Download Hearing Loss: Statistics, Types, Causes, and Effects - Prof. Helen M. Sharp and more Study notes Speech-Language Pathology in PDF only on Docsity! 1 Hearing Loss Greg Flamme, Ph.D. Audiologist Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology WMU Hearing Loss Statistics • 2-3 out of 1000 births have hearing loss – 9 out of 10 have hearing parents • Over 50% of adults in the U.S. have some degree of HL • 40-50% of adults over 75 have enough HL to make conversation difficult • 1 out of 5 people who have HL wear hearing aids Age, years 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 P e rc e n t 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 significant abnormality notch configuration better ear 4FAHL worse than 15 dB better ear 4FAHL worse than 20 dB Females Age, years 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 P e rc e n t 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Males Flamme et al., 2005 Frequency, kHz 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 H e a ri n g t h re s h o ld l e v e l, d B 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Population prevalence, % 0.1 1 10 Males A33 A47 B74 B82 B91 E109 Ciletti & Flamme, 2008 Hearing Loss Statistics Types of Hearing Loss • Conductive – Outer or middle ear • Sensorineural – Inner ear or nerve • Mixed – Part conductive and part sensorineural Conductive Hearing Loss • Deformed/Absent Pinna • Blockage of outer ear • Otitis Media • Otosclerosis • Syndromes – Treacher Collins, Down Syndrome, Cleft Palate, etc. http://ivertigo.net 2 http://www.thecraniofacialcenter.org/images/tc_ears1.jpg http://www.voir.ca/_images/montreal/1849/texte/ac_media_treachercollins.jpg Treacher Collins Deformed Pinna (microtia) http://www.dsamn.org/photogallery/photoAlbums/DSAMFaces/full/scan0033.jpg Down Syndrome http://www.acay.com.au/~gsm/cleft1.jpg Cleft Lip/Palate http://www.tracheostomy.com/trachkids/kids16.htm Otitis Media (OM) • Medical costs estimated at $5 billion/year • 17% of children under 2 have recurrent OM – National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, 1999 • Fluctuating hearing loss • Irritability Otitis Media • 5 million days per year missed due to OM • 200 days of reduced hearing in a year possible with chronic OM • 30% of students with learning disabilities have histories of chronic middle ear problems http://www.msu.edu/~huffma23/ Otitis Media • Treatment – Antibiotics – Pressure Equalization tubes • http://www.entusa.com/ear_tube_2_wmv.htm – Alternative/Chiropractic http://www.entusa.com/ Sensorineural Hearing Loss • Noise exposure • Ototoxicity – Chemicals – Smoking – Medicines • Age (Presbyacusis) • Disease • Genetic disorders
