Download Governance of Locality - Sociology - Lecture Slides and more Slides Sociology in PDF only on Docsity! Governance of Locality: the neighbourhood as place for integration? Docsity.com content • The local as a place of social cohesion • Governance and citizenship • Local integration? Docsity.com Example: The Netherlands 1980: problem cumulation areas policy 1990: social innovation policy 1994: big cities policy Targets: physical (housing), economic (growth and employment), social (livability) Means: - decentralisation to cities, especially disadvantaged areas - integral approach of problems - administrative coordination - accountability and control 2007: from problem neighbourhood to gem neighbourhood Docsity.com Example: European Union 2003: URBAN program - reinforcing competitiveness of cities by entrepreneurship, new technology and employment - tackling social exclusion by jobs and education, especially migrants, and by strengthening the capacity of the community to help itself - physical and environmental regeneration integral approach, local level, involvement of local communities Docsity.com Governance and citizenship • Governance * process of making and implementing (social) policies in states involving public and private (market/civil) partners * process of mixing (state)bureaucratic and market principles in the policy making and implementation (the managerial state, the entrepreunerial state, new public management) (“the setting, application and enforcement of the rules of the game”, Kjaer, in: Johansson&Hvinden, 2005) Docsity.com • Governance relates to citizenship as creating the practices and processes of rights and duties by organizing certain actors and their relations Governance is not a neutral form of innovative administration, but is embedded in power relations connected to the economic resources and the concomitant forms of inequality Docsity.com Local integration? • In politics and policy circles strong emphasis on the necessity to combat segregation as a means to prevent getto’s (both socio-ecomical as ethno-cultural) • Instrument: mixing of population by mixing of housing and/or norms of eligibility for housing (income) • Problems: - intervention in physical sphere not connected with social and economic spheres - strategy of using middle class as compensating for lack of social capital is not working Docsity.com Debate between politics and social scientists • Central question: is the neighbourhood as the place of problem concentration also the best place for solutions? • This question is related to the existence of so-called ‘neighbourhood effects’: does living in deprived areas contribute to diminished social mobility? • Empirical data are very ambiguous, both on socio- economic and cultural variables • Furthermore: influences of different levels (macro-micro) Docsity.com
