HAPS Practice Exam 2024-2025 Questions and Correct Answers. Already Graded A+, Exams of Nursing

Download HAPS Practice Exam 2024-2025 Questions and Correct Answers. Already Graded A+ and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! HAPS Practice Exam 2024-2025 Questions and Correct Answers. Already Graded A+ (1/3*150)+(2/3*90)=110 - ANSPulse pressure equals the systolic pressure minus the diastolic pressure. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) equals the sum of the diastolic pressure plus one-third of the pulse pressure. What is the MAP in an individual with a blood pressure of 150/90? A) 110 B) 120 C) 130 D) 150 3-8% - ANSWhat percent of the WBCs are monocytes in a healthy individual? A) 25-33% B) less than 1% C) 65% D) 3-8% 4 - ANSEach hemoglobin molecule can carry up to how many oxygen molecules bound to its heme group? A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 6 A shift to the left side of the equation would occur producing more CO2 + H2O - ANSFor the reaction: CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 → HCO3- + H+, what would result if an acid is added? A) A shift to the left side of the equation would occur producing more CO2 + H2O. B) It would remain at equilibrium. C) A shift to the right side of the equation would occur producing more HCO3-. D) More H2CO3 would remain. a stimulation of the sense of thirst - ANSWhen blood pressure drops, the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney secrete the enzyme renin, which indirectly results in A) a lowering of the mean arterial blood pressure. B) an increase in the glomerular filtration rate. C) a loss of sodium. D) a stimulation of the sense of thirst. acinar - ANSIf the secretory cells of an exocrine gland form a dilated sac, the gland is called a(n) ________ gland. A) compound B) tubular C) acinar D) serous acrosome - ANSThis part of the sperm contains enzymes that are used to penetrate the egg. A) midpiece B) acrosome C) nucleus D) axoneme active transport. - ANSThe Na+ K+ pump is associated with A) active transport. B) resting membrane potential. C) antiporters and symporters. D) All of the above ADH - ANSThis hormone, produced by the hypothalamus, will stimulate the collecting ducts and the distal convoluted tubules to retain more water. A) ADH B) angiotensin I C) aldosterone D) ANP E) parathyroid hormone ADH - ANSWhich of the following can control water output independent of sodium? A) renin B) sweat C) aldosterone D) ADH albumin - ANSThe most abundant plasma protein is ________________. A) globulin B) antibody C) fibrinogen D) albumin E) erythropoietin All of the above - ANSThe nucleus of the cell A) is the site of RNA synthesis. B) is the largest organelle in eukaryotes. C) has a double membrane. D) All of the above. biliverdin - ANSHemolysis yields heme. After removal of iron, the remainder of the heme is first converted to ________________. A) bilirubin B) hemoglobin C) biliverdin D) urobilinogen E) bile brachiocephalic - ANSThe right common carotid receives its blood from this artery directly. A) right subclavian B) brachiocephalic C) aorta D) right cerebral carbon dioxide - ANSWhat is a metabolic by-product of aerobic respiration? A) lactic acid B) oxygen C) carbon dioxide D) pyruvate cardiac muscle - ANSThis excitable tissue is characterized by having intercalated discs and striations. A) smooth muscle B) skeletal muscle C) cardiac muscle D) glial cells carry oxygen to injured areas of tissues - ANSPlatelets do all of the following except A) help form blood clots. B) help a blood vessel repair itself. C) secrete clotting factors. D) carry oxygen to injured areas of tissue. E) secrete vasoconstrictors which promote vascular spasms cerebellum - ANSWhich part of the hindbrain is involved in smoothing muscular contractions, coordinating eye and body movements, and learning and coordinating motor skills? A) medulla oblongata B) pons C) cerebellum D) midbrain collecting duct - ANSAntidiuretic hormone acts on the _____ to promote water retention. A) proximal convoluted tubule B) distal convoluted tubule C) collecting duct D) urinary bladder coronary sinus - ANSThe ____________ collects blood from all other veins draining the myocardium and returns this blood to the right atrium. A) great cardiac vein B) left circumflex artery C) posterior cardiac vein D) coronary sinus E) middle cardiac vein corpus callosum - ANSWhich structure is found at the base of the longitudinal fissure? A) longitudinal sulci B) longitudinal gyri C) corpus callosum D) rostral callosum cortex - ANSThe thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebrum is called the A) cortex. B) cerebellum. C) reticular formation. D) basal nuclei. E) limbic system cranium - ANSWhich bone develops by intramembranous ossification? A) vertebrae B) cranium C) pelvis D) humerus E) femur day 14 - ANSOvulation ordinarily occurs on what day of the female sexual cycle? A) day 1 B) day 14 C) day 21 D) day 28 deamination - ANSWhich of the following terms is used to describe the removal of an amino group NH2 from an amino acid? A) ketoamination B) amination C) transamination D) deamination decomposition reaction - ANSWhat type of reaction is represented in the following chemical equation? AB → A + B A) decomposition reaction B) synthesis reaction C) exchange reaction D) reversible reaction dehydration synthesis - ANSThe joining of two glucose molecules, with the subsequent removal of water to form maltose is an example of a(n) __________ reaction. A) moiety B) monomerization C) lipid D) dehydration synthesis E) hydrolysis diabetes insipidus - ANSA lack of antidiuretic hormone will lead to A) acromegaly. B) dwarfism. C) diabetes insipidus. D) endemic goiter. E) diabetes mellitus. endomysium - ANSIndividual skeletal muscle fibers are surrounded by a connective tissue layer called the A) perimysium. B) deep fascia. C) endomysium. D) epimysium. E) deep perimysium. eosinophils - ANSThis white blood cell releases enzymes that weaken parasites. A) neutrophils B) basophils C) eosinophils D) monophils extensibility - ANSThe ability of the muscle cell to stretch under tension is known as A) excitability. B) conductivity. C) extensibility. D) elasticity fibroblasts - ANSThe single layer of cells that make up the stratum basale of the epidermis contains all of the following cell types except A) melanocytes. B) keratinocytes. A) epidermis. B) papillary layer. C) hypodermis. D) stratum corneum. E) stratum spinosum. hypoglossal nerve - ANSThe parasympathetic division of the ANS has fibers that leave the brain stem by way of cranial nerves. Which of the following is not one of those nerves? A) facial nerve B) hypoglossal nerve C) vagus nerve D) oculomotor nerve hypoxemia from smoking or air pollution - ANSAnemia can be caused by all of the following except A) nutritional deficiency of vitamin B12 or iron. B) failure of gastric production of intrinsic factor. C) kidney failure. D) hypoxemia from smoking or air pollution increases gastric HCl production - ANSAll of the following are functions of cholecystokinin (CCK) except it A) stimulates gallbladder contraction. B) promotes secretion of pancreatic enzymes. C) increases gastric HCl production. D) induces the movement of bile into common bile duct. E) causes hepatopancreatic sphincter to relax. interphalangeal - ANSThis is an example of a hinge joint. A) trapeziometacarpal B) radiocarpal C) interphalangeal D) shoulder isometric - ANSIf you attempt to lift a heavy object but it doesn't move, what type of contraction have you performed? A) concentric B) eccentric C) isotonic D) isometric It does not appear on the EKG since it is obscured by the QRS complex - ANSOn the electrocardiogram, repolarization of the atria is represented by the A) P wave. B) QRS complex. C) T wave. D) PQ segment. E) It does not appear on the EKG since it is obscured by the QRS complex. It supports blood volume and pressure - ANSOf the following, which best describes the function of water in the body? A) It is a direct source of energy for ATP production. B) It directly functions as a coenzyme. C) It supports blood volume and pressure. D) It functions in immune recognition. E) It forms the backbone of the structure of plasma membranes knee extension - ANSThe muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh are mainly responsible for A) hip flexion. B) lateral rotation of the thigh. C) knee extension. D) adduction of the femur lipogenesis - ANSWhich of the following does not occur during the fasting state? A) glycogenolysis B) beta-oxidation C) lipogenesis D) gluconeogenesis liver - ANSWhich of the following organs produces all the plasma proteins except the gamma globulins, which come from plasma cells? A) small intestine B) kidney C) liver D) spleen loops of juxtamedullary nephrons - ANSThe concentration gradient that exists from the cortex to the medulla of the kidney is produced by the A) loops of the cortical nephrons. B) proximal convoluted tubules of juxtamedullary nephrons. C) loops of the juxtamedullary nephrons. D) distal convoluted tubules of cortical nephrons. E) collecting ducts of juxtamedullary and cortical nephrons. lymphocytes:dark purple cytoplasmic granules - ANSWhich of the following is incorrectly matched? A) lymphocytes:dark purple cytoplasmic granules B) eosinophils:red cytoplasmic granules C) neutrophils:nucleus divided into two or five lobes D) monocytes:large blood cells with round or kidney-shaped nucleus microglia - ANSDerived from white blood cells, these cells in the central nervous system are often found at the site of injury of brain tissue. A) oligodendrocytes B) Schwann cells C) astrocytes D) ependymal cells E) microglia mitochondria - ANSWhich of the following organelles can be compared to a power- house because it supplies the cell with energy? A) Golgi complex B) nucleus C) mitochondria D) chloroplast Na+ ions move from outside to inside the membrane - ANSDuring the depolarization phase of an action potential in a neuron A) K+ ions move from inside to outside the membrane. B) Na+ ions move from outside to inside the membrane. C) the Na/K ATPase pumps Na into the cell. D) K+ and Na+ ions trade places across the membrane. E) both K+ and Na+ move from outside to inside the membrane nitrogenous bases - ANSThe letters A, G, T, and C represent A) phosphate groups. B) sugar groups. C) nitrogenous bases. D) protein molecules oncogenes - ANSExcessive growth factors or growth factor receptors implicated in the development of cancer are caused by A) oncogenes. B) tumor-suppressing factors. C) peroxisomes. D) macrophages opsonization - ANSWhich of the following terms means to coat bacteria, making them easier to phagocytize by macrophages and neutrophils? A) opsonization B) complement fixation C) pyrexia D) MAC coating osteon - ANSThe basic structural unit of compact bone is termed ________________. A) lamellae spinothalamic tract - ANSWhich of the following tracts carries sensory information from temperature receptors? A) spinothalamic tract B) dorsal spinocerebellar tract C) cuneate fasciculus D) gracile fasciculus stomach - ANSChemical digestion of proteins begins in the ________________. A) mouth B) stomach C) small intestine D) large intestine stratum corneum - ANSThe epidermal layer that is dead and keratinized is the A) stratum basale. B) stratum lucidum. C) stratum granulosum. D) stratum spinosum. E) stratum corneum streptokinase - ANSWhich of the following is an example of a clot-dissolving drug used to dissolve clots in coronary arteries? A) Coumadin B) streptokinase C) thrombocytopenia D) antihemophilic factor substantia nigra - ANSDegeneration of the neurons in this area of the midbrain contribute to the muscle tremors seen in Parkinson disease. A) red nucleus B) superior colliculi C) inferior colliculi D) substantia nigra E) corpora quadrigemina summation - ANSThe process of adding the effects of many postsynaptic potentials is A) summation. B) neural integration. C) discharging. D) neuromodulation surface; center - ANSMembrane phospholipids arrange themselves with their hydrophilic ends toward the _________ of the membrane and their hydrophobic ends toward the ________ of the membrane. A) external face; internal face B) internal face; external face C) surface; center D) center; surface sutures - ANSImmovable fibrous joints in the skull are called A) sutures. B) syndesmoses. C) synchondroses. D) None of the above synovial - ANSThe fibrous capsule is one component of what type of joint? A) fibrous B) synovial C) symphysis D) suture T tubules - ANSCalcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum when an action potential opens gated ion channels located in the ________________. A) sarcolemma B) myofilaments C) myoglobin D) T tubules telencephalon - ANSIn the embryo, the cerebral hemispheres develop from which of the following secondary vesicles? A) rhombencephalon B) myelencephalon C) telencephalon D) diencephalon The fluid remaining after blood clots is the same as blood plasma - ANSWhich of the following statements about blood is false? A) Most adults have 4 to 6 liters of blood. B) An excess of plasma protein causes the blood to flow too sluggishly. C) As the protein content of the blood plasma drops, so does its osmolarity. D) The fluid remaining after blood clots is the same as blood plasma the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid in the medulla is higher than that in the cortex - ANSThe collecting duct is able to concentrate urine mainly because A) it is permeable to NaCl but not water. B) it actively transports water. C) the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid in the medulla is higher than that in the cortex. D) the permeability of the tubular cells to Na+ increases as the duct passes through the medulla. E) hydrostatic pressure forces water out of the duct. thrombosis - ANSMost strokes and heart attacks are due to abnormal clotting of blood in an unbroken vessel. This process is called ________________. A) embolus B) thrombosis C) cirrhosis D) thrombus thyroid gland - ANSWhich gland secretes calcitonin and a hormone that stimulates ATP production? A) pineal gland B) thymus C) thyroid gland D) adrenal gland transferrin - ANSFerrous iron travels in the plasma bound to the protein ____________. A) gastroferritin B) transferrin C) apoferritin D) ferrin tunica media - ANSThe tissue layer of a vessel that differs most in thickness when comparing arteries and veins is the A) tunica externa. B) tunica adventitia. C) tunica media. D) tunica interna. E) tunica intima types A and O - ANSAntibody B is present in the blood plasma of individuals with which blood types? A) types A and O B) type B C) types B and A D) types B and O urea - ANSThe major nitrogenous waste product in humans is ________________. A) guanine B) ammonia C) uric acid D) creatinine E) urea urinary tract - ANSTransitional epithelium is found in the A) integument. B) ovarian follicles. C) urinary tract.