 3astral) Atman/atman. Not permanent. TS: Monist-ignorant of UR. U r Braman-Atman. Dualist- realizing you’re God. FS: Monist/Dualist: ignorance. Ignorance=problem. Focus on our individual self. Interconnectedness: 4 permissible goals. Pleasure, Gain, Righteousness, Moksha. Path of desire=first 2 (self+temporary). Path of renunciate=last 2 (3rd-temporary. Can’t plz every1. 4th-union w/ Brahman, eternal). 4 stages of life= Student-obedience to teacher/father. Householder- deal pleasure/gain/dharma. Hermits-begin quest for moksha. Renunciant-monk, free all ties. Yogas: Jnana: learning,thinking, ID me. Spiritual orientated person. Way of reflection/knowledge. Raja: physcological contact w/ Brahman. Experience oriented people. Path of Psychophysical Exercises. Karma: liberation thru selfless acts. Active oriented. Way god through work. Bhakti: loving/adoring God all being. Feeling/emotional oriented. Way to God thru love. River Sutra: “The Teacher’s Story.” Master Mohan takes in boy. Imrat >sister leaves him. Imrat=beautiful voice. Sings 4 sahib. Slits his throat > sings 4 him. MM suicide after Imrat dies. Cannot imagine life w/o boy. Ex selfless acts and greed. Wealthy sahib = greedy. Noonelse hear singing >him. MM =selfless b/c cared 4 Imrat. Not for financial gain. Buddism: UR- Beyond all opposites. Nirvana, the Void. Mahayana- Void=UR, describes what’s not. It’s everything. Everything devoid of individual self. Thereavada- UR=Nirvanva, mysterious realm. No suffering/division. Desires prevent reaching Nirvana. 4 Noble Truths: life =suffering. Desires causes suffering. End suffering =ending desire. End desire =8 fold path. Stresses right views. HS-No individual self not permanent. Everything/everyone connected. Anatman-no self. 5 skandhas: form, feelings, perceptions. Inherent impulses, background consciousness. “the island within” (dead whale=interconnectedness cause/effect) whale provided food >creatures. >humans hunt/eat. Relationship UR> e’thg connected=no self. Part of Void, don’t realize. Right orientation >speech, actions, thoughts. > wont negatively affect others. TS: Realization we have no self. FS: believe we individual selves. In way of realization >desires >suffering = stuck in samsara. Interconnectedness: interconnected > interdependent co-origination. Everything interdependent/interconnected. -->causes/effects. Nothing exists by itself. all =one, one= all. step leads 2 another. explain suffering and how 2 liberate. ethics: need right orientation. b/c negatively affect others/things. practice: Following 8 fold path. = way end suffering. following ten precepts: 1.Taking life 2.Stealing 3.Sexual Miscoduct 4.Lying 5.Taking intoxicants 6.Eating after noon 7. Watching/ Participating dancing, singing, shows 8. Adorning oneself w/ garlands 9. Sleeping in soft bed (luxury) 10. Handling money. Social: studying/working in monasteries. Learning from teachers. Ardhants (Theravada), Bodhissattvas (Mahyana), manushi buddhas. Judaism: UR-soverign, personal. All-good Creator God. Mosiac Covenant- covenant b/w God/Israel. God =theirs/ land/protect/prosper. IF: worship alone /obey commandments. Abrahamic Covenant- b/w God /Abraham/ Descendents. God> land/ great nation/blessing. Circumcision is sign. Davidic- always David’s lineage ruler. >throne of Israel. HS- body /spirit. body will die /spirit > heaven. Individually created by God. TS: following/keeping/upholding covenant. FS: opposite of TS. In way: human tendency 2 sin. Sin: psycological propensity. Repent >Teshuvah: sincere repentence 1)Confession to person. 2) resitution 3) change in behavior. 4) Return to God. Interconnectedness-Connect UR =prayer and scriptures. Esp.Torah (Law) /interpretation Talmud. chosen people of God (Jews). Everyone else (Gentiles). live out: honor/serve God. >following law. >maintain identity of people. >promote ethical vision -great people/ humanitarians. Customs >in home/place worship. Keeping Sabbath and passover. Following commandments. relationships b/w humans. B/w Humans /God. B/w Humans /Creation. Night = some wavered faith > God. >keeping covenant. God nokeep covenant accd 2 Wiesel. Christianity: UR: sovereign, personal, all-good God. Doctrine of Atonement. >Substitution Satisfaction theory. >Christus Victor. >Moral Influence Theory. Doctrine of Incarnation. Doctorine of the Trinity HS: the likeness of Jesus. Body/spirit. TS: Model, Trailblazers, new creation. Being like Jesus. FS: Sinning, turning away from Jesus. Relationship to UR: creation of creator. communicate with God. Above us. Sent Jesus= self-manifestation. Judgment/resurrection on last day. eternal life. In way? Sin. See table. Interconnectedness: Pray to God. Scriptures-divinely inspired thru ppl. Liberation theology-help/minister to others. Ethics- follow beliefs >bible. follow example >Jesus. Practices-Go church, pray. Social Organizations-Church. Rigo Berta Menchu: liberation theology-God =liberator. God’s word = defense. Taking comfort in God’s word. Islam: UR-God. =soverign, personal, person. Reveals himself. Gives specific guidance 2 humanity. Righteous doctrine explains called imam. God =only, omnipotent/scient, self-subsistent. =source of people’s greatest hope. =guide of humans by prophets. esp. Muhammad. Qur’an revealed word of God. Guided through angels. Gabriel >Muhammad >recite God’s words. HS- creaetd by God. God established. >nature >fitra >reveals. humans’ divine origin. Fitra = good, noble, pure. Humans =nafs. Self, personality/character. >soul, whole being. soul inbreathed >Allah. body =mud/ clay. Nafs = mediators b/w soul/body. Relationship UR: 5 pillars. 1) Confession of Faith (shahada). 2) Prayer-5 times/day 3) Almsgiving. 4)Fast of Ramadan. 5) hajj/pilgrimage to Mecca. unofficial 6th pillar >jihad. =struggle /strive inrealization God’s will. TS: Worship/serve Allah. in accordance w/ commandents. observe 5 pillars/rest of Shariah. FS: not following Allah previous. Inway? we are unaware we perfect. Interconnectedness- community =important. connecting 2 Allah thru day. community = pray together. hajj = pilgrimage to mecca. “lesser jihad” 2 establish what’s right >society. acrd 2 Allah’s will. Creating Muslim community or ummah. Founded> social justice/compassion. charity> needy, orphans, kin. Be good parents. No racism. The Rumi poems = interconnectedness. b/c talked > relationships b/w humans/Allah.