fluoroquinolones Cheat Sheet for nursing, Cheat Sheet of Nursing

Download fluoroquinolones Cheat Sheet for nursing and more Cheat Sheet Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Anti Infectives - Fluoroquinolones Nursing management Favorable Outcomes • Before administering any antibiotic be sure to evaluate the results of the culture and sensitivity test. • Monitor labs and evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment • Monitor vitals and temperature • Complete the entire course of treatment. Do not stop the drug, except on the advice of a primary health care provider, before the course of treatment is completed, even if symptoms improve or disappear. Failure to complete the prescribed course of treatment may result in a return of the infection. • There is a risk with all fluoroquinolone drugs of causing pain, inflammation, or rupture of a tendon. The Achilles tendon is particularly vulnerable. Those 60 years of age and older who take corticosteroids are at greatest risk for tendon rupture. How do they work? “Action” The fluoroquinolones exert their bactericidal effect by interfering with the synthesis of bacterial DNA. This interference prevents cell reproduction, causing death of the bacterial cell (Ford 96) Indications • Lower respiratory infections • Bone and joint infections • Urinary tract infections • Infections of the skin • Sexually transmitted infections Adverse Reactions • Nausea • Diarrhea • Headache • Abdominal pain or discomfort • Dizziness • Photosensitivity Contraindications & Caution • Hypersensitivity • Children younger than 12 or adults older than 60 who are on corticosteroids because of the risk of achilles tendonitis Interactions: • Theophylline: Increased serum theophylline level • Cimetidine: Interferes with elimination of the antibiotic • Oral anticoagulants: Increased risk of bleeding • Antacids, iron salts, or zinc: Decreased absorption of the antibiotic • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Risk of seizure. • A superinfection can develop rapidly and is potentially serious and even life-threatening. Antibiotics can disrupt the normal flora (nonpathogenic bacteria in the bowel), causing a secondary infection or superinfection. This new infection is “superimposed” on the original infection. The destruction of large numbers of nonpathogenic bacteria (normal flora) by the antibiotic alters the chemical environment. This allows uncontrolled growth of bacteria or fungal microorganisms that are not affected by the antibiotic being administered. A superinfection may occur with the use of any antibiotic, especially when these drugs are given for a long time or when repeated courses of therapy are necessary. (Ford 96) Generic Trade Use Dose Cipro Treatment of infections due to susceptible microorganisms 250–750 mg orally q 12 hr; 200–400 mg IV q 12 hr Gemifloxacin Factive Treatment of infections due to susceptible microorganisms 320 mg/day orally Levofloxacin Levaquin Bronchitis and community-acquired pneumonia 250-750 mg/day orally Ciprofloxacin