From Great Paragraphs to Great Essays, 3rd ed. Answer Key, Schemes and Mind Maps of Acting

Download From Great Paragraphs to Great Essays, 3rd ed. Answer Key and more Schemes and Mind Maps Acting in PDF only on Docsity! 1 Activity 10, pages 18–20 Paragraph 5: 1. good supporting sentence, supports the topic sentence by giving a quality of a good restaurant (quality of the food) 2. unrelated sentence, does not talk about qualities of a good restaurant 3. good supporting sentence, supports the topic sentence by giving a quality of a good restaurant (pleasant atmosphere) Paragraph 6: 1. good supporting sentence, supports the topic sentence by explaining what they did in Washington, DC (visit some of the Smithsonian Institution’s museums) 2. good supporting sentence, supports the topic sentence by explaining what they did in Washington, DC. (walk around) 3. unrelated sentence, gives information that does not tell about the trip to Washington, DC Activity 11, page 21 1. fragment, Students encounter an incredible amount of new vocabulary every day as they read English. 2. fragment, Some learners overcome this problem by using flash cards. 3. correct; correct 4. fragment, A flash card is a small card for learning vocabulary. 5. correct; fragment, Learners write the new word on one side of the card, and they write a definition on the other side. 6. fragment, Serious learners study flash cards every day or two to learn new vocabulary. Activity 12, page 22 1. families, correct 2. correct, correct 3. correct, members 4. elders, correct 5. correct, correct 6. caregivers, hours, correct Activities 13–17, pages 23–28 Answers will vary. Activity 18, pages 29–30 Preview Questions Answers will vary. Post-Reading 1. Illegal drug use in cycling 2. The illegal drug use that has plagued the world of professional cycling for decades must be stopped. Great Writing 3: From Great Paragraphs to Great Essays, 3rd ed. Answer Key z Unit 1 Activity 1, page 6 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. a 5. b Activity 2, page 7 Preview Questions Answers will vary. Post-Reading 1. d 2. underline: There are many steps in changing a tire on your car. 3. 8 Activity 3, pages 8–9 1. smartphones, a 2. Nino’s Pizzeria, b 3. dolphins, c 4. snowboarding, a 5. seashells, c Activity 4, page 10 1. b, the drink of choice 2. c, a terrible day at work 3. a, had a wonderful time 4. c, has increased in popularity 5. a, was a catastrophe Activity 5, page 11 Answers will vary. Activity 6, pages 12–13 Answers will vary. Possible answers: Paragraph 2: Not eating breakfast every day can have bad consequences for our body. Paragraph 3: There are six steps for finding a great job. Paragraph 4: There are many different types of acting. Activities 7–9, pages 14–17 Answers will vary. 2 ANSWER KEY z UNIT 2 Activity 1, pages 41–42 Preview Questions Answers will vary. Post-Reading 1. The writer’s purpose is to explain how to prepare to paint a mural. 2. Yes, all sentences in the paragraph are related to the topic. 3. Answers will vary. Activity 2, page 43 Answers will vary. Activity 3, page 45 1. When a person goes shopping, he or she should always look for sales. 2. One should carpool if one wants to save on gas. 3. Doctors warn people that they should “watch what they eat.” 4. Jeff made minestrone soup for dinner. He told his mother that she should wait until it cooled down before eating it. Activity 4, page 46 1. First and/or second, person, informal 2. Third person, formal 3. First person, informal 4. Second person, informal 5. First person, formal Activities 5–7, pages 47–48 Answers will vary. Activity 8, pages 49–50 Preview Questions Answers will vary. Post-Reading 1. A restaurant kitchen can be a very hectic place. 2. The purpose of this paragraph is to describe how a restaurant kitchen can be a very hectic place. 3. The action in a restaurant kitchen never stops. 4. restatement Activity 9, page 50 1. possible answers: chefs, staff, servers, customers, bussers 3. It is unfortunate that these athletes value winning more than their lives. 4. opinion 5. Several professional baseball players in the United States have also been involved in a similar drug controversy. 6. The paragraph is about illegal drug use in cycling, but this sentence is about illegal drug use in baseball. 7. The writer’s main purpose is to tell about illegal drug use in cycling. 8. Answers will vary. Activity 19, pages 31–32 Paragraph 8: Topic sentence: Tsunamis are groups of waves that are born from natural phenomena such as landslides, eruptions from volcanoes, and, most typically, earthquakes. Unrelated sentence: Earthquakes are scarier than tsunamis. Concluding sentence: Answers will vary. Paragraph 9: Topic sentence: There are three varieties of guitars that most musicians play: electric, acoustic, and bass. Unrelated sentence: Bass guitars are fun to play. Concluding sentence: Answers will vary. Activity 20, pages 32–33 1. extra 2. to show 3. to move upward 4. polite 5. very big 6. to end 7. usually bad 8. for your car 9. correctly 10. kill 11. flowers 12. quickly 13. therefore 14. disagreement 15. cannot move 16. very old 17. connection 18. a place 19. without 20. main Activity 21, pages 33–34 1. to 2. seatbelt 3. vehicle 4. become 5. key 6. wide 7. stay 8. on 9. sharp metal 10. of 11. leading 12. face 13. employer 14. in 15. timely Activities 22–23, pages 34–36 Answers will vary. 5 IV. Body Paragraph 3: In the far right corner of the restaurant, a middle-aged man is sitting alone. A. Middle-aged man sitting alone 1. not lonely 2. on cell phone 3. alternating tone 4. drinking coffee V. A–B. Answers are given. Activities 4–5, page 98–99 Answers will vary. Activity 6, pages 100–101 Post-Reading 9–10:30 a.m.: greeted by small, unassuming tour company bus (Fiat); single type of tree (palm tree), short drive away from port; along the coast low, squat buildings, shaded by breathtaking palms 10:30 a.m.–1 p.m.: walking tour in town center; leisurely stroll through the town; buildings were whitewashed and adorned with blue window shutters; porcelain faces with penetrating azure eyes 1 p.m.–end of excursion: old stone path; local eatery; tanned, middle-aged woman who was balancing a big jog of water on her head; late afternoon sun…magical blue shutters of Kaouther’s living room Activity 7, pages 109–110 1. come together 2. clothes 3. for fishing 4. perfect 5. to say softly 6. to fall 7. look 8. little differences 9. to go to a place 10. wait 11. to make a sound 12. speak 13. serious, anxious 14. happy 15. deeply 16. happy 17. sweater 18. modern 19. nervous 20. noise Activity 8, page 110 1. stand 2. happy 3. like 4. potatoes 5. trouble 6. names 7. office 8. to 9. fear 10. pieces 11. remind 12. all 13. from 14. survey 15. with Post-Reading 1. I walk into the restaurant’s dining room and take in all the action — people from all walks of life interacting with each other. 2. four young women, a young couple, five men in their thirties and forties, a middle-aged man Activity 2, pages 94–96 1. Describing a restaurant. 2. It is 8:00 p.m. and I scan the restaurant and take in all the action — people from all walks of life interacting with each other. 3. Paragraph 2: In the left corner of the restaurant are several small round tables, and at this moment, they are all occupied. Paragraph 3: In the center of the dining room things are happening. Paragraph 4: In the far right corner of the restaurant, a middle-aged man is sitting alone. 4. Description of what people do on the weekends. 5. a. Brightly colored career b. cashmere c. top-of-the-line d. lighthearted e. socially rewarding 6. refers back to the job. Activity 3, pages 96–97 I. A–B. Answers are given. C. It is 8:00 p.m., and I scan the restaurant and take in all the action – people from all walks of life interacting with each other. II. Body Paragraph 1: Answer is given. A. Answer is given. 1. laughing 2. telling a joke 3. wearing bright outfits. B. Couple 1. Answer is given 2. playing with her ring 3. tearing her napkin 4. holding his cup III. Body Paragraph 2: Answer is given. A. Five men are sitting around a table. 1. talking and laughing 2. whispering 3. elegantly dressed B. Answer is given. 1. Appear to be having lively discussion 2. All want to add something to the 6 ANSWER KEY Activity 5, pages 125–126 Answers will vary. Activity 6, pages 126–127 Possible answers: 1. comparing; “It is also much farther north than Miami is.” or “We also considered the worst temperatures in both cities.” 2. contrasting; “Conversely, Miami enjoys warm temperatures while having to deal with the threat of hurricanes.” 3. contrasting; “While blizzards affect Chicago, the biggest weather problem for people in Miami is a hurricane.” or “While hurricanes occur less frequently than blizzards, they can cause much more damage. 4. contrasting; Miami, on the other hand, is in the southeastern corner of the United States.” Activity 7, pages 127–128 1. better 2. longer 3. more difficult 4. hottest 5. more casual 6. more quickly 7. most perfect 8. worst Activity 8, page 128 1. no correction 2. more interesting 3. no correction 4. the most important 5. healthier Activity 9, page 129 Answer will vary. Possible answer: I earned my pilot’s license when I was fifteen years old. Activity 10, page 130 1. When 2. Both 3. For example 4. both 5. also 6. as Activity 11, page 131 1. fascinated 2. does 3. is powered by 4. Answers will vary. Possible answer: Just like my real plane, Adam’s model airplane has a wing, which creates lift. 5. Surprisingly, even though the model plane is only five feet long, it flies at about . . . Activity 9, pages 110–112 Answers will vary. z UNIT 5 Activity 1, page 116 The correct answers are 2, 4, 5, 8, and 10. Activity 2, pages 119–121 I. Introduction C. Thesis statement II. B. 1. Location 3. Names of seasons III. A. Chicago B. Miami 2. Temperature IV. Point of comparison A. 3. Effects B. 2. hurricanes V. A. Restate C. opinion Activity 3, pages 121–123 Preview Questions Answers will vary. Post-Reading 1. the number of seasons, the worst temperatures, kinds of severe weather 2. point-by-point 3. circle: People usually have very strong opinions about what constitutes good weather, and one person’s idea of good weather may easily be another person’s weather nightmare. 4. underline: Our discussion centered on three differences between the weather in our two hometowns. Yes. Thesis restated: In the end, my cousin and I learned that each of our climates has its unique characteristics. 5. Answers will vary. 6. opinion; Thus, we believe that the definition of perfect weather depends largely on each person’s preference. Activity 4, page 124 1. Answer is given. 2. consider 3. addition 4. frequently 5. unique 6. threat 7. difference, different 8. perceive 7 Activity 15, pages 133–134 1. cold 2. to increase 3. to expect 4. about 75 5. however 6. to stop 7. unseen 8. important 9. similarly 10. to drop in a pile 11. kind, nice 12. bad 13. a bad dream 14. a part of a plane 15. gasoline 16. something bad 17. to change your routine 18. the opposite 19. wet 20. although Activity 16, pages 134–135 1. strong 2. turn 3. control 4. similar 5. company’s 6. on 7. effects 8. experience 9. have 10. communication 11. of 12. in 13. hit 14. in 15. pivotal Activity 17, pages 135–136 Answers will vary. z UNIT 6 Activity 1, page 141 The correct answers are 1, 2, 5, 7, and 8. Activity 2, pages 143–144 I. A. Hook C. Thesis statement II. Psychological B. Depression III. C. Eye strain IV. A. Low grades C. Reduced concentration V. A. thesis C. opinion Activity 3, pages 145–147 Preview Questions Answers will vary. Post-Reading 1. causes 2. underline: University administrators call it “retention,” and it refers to the number of students who choose to stay in college. 6. slower 7. Answers will vary. Possible answer: I was surprised at how similar his model was to the real thing. Activity 12, page 132 Although a (article) real airplane is controlled from within the cockpit while a model plane is controlled with a remote control, to fly / flying (word form) each of our planes requires a similar technique. Consequently, because I know how to fly my real plane, I was easily able to fly the model plane. Both have (subject-verb agreement) a throttle that controls the speed of the plane. Both use (verb tense) a rudder on the vertical tail fin that steers the plane left and right while in the air. Also, both use ailerons on the wings that bank the plane to the left or to the right. Both use wheels to taxi to the runway on the ground. In fact, in a real plane, the same foot pedals steer (verb tense) the plane left and right while in the air and guide the plane left and right while on the ground. Similarly, the (article) same left-right motion on the remote control moves (passive voice) both the rudder and the wheels. Activity 13, page 132 1. delighted 2. experience 3. by 4. realized 5. similar 6. to 7. airplanes 8. a real plane 9. requires 10. it operates 11. on 12. this Activity 14, page 133 1. radio-controlled model airplanes and real airplanes 2. point-by-point 3. Possible answer: I earned my pilot’s license when I was fifteen years old. 4. Thesis statement: I was pleasantly surprised to find that the experience of flying a model plane is remarkably similar to piloting a real plane. Yes. Restated thesis: I was delighted to discover that I could experience the wonder and thrill of flight by flying a model airplane. 5. the basic physics of flight of a model airplane and a real airplane 6. opinion; I was glad to share this amazing experience with my good friend. 10 ANSWER KEY the great foods they are eating, and the amazing experiences. Traveling alone can have other benefits as well. Single travelers are more likely to meet others while on vacation. They do not have anyone else to worry about, so they are free to strike up conversations with strangers. Many single travelers love the solitary adventure and say that they learn a lot about themselves while traveling. Activity 13, page 184 1. forms 2. People 3. who 4. vacations 5. want 6. their 7. are solitary 8. choose 9. choice 10. everyone Activity 14, page 184 1. travel 2. travel companions 3. underline: On hearing the word vacation, most people react positively. 4. circle: Vacations can be classified on the basis of travel partners. Yes. Restated Thesis: Different forms of travel are available for everyone. 5. Traveling with friends can be an unforgettable experience. 6. opinion; Whatever the personality, there is a travel choice for everyone. Activity 15, page 185 1. duties, jobs 2. important 3. to make clear 4. currently 5. usually cost 6. assistance 7. to put in order 8. to connect 9. almost dead 10. experienced 11. a trip 12. to practice 13. not important 14. correctly 15. to change 16. negative 17. not surprising 18. $500 19. to not eat lunch 20. a story Activity 16, page 186 1. to 2. of 3. from 4. specific 5. get 6. course 7. on 8. fight 9. into 10. destination 11. conversation 12. on 13. get 14. on 15. traveler Activity 17, page 187 Answers will vary. 3. A gift was given to John by Ursula. 4. The forest near our home was destroyed by fire. Activity 8, page 180 1. was driven, correct 2. who teaches 3. correct, correct 4. that is located / which is located 5. correct, correct 6. correct, are sent 7. correct. that is felt 8. is said Activity 9, page 181 Answers will vary. Possible answer: It can be a long weekend, a spontaneous getaway, or a trip around the world. Activity 10, page 182 1. If 2. Another 3. For example/For instance 4. Finally 5. For example/For instance 6. Regardless of Activity 11, pages 182–183 1. Omit the sentence. 2. Possible answer: Because each person is paying for himself or herself, transportation costs tend to be lower as well. 3. who 4. easier 5. Indeed 6. is created 7. good Activity 12, pages 183–184 Finally, people can choose to travel alone. It takes a special person to feel comfortable doing this. This type of individual feels comfortable being alone and having limited company. As for transportation, single travelers are often the luckiest travelers. They have more chances of getting plane seats on stand-by, and sometimes their seats are upgraded to first class. This would be impossible to do with a larger group. Sightseeing is also not a problem for single travelers. They can choose to wake up late in the day, sightsee at night, or skip lunch if they feel like it. Conversely, they might experience feelings of loneliness from not being able to talk to someone else about the wonderful things they are seeing, 11 bushes. Officer Jenkins saw one of the robbers and grabbed him. The police officer said, “All right, come with me. Now we have you!” As the police officer was taking away this criminal, the robber looked back at the other bush and said, “Hey, come on, Mike! They’ve caught us!” Activity 5, page 206 PARAGRAPH 27 Facts about the Month of September September is the ninth month of the year. However, the word September comes from the Latin word septem, which means “seven.” This disparity between seven and nine is because long ago, a different calendar was used in which September was indeed the seventh month. When Julius Caesar, leader of Rome, redid the calendar, he designated September as the ninth month. Activity 6, page 207 PARAGRAPH 28 A Summary of A Tale of Two Cities Charles Dickens published his great work A Tale of Two Cities in 1859. “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness . . .” With these famous lines, Charles Dickens opens this dramatic story, which tells of life in Paris and London at the time of the French Revolution. This famous Dickens novel describes life in one of the world’s most chaotic times. Punctuation Activities Activity 1, page 208 1. Wow, I cannot believe how tall you are! 2. Is Abigail going to take her dog for a walk? 3. Make sure you brush your teeth before you go to bed. 4. How many people are going to the circus? 5. Rick leaned the guitar against the wall. Activity 2, page 208 Answers will vary. Activity 3, page 209 1. For the past three years, Jeff has been the IT Manager for a large medical office. 2. Despite the foul weather, we had a remarkably smooth flight. 3. My favorite vegetables are broccoli, carrots, and corn. 4. Ron’s favorite vegetables are summer squash and green beans. Brief Writer’s Handbook with Activities Capitalization Activities Activity 1, page 205 1. Two months that are more than thirty days long are March and July. 2. Why does February never have thirty days? 3. In the original calendar by the Romans, September was the seventh month. 4. The month of August was named for Caesar Augustus. 5. The word April can be the name of a month or a girl. Activity 2, page 205 1. Union, Soviet 2. September 3. Ankara 4. Answers will vary, but the first letter of each word must be capitalized. 5. Neil Armstrong 6. World War I (or WWI) 7. Answers will vary, but the first letter of each word must be capitalized. 8. South Korea 9. June, July, August 10. Answers will vary, but the first letter of each word must be capitalized. Activity 3, page 205 1. The Causes of War 2. Some Common Reasons for Leaving College 3. The Beatles’ Contribution to Rock Music 4. My First Day Working at a Restaurant 5. The Impact of High Gasoline Prices 6. A Comparison of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 7. The Damaging Effects of a Tsunami 8. Why I Want to Attend Oxford University Activity 4, page 206 PARAGRAPH 26 Not Smart Enough to Be a Robber One night, two guys decided to rob a small store. They got inside the store and began to put things in a bag. Officer Jenkins was driving his car by the store at that very moment. Suddenly, the robbers saw the police car coming near the store. They rushed outside, but they did not have time to escape. There were two big bushes near the window, so each robber went behind one of the 12 ANSWER KEY 4. When my English friend speaks of a “heat wave” just because the temperature reaches over 80°, I have to laugh because I come from Thailand, where we have sunshine most of the year. The days when we have to dress warmly are certainly few, and some people wear shorts outside almost every month of the year. 5. The directions on the package read, “Open carefully. Add contents to one glass of warm water. Drink just before bedtime.” Activity 6, page 211 1. Mark and Kathy originally met in California; they moved to Texas two years ago. 2. The test was easy; everyone passed it. 3. Chicken is required for chicken noodle soup; celery is not. 4. Two-story houses have stairs in them; ranches do not. Activity 7, page 212 Answers will vary. Activity 8, page 212 PARAGRAPH 29 Lawn Care Taking care of your lawn can be rather simple. First, if you live in an arid climate, you must water your lawn once a week. In addition, it is important to fertilize your lawn three to four times a year. You must also put weed preventer on your lawn in the fall and in the spring. Also, make sure you mow your lawn once a week; however, make sure you do not cut it too short. Following these simple steps can mean the difference between an average lawn and a great lawn. Activity 9, page 212 PARAGRAPH 30 Healthy Choices There are many healthy alternatives to children’s ideas of traditional desserts. For example, instead of eating ice cream, people can eat frozen yogurt, which is lower in both fat and calories. Rice cakes make a great afternoon snack. Cut-up vegetables can also make a great midday snack. To satisfy their sweet tooth, people can drink a can of iced tea without sugar, which has zero calories, instead of iced tea with sugar, which may have up to 200 calories per serving. By making minor improvements in what we eat and drink, we can significantly improve our health. 5. Tomorrow afternoon, I plan on going biking and swimming. 6. First, make sure you clean your room. 7. Spain, France, and Italy are fun countries to visit. 8. Without their ability to use sonar, bats would not be able to fly at night. 9. The lion, which is often referred to as the king of the jungle, is a ferocious hunter. 10. Because of his broken arm, Emanuel will not be able to play tennis tomorrow. 11. As part of their vacation, Ben, Mike, and Adam went to visit the village of Tomok. 12. The restaurant is very large and can seat more than 300 people at once. 13. Ellen and Steven’s anniversary is April 26th, the same day as Jeff ’s birthday. 14. My brother who lives in Morocco has straight hair. (I have several brothers.) 15. My brother, who lives in Kazakhstan, has curly hair. (I have only one brother.) 16. That laptop is the lightest one that I have ever held. 17. Venezuela produces a great deal of oil, so it is a member of OPEC. 18. Sun Cash Coffee Shop, which has hundreds of locations, just opened a new one down the street. 19. When you go to bed, make sure you turn off all the lights. Activity 4, page 210 1. I am going to Stephanie’s house tonight. 2. My three friends’ children are all well behaved. 3. Both airlines’ logos consist of a dark blue wing with multiple stars. 4. Many people have said that it can’t be done. 5. The children’s toys were strewn all over the floor. Activity 5, page 211 1. As I walked past the room, I heard the teacher say, “Be sure to turn in your homework tomorrow.” 2. According to research published in the Ultimate Medical Guide, “19.6% of people do not brush their teeth on a daily basis.” (p. 75) I find that statistic hard to believe. 3. My wife says that I should buy her flowers once a week. I told her that would be fine as long as I could pay with her credit card. 15 Practice 6, Unit 2, page 236 A. Another category is the nonfiction movie. B. This popular movie style tells the story of a real person—living or dead—or an event. C. Perhaps the most famous example of this type of film is Titanic. Practice 7, Unit 3, page 237 A. In my entire life, I have never witnessed an environmental disaster like the disappearing South Aral Sea. B. I breathed deeply and tasted the salty remnants of the ocean. C. The environmental disaster of the South Aral Sea will stay with me forever. Practice 8, Unit 3, pages 237–238 A. Another similarity between the two is the importance of dedication. B. Good writers spend hours each day developing their language skills to enhance their writing. C. Finally, people in both professions hope to entertain their audience. Practice 9, Unit 3, page 238 A. In many countries around the world, fireworks are used to commemorate special occasions. B. Mexicans celebrate Independence Day on September 16th with parades, fairs, fireworks, and rodeos. C. People across the world use spectacular fireworks in a variety of ways. Practice 10, Unit 4, pages 238–239 A. I walk into the restaurant’s dining room and take in all the action. B. At one table, I can see a group of four young women. C. Although he is alone, he is definitely not lonely. Practice 11, Unit 4, page 239 A. Our travel group landed on shore at 9 a.m. and was greeted by a small and unassuming tour company bus. B. After a short drive away from the port, we entered the resort area. C. I immediately noticed the prevailing colors: blue and white. APPENDIX 1 BUILDING BETTER SENTENCES NOTE: The answers here may vary somewhat. It is important for students to discuss any variations with the teacher or classmates to determine if these variations are indeed possible. Practice 1, Unit 1, page 233 A. Answer is given. B. Plays are performed in many different venues—from large halls to small theaters. C. The third type of acting is film acting. Practice 2, Unit 1, page 234 A. There are certain qualities that are typical of good restaurants. B. A good restaurant also uses fresh ingredients in its dishes. C. They pay attention to details such as the decor, lighting, and cleanliness. Practice 3, Unit 1, pages 234–235 A. One of my greatest vacations was spent in Washington, DC. B. These museums were gigantic, with elaborate marble floor and pillars C. Clearly, Washington, DC has a lot to offer its visitors. Practice 4, Unit 2, page 235 A. A restaurant kitchen can be a very hectic place. B. Maintaining this constant flow of traffic in the kitchen is a complicated juggling act. C. The action in a restaurant kitchen never stops. Practice 5, Unit 2, pages 235–236 A. Cleaning your room is not difficult if you follow some simple guidelines. B. It is important to wash your clothes with good-quality laundry detergent to keep them looking neat and clean. C. The final step is to mop or vacuum the floor, depending on its surface. 16 ANSWER KEY Practice 17, Unit 6, page 243 A. Young people often begin bullying because they want to control those who are weaker than they are. B. Another reason that some kids bully other children is to establish a well-known identity in school. C. Finally, some children become bullies to get attention. Practice 18, Unit 6, pages 243–244 A. In fact, there are physical, psychological, and social benefits to living a healthy lifestyle. B. Another physical benefit that people notice is healthier looking skin. C. Eating healthy gives your body the nutrients it needs for radiant skin and strong muscles. Practice 19, Unit 7, page 244 A. Perhaps the best-known type of acting is television acting. B. This type of acting generally takes the form of television programs that are produced on studio lots. C. Film acting begins with a screenplay, which includes all the written information about the set and the actors’ dialogs, and grows into a movie. Practice 20, Unit 7, pages 244–245 A. During this time, listeners had to imagine the sets, the scenery, and even the physical form of the performers. B. Rehearsing for stage acting can take months because all the actors must memorize their lines. C. Because it is not a live performance, directors may request that an actor repeat a scene until they are happy with the results. Practice 21, Unit 7, page 245 A. The success of a trip often depends on the relationship that the family members have with one another. B. A special closeness is created during the trip. C. They have more chances of getting plane seats on stand-by, and sometimes their seats are upgraded to first class. Practice 12, Unit 4, page 240 A. According to several recent surveys, the biggest fear of most people is their fear of making a speech in public. B. More than a fear of spiders or death, public speaking is something that often causes people to break out into a cold sweat, start shaking uncontrollably, and even feel as though they are about to die. C. Many people are unaware that the fear of speaking in front of others can be overcome by visualization exercises, deep breathing, and preparedness. Practice 13, Unit 5, pages 240–241 A. Chicagoans enjoy summer, fall, winter, and spring weather. B. On average, the high temperature reaches only around 32 degrees Fahrenheit, and the low each night goes down to about 20 degrees Fahrenheit. C. Finally, they worry about different weather problems. Practice 14, Unit 5, page 241 A. Chicagoans’ biggest weather fear is a blizzard. B. For instance, Hurricane Andrew destroyed large parts of the city of Miami in 1992. C. In the end, my cousin and I learned that each of our climates has its unique characteristics. Practice 15, Unit 5, pages 241–242 A. I was delighted to discover that I could experience the wonder and thrill of flight by flying a model airplane. B. Both models and real planes have similar controls. C. I was glad to share this amazing experience with my good friend. Practice 16, Unit 6, page 242 A. University administrators call it “retention,” and it refers to the number of students who choose to stay in college. B. This, unfortunately, leads many students to drop out of college because of a shortage of funds. C. These individuals are away from home for the first time and living with strangers.