Impact of US Supreme Court Cases on Religion in Schools and Government Powers, Exams of Public Policy

Download Impact of US Supreme Court Cases on Religion in Schools and Government Powers and more Exams Public Policy in PDF only on Docsity! Which United States Supreme Court holding impacted the way that religious practice was approached in public schools? - ANSWER--Engel v. Vitale (1962) Which of the following correctly pairs a document with a core theme of that document? a) Declaration of Independence - Formed a state- centered government b) Magna Carta - Established the principle of rule of law c) U.S. Constitution - Formed a unitary government d) Articles of Confederation - Established the principle of consent of the governed - ANSWER--b What is the minimum number of members of the U.S. House of Representatives representing each state? - ANSWER--one What is a purpose of civil rights movements? - ANSWER--to secure equalities What is the social contract? - ANSWER--The people give up some liberty to receive governmental protection. What is an example of representation? - ANSWER-- The U.S. Congress passes a law. Who does a U.S. Senator represent? - ANSWER--the residents of a single state Which of the following documents provided a rationale for the Declaration of Independence? - ANSWER--Common Sense What are two natural rights identified in the Declaration of Independence? - ANSWER--life and liberty How many U.S. Senators represent each state? - reflected in the U.S. Constitution's Eighth Amendment? - ANSWER--"That excessive bail ought not to be required . . . nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted;" According to the authors of the Declaration of Independence, who is responsible for protecting natural rights? - ANSWER--the government Who signs proposed bills into federal laws? - ANSWER--the President of the United States How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution currently have? - ANSWER--27 What is an example of a democratic process? - ANSWER--The people elect a Governor. Which phrase from the English Bill of Rights (1689) is reflected in the U.S. Constitution's Third Amendment? - ANSWER-- "That . . . keeping a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace . . . is against law" Which scenario represents a violation of the Equal Protection Clause? - ANSWER--A state law establishes a higher minimum wage for men than for women. Which action is an example of petitioning the government? - ANSWER- -lobbying officials What are the first two paragraphs of the Declaration of Independence called? - ANSWER--the Preamble Which part of government was created to reflect the colonists' position that governments derive their powers from the consent of the governed? - ANSWER--the legislature Which United States Supreme Court decision focused on how states count popular votes for president and vice president? - ANSWER--Bush v. Gore (2000) Which two steps are required in order for someone to become Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court? - ANSWER--nomination by the President, confirmation by the Senate Which structure found in the U.S. Constitution was included as a response to a concern expressed in the Declaration of Independence? - ANSWER-- separation of powers Which United States Supreme Court decision was based on the Equal Protection Clause? - ANSWER-- Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Who has the power to veto bills? - ANSWER--the President ANSWER--The proposed Constitution should be ratified. Which document was adopted by the newly independent United States to organize the national government after declaring independence? - ANSWER--the Articles of Confederation Which is a core theme of the Anti-Federalist Papers? - ANSWER-- Government should support enumerated individual rights. If both the U.S. President and the U.S. Vice President are unable to serve, who acts as president? - ANSWER--the Speaker of the House Which right from the English Bill of Rights is reflected in the U.S. Constitution's First Amendment? - ANSWER--"to petition the king" Who is Commander in Chief of the military? - ANSWER--the President What is one power of the U.S. Senate? - ANSWER-- ratify international treaties What is popular sovereignty? - ANSWER--rule by the people What did the Declaration of Independence do? - ANSWER--declared independence from Great Britain What is the "rule of law"? - ANSWER--No one is above the law. Which of the following pairs of cases impacted First Amendment rights? - ANSWER--Texas v. Johnson (1989) and Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988) How did the U.S. Constitution resolve the dispute between slave and free states over representation? - ANSWER--Three-Fifths Compromise What is the length of a U.S. Representative's elected term? - ANSWER-- two years Which right did the colonists consider "inalienable" in the Declaration of Independence? - ANSWER-- pursuit of happiness Which United States Supreme Court case focused on executive privilege? - ANSWER--U.S. v. Nixon (1974) Which of the following pairs of cases limited the rights of African Americans? - ANSWER--Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) Why did many colonists fight the British during the What is an example of federalism? - ANSWER--the principle that the national and state governments share power What is the first phrase of the U.S. Constitution? - ANSWER--"We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union" What is one chamber of the U.S. Congress? - ANSWER--Senate How did the holding in the United States Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona (1966) impact criminal defendants? - ANSWER--It established that defendants were protected against self-incrimination. How did District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) impact states' rights? - ANSWER--It reduced the ability of states to place restrictions on Second Amendment rights. Which of the following cases reinforced the power of the courts? - ANSWER--Marbury v. Madison (1803) What are the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution called? - ANSWER--the Bill of Rights Which of the following was established by a constitutional amendment? - ANSWER--The President may serve no more than two elected terms. How did the holding in the United States Supreme Court case Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) impact criminal defendants? - ANSWER--It established that defendants had the right to counsel. What is the length of a U.S. Senator's elected term? - ANSWER--six years Which United States Supreme Court case is correctly paired with the constitutional amendment on which it focused? - ANSWER--Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010) - First Amendment Which of the following cases impacted Fourth Amendment protections at the state level? - ANSWER--Mapp v. Ohio (1961) Which United States Supreme Court decision was based on the Necessary and Proper Clause? - ANSWER--McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Based on the U.S. Constitution, which part of government was intended to hold the least power? - ANSWER--the judiciary Which United States Supreme Court decision was