Gender Stratification - Basics of Sociology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Introduction to Sociology

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Gender Stratification Inequalities by Gender Docsity.com First things first SEX GENDER Docsity.com First things first SEX Physical and biological differences of the body • Genitals • Reproductive organs • Breasts vs. chest • Muscle mass/ body type • Facial hair • Sound of voice GENDER Psychological, Social and Cultural difference between men and women Docsity.com First things first SEX Physical and biological differences of the body • Genitals • Reproductive organs • Breasts vs. chest • Muscle mass/ body type • Facial hair • Sound of voice GENDER Psychological, Social and Cultural difference between men and women • The ways in which we are expected to think and act • Different roles & identities • Society  self • Society  gender Docsity.com Nature vs Nurture SEX GENDER Docsity.com Nature vs Nurture SEX Biology Behavior Differences between men & women are biologically determined GENDER Society  behavior Differences between men & women are socially created • Debate: How much learning is there about gender identity? To what degree is it one over the other? Docsity.com Nature vs Nurture men take part in warfare Docsity.com Nature vs Nurture men take part in warfare • Men are biologically more aggressive Docsity.com Nature vs Nurture men take part in warfare • Men are biologically more aggressive • Male sex hormones – Testosterone – Propensity to violence • Men -physically stronger • Identical twins – Hormones  behavior Docsity.com Nature vs Nurture men take part in warfare • Men are biologically more aggressive • Male sex hormones – Testosterone – Propensity to violence • Men -physically stronger • Identical twins – Hormones  behavior Docsity.com Nature vs Nurture men take part in warfare • Men are biologically more aggressive • Male sex hormones – Testosterone – Propensity to violence • Men -physically stronger • Identical twins – Hormones  behavior • Nature–data on animals Docsity.com Nature vs Nurture men take part in warfare • Men are biologically more aggressive • Male sex hormones – Testosterone – Propensity to violence • Men -physically stronger • Identical twins – Hormones  behavior • Nature–data on animals • Women spend time to care for children • Neglect vital role of social interaction – Not readily available to take part in warfare • Behavior  hormones Docsity.com Nature vs Nurture men take part in warfare • Nature–data on animals • Women spend time to care for children • Neglect vital role of social interaction – Not readily available to take part in warfare • Behavior  hormones Docsity.com Gender Socialization • Born with SEX  develop GENDER • Biologically determined Culturally produced Docsity.com Gender Socialization • Born with SEX  develop GENDER • Biologically determined Culturally produced • Learn gender roles  Agents of Socialization – Socialized into different roles – Gender interaction with others • Begins at Birth – Assigned gender  physical characteristics – Dressed in gender differentiating clothing Docsity.com Gender Socialization • Born with SEX  develop GENDER • Biologically determined Culturally produced • Learn gender roles  Agents of Socialization – Socialized into different roles – Gender interaction with others • Begins at Birth – Assigned gender  physical characteristics – Dressed in gender differentiating clothing – Once marked everyone treats us accordingly Docsity.com Social Construction of Gender • Sex and Gender  socially constructed products – Gender  purely social creation – No fixed essence to gender Docsity.com Social Construction of Gender Findings from other cultures Docsity.com Social Construction of Gender Findings from other cultures • Margaret Mead -- Studied 3 Tribes • Papa New Guinea Docsity.com Social Construction of Gender Findings from other cultures • Margaret Mead -- Studied 3 Tribes • Papa New Guinea • First Tribe – Similar to that of Western Society – Both sexes were passive – Emotionally responsive Docsity.com Social Construction of Gender Findings from other cultures • Margaret Mead -- Studied 3 Tribes • Papa New Guinea • First Tribe – Similar to that of Western Society – Both sexes were passive – Emotionally responsive • Second Tribe – Both sexes were aggressive – Cruel, especially to children – Suspicious of outsiders • Third Tribe – Roles were reversed – Women were tough and had guts – Men – carved and painted • Gossiped • Tamper tantrums Docsity.com Social Construction of Gender Findings from other cultures • Margaret Mead -- Studied 3 Tribes • Papa New Guinea • First Tribe – Similar to that of Western Society – Both sexes were passive – Emotionally responsive • Second Tribe – Both sexes were aggressive – Cruel, especially to children – Suspicious of outsiders • Third Tribe – Roles were reversed – Women were tough and had guts – Men – carved and painted • Gossiped • Tamper tantrums NO UNIVERSALITY in gender differences Docsity.com Social Construction of Gender Findings from other cultures • Margaret Mead -- Studied 3 Tribes • Papa New Guinea • First Tribe – Similar to that of Western Society – Both sexes were passive – Emotionally responsive • Second Tribe – Both sexes were aggressive – Cruel, especially to children – Suspicious of outsiders • Third Tribe – Roles were reversed – Women were tough and had guts – Men – carved and painted • Gossiped • Tamper tantrums NO UNIVERSALITY in gender differences CULTURE, not biology Docsity.com