Download Biodiversity, Biogeography, and Ecosystems and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! GES 2613 - Exam 5 Review Biodiversity - ansnumber of different species living in a specific area Biogeography - ansstudy of the distribution of plants and animals in the biosphere over space and time Biomass - anstotal weight of the organic matter in an ecosystem Commensalism - ansone benefits, the other is relatively unaffected Community - ansA group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other Denitrification - ansConversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas Describe what a biome is - anslarge, stable ecosystems classified according to the main vegetation type and the adaptations of its organisms to that environment Desert biome - ans Ecology - ansScientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment Evolution - ansprocess in which the first single-celled organisms changed and diversified over time, eventually producing the world's millions of species of organisms Forest biome - ans Grassland biome - ans Habitat - ansthe home of an organism How do scientists account for this lower-than-expected atmospheric CO2 concentrations 150,000 years ago? - ansScientists interpret the lower-than-expected CO2 level as resulting from the ocean's absorption of excessive atmospheric CO2 How do scientists use lake sediments to study past climates? - ansBy studying pollen in lake and ice sediments, scientists can identify the species of plants from the pollen, as well as the age of the pollen. By studying plant communities, scientists can determine what the climate was like at a given time. How does a food chain work? - ansEach organism in an ecosystem occupies a specific trophic level or position in the food chain or web. How is ocean acidification possibly linked to increased anthropogenic emissions of CO2? - ansFrom approx A.D. 1250 through about 1850, temperatures cooled globally. Winter ice was more extensive in the North Atlantic Ocean, and expanding glaciers in Western Europe blocked mountain passes. This period included many short-term climate fluctuations that lasted only decades and are probably related to volcanic activity and multiyear changes in global circulation patterns. How long ago did the last glacial maximum (LGM) occur? - ans20,000 years ago Identify typical flora and fauna of each primary biome - ans Invasive species + examples - ansnonnative species that establish themselves in a new environment & often take over niches already occupied by native species Is it easy to disrupt an ecosystem? - ansYes? lmao idk tf Mutualism - ansboth benefit Natural selection - ans"survival of the fittest"; pass on successful genes Niche - ansAn organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or its "job" nitrogen fixation - ansProcess of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia Paleontology - ansthe branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants Parasitism - ansone benefits, one is harmed Predation - anskeeping things in balance Savanna biome - ans Shrubland biome - ans Soil - ansmixture of weathered rock particles and organic material with water and air soil horizons (top to bottom) - ansO, A, B, C Soil Pyramid - ansused to determine soil texture Tundra biome - ans What are Milankovitch Cycles? - ans-Orbit changes shape— 100,000-year cycle. -Axis wobbles (precession)— 26,000-year cycle. -Axial tilt varies from 21.5° to 24.5°—41,000-year cycle.
