Download American City Growth: Industrialization, Urbanization & Immigration in Late 19th Century and more Slides Sociology in PDF only on Docsity! Growth of the Cities Docsity.com Activate Prior Knowledge! • Why did industrialization lead to the growth of American cities? • Prior to the Civil War/Reconstruction Eras, who lived in cities? • Prior to the Civil War/Reconstruction Eras, who were the immigrants and why did they immigrate? • When did the “frontier” officially close? • What was the status of former slaves in the South, following reconstruction? Docsity.com Growth of the Cities: Late 19th Century Vocabulary • Urban area- A densely-settled areas (many people per square mile) • Rural area:sparsely populated areas (few people per square mile) • Urbanization- becoming densely populated and acquiring the common traits of densely settled areas • Immigration - Moving to a new country for the purpose of living there • Emigration - Leaving one country to move to another Docsity.com Growth of the Cities: Late 19th Century Vocabulary, cont. • Migration - Movement of people from one place to another. Can be intercontinental, interstate, or interregional (such as rural to urban) • Refugee - a person who is living outside their country of origin due to fear of persecution due to race, religion, group membership, political opinion. • Push Factor - Reason for emigrating • Pull factor - Reason for immigrating Docsity.com Growth of the Cities: Late 19th Century Causes of the Growth 1. Farmers migrate to cities - Between 1880 and 1920, 11 million Americans left farms and went to the cities*. Why? • New farm technology meant less human labor • 1893 financial crisis results in thousands of farms being lost due to mortgage foreclosures • Off-spring of farmers cannot all “inherit the farm”. Many go to cities * Although many left their farms during this period, the actual number of farms continued to increase for quite some time. Keep in mind that population was growing rapidly. Docsity.com Causes of the Growth, cont. 3. Immigration of Southern and Eastern Europeans to American industrial cities • This “Great Wave” of immigration was different from earlier immigration streams -Italians, Poles, Austrian, Czechs, Hungarian, Slovaks, Russian, Greeks, and others -most of the new immigrants did not speak English -many of the new immigrants were uneducated peasants -many were Catholic, Orthodox, or Jewish Docsity.com Causes of the Growth, cont. Immigration of Southern and Eastern Europeans to American industrial cities, cont. • Most left poverty, famine, and/or political unrest. They sought economic opportunities, some fled religious persecution • From 1890-1914 approximately 15 million immigrated to U.S. Most settled in cities • 70% came through New York City Docsity.com URBANIZATION OF AMERICA • Shift from primarily rural to primarily urban • By 1890, 90% of manufacturing occurred in urban areas and 1/3 of Americans lived in them. • Most populous: 1. New York City. 1.5 million 2. Philadelphia, 1 million+ 3. Chicago. 1 million + Docsity.com
