Geometry Vocabulary Cheat Sheet, Cheat Sheet of Geometry

Download Geometry Vocabulary Cheat Sheet and more Cheat Sheet Geometry in PDF only on Docsity! 45 Vocabulary Cheat Sheet Term Definition Example Absolute Value Distance from zero – always positive Read – The absolute value of a # is #. |5| = 5 Acute (Angle) Angle less than 90˚ Addend Numbers being added together Addend + Addend = Sum 5 + 4 = 9 Adjacent (angles) Angles having common sides and common vertex (center point) Algebraic A problem, table, equation that involves a variable 4m + 7 = 24 Analyze Look at data and interpret the results Angle The amount of turn between two straight lines. Meet at a vertex Approximation See Estimation See Estimation Arc Part of the circumference of a circle Area Covers (square units) For specific formulas: See Formula Cheat Sheet 46 Ascending Going up from smallest to largest Assess Evaluate or estimate if something may be true or false given conditions 5 + 3 = 8 ??  True Associative Property of Addition & Multiplication Grouping symbols can be moved without the answer changing (4 x 3) x 2 = 4 x (3 x 2) (4 + 3) + 2 = 4 + (3 + 2) Average See mean Bar Graph Graph using rectangular bars Box-and-Whisker Shows outliers and medians Divides data into 4 parts Bivariate Two variable equation y = 4x + 3 Calculate Solve by applying the four operations Centi- Circumference Distance around a circle 49 Distribution (Data) Data and how often (frequency) it occurs Distributive Property The number on the outside of the parentheses is distributed (multiplied) to the numbers on the inside of the parentheses Dividend Number being divided Dividend ÷ Divisor = Quotient 24 ÷ 8 = 3 Divisor Number dividing Dividend ÷ Divisor = Quotient 24 ÷ 8 = 3 Equation Problem with an equal sign Equivalent Equal Estimate (Estimation) Approximate answer (Around the same number) 3.4 ≈ 3 Evaluate Solve the problem!!!!!! Even Numbers ending in 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 Example: 2, 12, 14, 102 Event A single incident (occurrence) Exponent Shows how many times you multiply a number Expression Problem without an equal sign 4 · 5 50 Exterior Angle Angle measurements outside of a polygon when the lines are extended outside the shape. Factor Number being multiplied Factor x Factor = Product 6 x 5 = 30 Flow Chart Visual diagram that shows each step in evaluating an algebraic expression or equation Formula Recipe for solving a specific type of problem Example: A = l • w Fraction Part of a whole Frequency How often something occurs (usually in a specific time period Function A relationship between inputs and outputs of a specific rule. Every input will provide an output. Greater Than Bigger > Greatest Common Factor (Divisor) (GCF/GCD) Highest number that divides exactly into two or more numbers Hexagon 6 sided figure Horizontal Runs from left to right 51 Hypotenuse The side of a right triangle that is opposite the right angle Identify property of Addition Adding zero to any number keeps the number the same 5 + 0 = 5 Identity Property of Multiplication Multiplying by 1 to any number keeps the number the same 1 x 10 = 10 Improper Fraction Fraction that has a larger number in the numerator than in the denominator Inequality Two values that are not equal (less than, greater than) Inference (Infer) Using data and information to come to a conclusion. You can infer that Coke is the favorite drink Infinite Goes on forever with no end. Not finite Integer All counting numbers, including zero and it’s opposites Example: -1, 0, -5, 7, 250 Interpret Describing the meaning behind the data. Of the 62 votes, 11 people like Pepsi. Intersect When lines, shapes, or data overlap or cross over each other. (Lines intersect or meet at 1 point.) Inverse Opposite operation Multiplication  Divide Division  Multiply Addition  Subtract Subtraction  Add 54 Octagon 8-sided figure Odd Numbers ending in 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 Operation Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide + – x ÷ Opposite Same distance from zero but in the other direction Negative → Opposite = Positive Positve → Opposite = Negative Order of Operations The rules of which calculations come first in an expression or equation (The order we solve a problem) Please Guys Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally Ordered Pairs Two numbers written in parentheses showing the x and y coordinates Origin Where the x-axis and y-axis intersect Point = (0,0) Always start at the origin when plotting points Outlier Value that “lies” outside the other set of data **Either much larger or smaller than the rest of the data Parallel Lines that are always the same distance apart and never touch 55 Parallelogram Quadrilateral that have opposite sides parallel and equal in length. Opposite angles are also equal Pentagon Five-sided polygon Per = 1 Miles PER Hour Percent Part out of 100 /100 100% Percent Decrease The amount the price of an item went down from the original 1. Determine the decreased amount  $5 to $4 = $1 decrease 2. Divide by the old value  $1/$5 = 0.2 3. Convert to a percentage  0.2 x 100 = 20% decrease Percent Error The approximate error in data Percent Increase The amount the price of an item went up from the original 1. Determine the increased amount  $5 to $6 = $1 increase 2. Divide by the old value  $1/$5 = 0.2 3. Convert to a percentage  0.2 x 100 = 20% increase 56 Perfect Cube A whole number created by multiplying it by itself three times - cubing (n3) a whole number (Perfect cubes: 1, 8, 27, 64)) 13 = 1 63 = 216 113 = 1331 23 = 8 73 = 343 123 = 1728 33 = 27 83 = 512 133 = 2197 43 = 64 93 = 729 143 = 2744 53 = 125 103 = 1000 153 = 3375 Perfect Square A whole number created by multiplying it by itself - squaring (n2) a whole number (Perfect squares: 1, 4, 9, 16) Perimeter Distance around an object Perpendicular Lines that form a right angle Pi 3.14 or π Polygon  Multi-Sided closed figure  Must Contain all straight sides Population Whole group from which a sample is taken 59 Rational Number Number that can be made by dividing one integer by another Example: 0.5, 1.73, -15.23, 5/3 Reciprocal Number you multiply another number to get one (1) Rectangle 4 sided figure with right angles and two sets of equal sides Rectangular Prism Solid object that has six (6) sides that are all rectangles Rectangular Pyramid A solid object where:  Base is a rectangle or square  Sides are triangles which meet at the top (Apex) Reflection An image or shape as it would be seen in a mirror (reflects over an area) Regular Polygon All sides and angles are equal Repeating Decimal A fraction that when written as a decimal repeats in a pattern that goes on forever Example: 1/3 = 0.3333333… Right (Angle) Angle that is exactly 90˚ 60 Right Prism A prism that has the bases that line up one on top of the other. (Lateral faces are rectangles) Prisms that can be stacked straight up on top of each other Rotation A circular movement Round (0 – 4) Four or Less  Let it rest (5 – 9) 5 or More  Raise the Score 45.23  45 Scale The ratio of the length of a model to the real thing Scale Drawing A drawing that shows a real object with accurate sizes but they have been reduced or enlarged using a scale Scale Factor The magic number that all of the side lengths of one figure are multiplied by to get all of the side lengths of new figure Scalene Triangle Triangle with all three sides having different lengths Scatter Plot A graph of plotted points that shows the relationship between two sets of data Positive Correlation: Up to the right Negative Correlation: Down to the right No Correlation: Random dots throughout 61 Sequence List of numbers or objects in special order Similar A shape is similar if:  Same Shape  Same Angles  Same Side to Side Ratios  Scale Factor ~ Simplify Reduce a number to make as simple as possible. (No other number other than 1 can go into both numbers. Slope How steep a straight line is y = mx + b Solution Answer to a problem 4 + 3 = 7 Sphere Circular 3-D shape – Like a ball Square 4-sided polygon that has all four sides of equal length and equal 90˚ angles 64 Tree Diagram A diagram to help you determine the probability of an event  Multiply along branches  Add along columns Unique Leading to only one result 4 + 5 = 9 Unit One – single item One Ounce Unit Rate Amount per item (One Item) Variable A letter that represents a number in an equation or expression 5 + x = 15 x is the variable Variability How close or far apart a set of data is Vertical Runs up and down 65 Vertical Angles Vertical angles are angles that are opposite each other when two lines cross  Vertical angles are always congruent Volume The amount of space a 3-dimensional object takes up. **Filling** See Cheat Sheet for Formulas X-axis Line graph that runs horizontally X-Coordinate Horizontal value in a coordinate pair Y-axis Line graph that runs vertically Y-Coordinate Vertical value in a coordinate pair Y-Intercept The point in which the line crosses the y-axis y = mx + b 66