General Physics - Final Exam Formulas and Constants Sheet | PHY 007A, Study notes of Physics

Download General Physics - Final Exam Formulas and Constants Sheet | PHY 007A and more Study notes Physics in PDF only on Docsity! Physics 7A Final Exam Formula and Constants Sheet (Separate this sheet from the exam packet. Do not turn it in. You do not need to write your name on this sheet!.) Conservation of Energy: ∑ ∆E (all systems) = Q + W ∆U = Q + W (First Law of Thermodynamics) ∆U = ∆Ethermal + ∆Ebond C = Q/∆T C = dQ/dT C = m • cm = n • cn CV = dEth/dT cp = cv + PdV/dT cp = cv + R (for ideal gas only) ∆Ethermal = C ∆T Ethermal/mode = ½ kB T [on average] Ethermal (total) = (total number of modes) • ½ kBT Ethermal = (# modes / molecule) • ½ n R T Ethermal = (# modes / molecule) • ½ N kB T ∆Ebond = ± | ∆m ∆H | Ebond = Σall pairs (PEpair-wise) EB ≈ ∑ – (total # of n-n pairs) • ε PV = nRT P ∆V = nR ∆T [n & P constant] W = – ∫P(V) dV W = – P ∆V Ω = number of microstates S = kB ln(Ω) dS ≥ dQ/T [for an open system] Q = ∫T dS ΔSsystem = Q/T [T constant] ΔS = C ln(Tf/Ti) ΔSuniverse ≥ 0 [2nd Law of Thermodynamics] ∆PEg = mgE ∆y ∆KE = ½ m ∆(v2) ∆PEmass-spring = ½ k ∆(x2) | F | = | d(PE)/dr | NA = 6.02 x 1023 molecules (or atoms)/mole ! k B =1.38 "10 #23 J K R = NA kB = 8.31 J /K•mole Patm = 1 atm = 105 Pa (= 105 J/m2) gEarth = 10 N/kg 1,000 g = 1 kg 1,000 liters = 1 m3 1 kJ = 1000 J 1 J = 1 Nm = 1 kg m2/s2 Area of rectangle = height • base Area of triangle = ½ • height • base Area of parallelogram = height • base H = U + PV ΔH = Q [at constant pressure] G = H – TS = U + PV – TS ΔG = ΔH - TΔS [at constant T and P] ΔG < 0 if spontaneous ΔG = 0 if in equilibrium ΔG > 0 if not spontaneous