Science 10 Reproductive System (Part 1), Slides of Anatomy

Download Science 10 Reproductive System (Part 1) and more Slides Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity! The Reproductive System Male and Female Reproductive System Parts of Male Reproductive System Ureter Urinary Blader Body Rectum Cavity Seminal Vesicle Erectile Tissue / Prostate Gland Urethra Glans Penis  The Mature Sperm Cell So Acrosome Mature Sperm Cell —_—_— Piece | Qa——— Head Qwith nucleus inside) oa Mitochondria • Production and Delivery of Sperm • A sexually mature male produces an astounding number of sperm—typically, hundreds of millions each day! Sperm production usually continues uninterrupted until death, although the number and quality of sperm decline during later adulthood. • Spermatogenesis • The process of producing mature sperm is called spermatogenesis. Sperm are produced in the seminiferous tubules of the testes and become mature in the epididymis. The entire process takes about 9 to 10 weeks. Female Reproductive System Fallopian Ovary Fimbriae Tube ; Urinary Bladder Pubic ~ 8 Bone h Nie CC Cervix Clitoris Labium V i Majora agina • External Structures • The external female reproductive structures are referred to collectively as the vulva. They include the labia (singular, labium), which are the “lips” of the vulva. The labia protect the vagina and urethra, both of which have openings in the vulva. Development Before Birth Unlike males, females are not influenced by the male sex hormone testosterone during embryonic development. This is because they lack a Y chromosome. As a result, females do not develop male reproductive organs. By the third month of fetal development, most of the internal female organs have formed. Immature eggs also form in the ovary before birth. Whereas a mature male produces sperm throughout his life, a female produces all the eggs she will ever make before birth. Menarche One of the most significant changes in females during puberty is menarche. Menarche is the beginning of menstruation, or monthly periods. Egg Production At birth, a female’s ovaries contain all the eggs she will ever produce. However, the eggs do not start to mature until she enters puberty. After menarche, one egg typically matures each month until a woman reaches middle adulthood. Oogenesis The process of producing eggs in the ovary is called oogenesis. Eggs, like sperm, are haploid cells, and their production occurs in several steps that involve different types of cells, • Ovulation and Fertilization • After 12–14 days, when the follicle is mature, it bursts open, releasing the secondary oocyte from the ovary. The follicle, now called a corpus luteum, starts to degenerate, or break down. After the secondary oocyte leaves the ovary, it is swept into the nearby fallopian tube by the waving, fringelike end  • If the secondary oocyte is fertilized by a sperm as it is passing through the fallopian tube, it completes meiosis and forms a mature egg and another polar body. (The polar bodies break down and disappear.) If the secondary oocyte is not fertilized, it passes into the uterus as an immature egg and soon disintegrates.  Fallopian tube rere —— a