Gender Development and Socialization: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Developmental Psychology

Download Gender Development and Socialization: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Developmental Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Gender Self-Socialization DEFINITION 1 Process through which children's biases to behave in accord with their gender identity is strengthened by their greater attention to and involvement with entities and activities deemed appropriate to their gender. TERM 2 Cognitive Development Theory Stages DEFINITION 2 Identity, Stability, Constancy TERM 3 Affiliation DEFINITION 3 The tendency to affirm connection with others through being emotionally open, empathetic, or cooperative. TERM 4 Assertion DEFINITION 4 One's attempts to exert influence over the environment; the tendency to take action of behalf of the self through competitive, independent, or aggressive behaviors. TERM 5 Masculine Role DEFINITION 5 Role that stresses self-assertion over interpersonal affiliation; emphasis on independence, competition, and task orientation TERM 6 Feminine Role DEFINITION 6 Role that stresses affiliation over assertion, emphasis on interpersonal sensitivity, showing support and affection. TERM 7 Collaboration DEFINITION 7 A blending of the assertion and affiliation styles of behavior associated with gender role flexibility; more common among girls than among boys. TERM 8 Androgens DEFINITION 8 A class of hormones that normally occur at higher levels in males than in females and that affect physical development and functioning from the prenatal period onward. For example, testosterone. TERM 9 Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia DEFINITION 9 A condition in which the adrenal glands produce high levels of hormones that have androgen-like effects. TERM 10 Organizational Influences DEFINITION 10 The potential result of certain sex-linked hormones affecting brain differentiation and organization during prenatal development or at puberty. TERM 21 Ingroup Assimilation DEFINITION 21 Process whereby individuals are socialized to conform to the group's norms, demonstrating the characteristics that define the ingroup. TERM 22 Social Cognitive Theory DEFINITION 22 Kay Bussey & Albert Bandura: Triadic model of reciprocal causation among personal factors, environmental factors, and behavior patterns. Learning occurs through tuition, enactive experience, or modeling. TERM 23 Tuition DEFINITION 23 Learning about gender through direct teaching. TERM 24 Enactive Experience DEFINITION 24 Learning about gender through experiencing the reactions one's behavior evokes in others. TERM 25 Modeling DEFINITION 25 Learning through observing other people such as parents, teachers, peer, media. TERM 26 Self Efficacy DEFINITION 26 Sense of personal agency gained when children positively evaluate themselves which develops through modeling, practice, and social persuasion. TERM 27 Gender-Essentialist Statements DEFINITION 27 Statements about males and females that imply that the descriptions and characterizations contained therein generally apply to all members of the gender in question and always will. TERM 28 Opportunity Structure DEFINITION 28 The economic resources offered by the macrosystem in Brofenbrenner's bioecological model, and people's understanding of these resources. TERM 29 Social Role Theory DEFINITION 29 Theory that different expectations for each gender stem from the division of labor between men and women in a given society. TERM 30 Gender Segregation DEFINITION 30 Children's tendency to associate with same-gender peers and avoid other-gender peers. Increases steadily until age 6 and then remains stable through childhood. TERM 31 Gender-Role Intensification DEFINITION 31 Heightened concerns with adhering to traditional gender roles. TERM 32 Gender-Role Flexibility DEFINITION 32 Advances in cognitive development that can allow adolescents to transcend traditional conventions and pursue a more flexible range of interests. TERM 33 Effect Size DEFINITION 33 The magnitude of similarity and difference between groups TERM 34 Trivial Effect Size DEFINITION 34 Effect size when two distributions overlap more than 85% TERM 35 Small Effect Size DEFINITION 35 Effect size when distributions overlap between 67% and 85%