Download groundwater | GEOS 3014 - Environmental Geosciences and more Quizzes Geology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Define Hydrogeology DEFINITION 1 The study of water, especially water reservoirs and transfers between them TERM 2 What are the major water reservoirs? DEFINITION 2 **from largest to smallest and most prevelant to least prevalent**OceansGlaciers and polar icesubsurface aquiferslakes, riversatmospherebiosphere TERM 3 Describe this: DEFINITION 3 endless circulation of water between reservoirs in the forms of liquid, vapor and icevirtually all circulation movement driven by external solar heat engineEvaporationprecipitationinfiltration TERM 4 Define Relative Humidity DEFINITION 4 amohnt of water in the air relative to the maximum. TERM 5 How are Climate and Hydrology Related? DEFINITION 5 warm air can hold mlre water than cold air.Much more water evaporates from warm oceans into warm tropical air in humid regions TERM 6 Describe the effects of Landscape on water cycle DEFINITION 6 orographic precipitation is when warm ocean air rising over mountains expans and cools and becomes saturated with water vapor.A rainshadow is when downwind of mountians, air descends and warms and becomes very dryvery high topographic barriers produce heavy rains TERM 7 Describe what happens to precipitation on Land DEFINITION 7 re-evaporates or is taken up by plantsruns off in surface water streams and riversinfiltrates to subsurface below TERM 8 What are Factors determining basin variance DEFINITION 8 geologic-rock and soil type. structurephysiographic-shape of basin, exposure, slope, stream gradientsClimatic-type and intensity of precipitation, frequency of storms TERM 9 Name and Describe three different types of Runoff Paths DEFINITION 9 1. throughflow- most precipitation goes into infiltration and shallow subsurface flow above water table2. Overland Flow- in disturbed or urbanized areas, excessive surface water flow3. Groundwater flow-bulk of water ends up below water table TERM 10 Describe Flow of Groundwater DEFINITION 10 1. preecipitation or surface runoff infiltrates into rock or soilinfiltration is affected by porosity which is the percentage of total volume taken up by open pores.2. The Vadose zone is all the material above the water table and normally unsaturated but localized saturation can occur3. water percolates downward unitl it reaches saturated porous layers in the water table (zone of saturation)4. Water below the water table in the saturated zone flows in the direction of pressure gradients
