Fundamentals of Proteins Structure - Biochemistry - Lecture Slides, Slides of Biochemistry

Download Fundamentals of Proteins Structure - Biochemistry - Lecture Slides and more Slides Biochemistry in PDF only on Docsity! i —= ff. —_— ee 1! SS . A et Fundamentals of Protein Structure Be eT e Docsity.com Our life is maintained by molecular network systems Molecular network system in a cell Docsity.com 20 Amino acids Glycine (G) Glutamic acid (E) Asparatic acid (D) Methionine (M) Threonine (T) Serine (S) Glutamine (Q) Asparagine (N) Tryptophan (W) Phenylalanine (F) Cysteine (C) Proline (P) Leucine (L) Isoleucine (I) Valine (V) Alanine (A) Histidine (H) Lysine (K) Tyrosine (Y) Arginine (R) White: Hydrophobic, Green: Hydrophilic, Red: Acidic, Blue: Basic Docsity.com Proteins are linear polymers of amino acids R1 NH3 ＋ C CO H R2 NH C CO H R3 NH C CO H R2 NH3 ＋ C COO ー H ＋ R1 NH3 ＋ C COO ー H ＋ H2O H2O Peptide bond Peptide bond The amino acid sequence is called as primary structure A A F N G G S T S D K A carboxylic acid condenses with an amino group with the release of a water Docsity.com Amino acid sequence is encoded by DNA base sequence in a gene ・ C G C G A A T T C G C G ・ ・ G C G C T T A A G C G C ・ DNA molecule ＝ DNA base sequence Docsity.com Gene is protein’s blueprint, genome is life’s blueprint Genome Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Gene Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Glycolysis network Docsity.com 3 billion base pair => 6 G letters & 1 letter => 1 byte The whole genome can be recorded in just 10 CD-ROMs! In 2003, Human genome sequence was deciphered! Genome is the complete set of genes of a living thing. In 2003, the human genome sequencing was completed. The human genome contains about 3 billion base pairs. The number of genes is estimated to be between 20,000 to 25,000. The difference between the genome of human and that of chimpanzee is only 1.23%! Docsity.com Each Protein has a unique structure Amino acid sequence NLKTEWPELVGKSVEE AKKVILQDKPEAQIIVL PVGTIVTMEYRIDRVR LFVDKLDNIAEVPRVG Folding! Docsity.com Hierarchical nature of protein structure Primary structure (Amino acid sequence) ↓ Secondary structure （α-helix, β-sheet） ↓ Tertiary structure （Three-dimensional structure formed by assembly of secondary structures） ↓ Quaternary structure （Structure formed by more than one polypeptide chains） Docsity.com Close relationship between protein structure and its function enzyme A B A Binding to A Digestion of A! enzyme Matching the shape to A Hormone receptor Antibody Example of enzyme reaction enzyme substrates Docsity.com Protein structure prediction has remained elusive over half a century “Can we predict a protein structure from its amino acid sequence?” Now, impossible! Docsity.com