Memory Processes: Encoding, Storage, Retrieval, and Forgetting, Slides of Public Health

Download Memory Processes: Encoding, Storage, Retrieval, and Forgetting and more Slides Public Health in PDF only on Docsity! Thanks for the memories Functional aspects of memory docsity.com Outline • Learning objectives • Memory concepts • Levels of processing • Storage: maintaining information • Retrieval • Forgetting • Memory breakdown • Improving memory • Conclusions docsity.com Levels of processing • Sensory encoding - most superficial: sensory stores “buffer” registers; 200ms. Eidetic; echoic registers. • Attentional theory of remembering. – Structural encoding – Phonemic encoding – Semantic encoding docsity.com Storage: maintaining information • Information-processing models of memory input Sensory store attention rehearsal Short-term (Working) memory storage retrieval Long-term memory docsity.com Schematic of working memory CLC MOO (STUD | | Visuo-spatial sketchpad Forgetting • Forgetting is rapid for meaningless data ~35% retention after 1 day. • Why? – Ineffective encoding – Trace decay – Interference (retroactive / pro-active) – Retrieval failure. docsity.com Memory breakdown • Amnesia - memory loss. – Retrograde amnesia: loss of memories for events prior to injury – Anterograde amnesia: loss of memories for events following injury. • Do not confuse loss of content storage/ recall with loss of ability to follow procedure. • Implicit memory (retention when remembering not intended), mostly unaffected by amnesia. Suggests different memory systems involved. • Declarative (fact) vs. Procedural (skill) memory docsity.com Improving memory • Adequate rehearsal • Distributed practice • Minimize interference • Use deep processing • Emphasize transfer-appropriate processing • Enrich encoding with verbal mnemonics • Enrich encoding with visual imagery • Organize information docsity.com