Download General Chemistry Cheat Sheet and more Cheat Sheet Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! GENERAL CHEMISTRY REFERENCE SHEET 5/2/14 Common Metric Prefixes and Units Unit Symbol Conversions meter m 1 m = 39.37 inches centimeter cm 1 inch = 2.54 cm exactly Angstrom Å 1 Å = 1 x 10-10 m gram g 1 g = 0.002205 lb liter L 1 L = 1000 cm3 = 1.056710 qt Kelvin K K = oC + 273.15 kilo k 103 deci d 10-1 centi c 10-2 milli m 10-3 micro µ 10-6 nano n 10-9 pico p 10-12 Nomenclature Common Cations Charge Formula Name 1+ H+ hydrogen ion H3O+ hydronium ion Alkali metal+ alkali metal ion NH4+ ammonium ion Ag+ silver ion Cu+ copper(I) 2+ Alkaline earth metal2+ alkaline earth metal ion Zn2+ zinc ion Co2+ cobalt(II) Cu2+ copper(II) Fe2+ iron(II) Mn2+ manganese(II) Hg22+ mercury(I) Hg2+ mercury(II) Ni2+ nickel(II) Pb2+ lead(II) Sn2+ tin(II) 3+ Al3+ aluminum ion Cr3+ chromium(III) Fe3+ iron(III) Common Anions Charge Formula Name 1- H- hydride ion F- fluoride ion Cl- chloride ion Br- bromide ion I- iodide ion CN- cyanide ion OH- hydroxide ion NO3- nitrate NO2- HCO3- nitrite hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate ion HSO4- hydrogen sulfate ion Charge Formula Name 1- ClO4- perchlorate ion ClO3- chlorate ion ClO2- chlorite ion ClO- hypochlorite ion MnO4- permanganate ion H2PO4- dihydrogen phosphate ion C2H3O2- (or CH3COO-) acetate ion 2- O2- oxide ion S2- sulfide ion SO42- sulfate ion SO32- sulfite ion CO32- carbonate ion Cr2O72- dichromate ion HPO42- hydrogen phosphate 3- PO43- phosphate ion Other Compounds Formula Name H2O water NH3 ammonia CH4 methane (natural gas) O3 ozone H2O2 hydrogen peroxide H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 diatomic molecules He, Ne, Ar Noble gases Acids Formula Name HNO3 nitric acid (strong) H2SO4 sulfuric acid (strong) HCl hydrochloric acid (strong) HBr hydrobromic acid (strong) HI hydroiodic acid (strong) HClO4 perchloric acid (strong) H3PO4 phosphoric acid (weak) H2CO3 carbonic acid (weak) HC2H3O2 (or CH3COOH) acetic acid (weak) HF hydrofluoric acid Bases Formula Name NaOH sodium hydroxide (strong) KOH Mg(OH)2 Ca(OH)2 potassium hydroxide (strong) magnesium hydroxide (strong) calcium hydroxide (strong) NH3 ammonia (weak) NR3 other amines (weak)
