Understanding the Construction and Influence of Distorted Images and Media Reality, Quizzes of Communication

Download Understanding the Construction and Influence of Distorted Images and Media Reality and more Quizzes Communication in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 culture meetings DEFINITION 1 To have a cult. Meeting there needs to be a recognition of a social self and contrastive other TERM 2 Reasons for distorted image DEFINITION 2 Justify military expansion Lacked real life experiences Scare off competitiors Fame comes from exxagerated tales (Mandeville) Having fear of new experiences (rely of what is familiar) Exciting stories SELL! TERM 3 Why do distorted images persist? DEFINITION 3 Our minds (cognitive processes of thinking) Our motivations The moment (moment in time) Media (influenced by 1st 3) TERM 4 Influences on Images of Others DEFINITION 4 Culture Minds Motivation Moment in time Media TERM 5 Culture like ice berg DEFINITION 5 On surface - artifacts (food, religious icons, etc) Right under surface Values & beliefs (what we dont see) Under surface underlying assumptions (usually reason for any conflict) TERM 6 Our minds; cognitive misers DEFINITION 6 o Idea that our minds strive to be efficient even if not aware of it want to place in boxes or minds would be too chaotic Need to make predictions o Tell us how to behave Desirable to personalize, simplify o Put personal emblems on other nations & give personality TERM 7 When faced with new info, people DEFINITION 7 o Accommodate (change existing perception) o Assimilate (take only what fits or distort the image to fit) minds prefer to assimilate TERM 8 Factors in whether one will accommodate or take in new info DEFINITION 8 o Goals and motivations (Travel, job, etc.) o Source credibility (who gave new info?) If feel credible may want to change mind more o Personality Some genetically more open-minded o Level of anxiety Uncertainty (level of knowledge) links to anxiety (emotional response) High uncertainty = high anxiety = less open to changing our existing perceptions TERM 9 Social Identity Theory (SIT) DEFINITION 9 o All want to feel good about selves personal identity (Unique to others) && social group identity People seek identity personal social o Creates stable envir., sense of self Emotional attachments in necessary We have innate desire for positive self-evalulation. Because part of identity is linked to groups, the success of failure of our groups can affect self-esteem. TERM 10 Moment: SITUATION ex DEFINITION 10 o Amanda Knox trial Italy is in US media coverage for a moment Didnt receive fair trial proscutors inept corrupt system TERM 21 Media are the center of the changes that are driving globalization DEFINITION 21 o Media technology (if the majority of the media are made in hollywood & they go around the world then others will get appetites for western culture) o Media industry leaders o Media content TERM 22 Global Village DEFINITION 22 Shared meanings and values (we are all a village still want the same things) Global collective memory (Olympics, Princess Diana, etc.) o Share something in common by sharing these huge events Shared sense of fate and global consciousness (this world is OURS to protect not just one nations tech allows us to see it & also do something about it) Development of large cosmopolitan class (allows people with shared beliefs to communicate around globe - & bring back info) Global products to maintain local diversity (game shows, sitcoms, reality shows make format adapted to local cult ex: American Idol but changed in different countries) TERM 23 global homogenization DEFINITION 23 Starbucks or something alike will change cult. Starbucks would ruin caf feel in France Global processes destroy the local e.g. starbucks Western media dominance No national/cultural allegiance: selling only consumer culture Limit/overwhelm content alternatives (hegemony) o People dont have choice to watch something that comes from own country/area US as a symbol of this, as well as dominant exporter at this time TERM 24 Questioning the debates DEFINITION 24 Culture not that fragile (need something more than starbucks or desperate housewives to destroy cult) Many centers (Not just US, many urban centers) Global village too Utopian (doesnt seem to plausible) Audience responses vareis greatly (everybodys approach is different even from person to person) Many countries prefer local fare (need local attachment) DO media really yield that much to power? (on either side of the debate?) TERM 25 Govts Have Many Choices DEFINITION 25 Accept (why? Cheap to put on reruns of shows rather fill airwaves & have something to watch rather than nothing) Reject (censorship but govt cant control everything things slip by or make quotas ex: 50% has to come from country & the rest can come from somewhere else) Adapt (make it more like their cult ex: barbie is more covered in another country but they can buy regular barbie too) TERM 26 Syncretic or syncretism DEFINITION 26 the blending of foreign cultural elements in a way that renders them more intelligible, meaningful, and attractive to the users TERM 27 Global News Flow DEFINITION 27 AFP AP Reuters French American British CNN and BBC broadcast side TERM 28 Media Image that Emerges is Constructed Favoring DEFINITION 28 Politics (may write about Pres going to Japan, not Japan specifically) Economics (crash in banking industry, oil reserves, etc. how is it going to affect usss?) Neighbors (proximity whats going on close to us? Mexico/Canada? ex. Drug violence in Mex, other countries may not have written about it, but we can relate it to US) National involvement domestication Disaster (Chile dramatic news, Haiti) Drama (SELL.) Conflict Prominent nations and people (Tragic plane crash carrying Polish pres & family prominent people on board) TERM 29 The Influence of Media DEFINITION 29 Format medium theory (medium is the message medium is more important than the message appeals to senses in different ways these things dictate what authors/producers choose to write/do - print often opinions) Intervention of tech Commercial pressures Production routines and logistics Journalists themselves TERM 30 News Management Methods DEFINITION 30 Limit or Provide Access o Pres can say no comment o Many military bases off limits to reporters Provide information (PR materials) o Can create interviews that look like theyre just normal ones o Can say that there will be interview in 20 min & know that reporters will go b.c deemed credible source o Some govts will pay millions to make sure there image is the way they want it to be in news coverage Timing of Information o If want something to go unseen might put it out Friday night no one reading paper o If important may put it out Monday morning TERM 31 Pseudo-events DEFINITION 31 staged for attention or distraction o Congressional cafeteria changed name of French fries to Freedom fries to honor troops TERM 32 Sources without accountability DEFINITION 32 o On the record may use this info & quote o Off the record I will interview but do not quote me your ears only o Background- Cannot name the source but can quote o Deep background can use info but cannot site source in any way TERM 33 Language DEFINITION 33 Categorize o War on TERROR, War on DRUGS this is a war o Info gets interpreted for us Connotation o Word choice is vital (are the people Reuters or finders? Were the people a mob? ) o Ex: White people FOUND food in time of turmoil Condensational symbols o This will be another VIETNAM we can call on our idea of what that means Lopsided Labeling o Label others but not self ex: cold war era Chinese/Soviet made weapons but did not say US made weapons Coupling o China coupled with human rights o Columbia with drug use o Repetitious nature creates sterotypes TERM 34 Framing defined as DEFINITION 34 Setting the essence of the issue Emerging from a perceived reality Socially shared TERM 35 Journalistic tools in framing the news DEFINITION 35 Choosing the news angle Selecting the sources Formulating the headline of the story Summing up the main point of the story Choosing the right picture