HIEU 201 ASSESSMENT TEST WITH THE BEST AND CORRECT MARKING SCHEME, Exams of Theology

Download HIEU 201 ASSESSMENT TEST WITH THE BEST AND CORRECT MARKING SCHEME and more Exams Theology in PDF only on Docsity! HIEU 201 ASSESSMENT TEST WITH THE BEST AND CORRECT MARKING SCHEME Medieval Religion - Correct Answers Christianity: dominated every factor, synchronism- superstition existing alongside Medieval view of the universe - Correct Answers Platonist: two realms= heaven and earth Aristotle & Ptolemy: geocentric= earth is the center of the universe Great chain of being: heirchachle order to God Medieval universe: Platonist - Correct Answers two realms= heaven and earth Medieval universe: Aristotle & Ptolemy - Correct Answers geocentric= earth is the center of the universe Medieval universe: Great chain of being - Correct Answers heirchachle order to God= God, angels, man, animals, etc. Medieval view of the individual - Correct Answers 1. Created in God's image: emphasized access to God was broken with Adam and Eve, "helplessness" "sinful state" 2. Place in the great chain: thought God's message would go through hierarchy 3. Way of salvation: access God's grace through church 4. Ration thought guided by revelation Black Death - Correct Answers Originated from fleas on black rats. Started in Gobi desert, Mongolia. Moved to Russia. Then Sicily by ships. Spread by human contact. Mostly found in populated areas. Thought it was divine punishment for human sins. Massacres of Jews (not by Papacy). Caused production to plummet, letting people rise up and demand higher wages. Renaissance Art - Correct Answers Art as an expression, not craft. This type of art flourished from economic growth, social and intellectual developments, and the revival of interest of ancient Greek and roman culture. Imitate nature and classical/sculpture. Combines classical and medieval art. Freedom of expression and highly experimental. Da vinci-mary Botticelli- magi Ghirlandiao- birth of st. John Masaccio- trinity Machiavelli - Correct Answers First major modern political thinker "The Prince" Humanist (yes and no) Believed in a republic (admired ancient roman republic) His name became known as atheist and evil politician Jesuits - Correct Answers Founder: Ignatius of Loyola "Ministers of the Word": emphasis on preaching, studying the bible, evangelism "going fishing" Education: founded school's all over Europe Missions: most happened within Europe, setting up in a city and have a type of revival Council of Trent: goals - Correct Answers 1. Reform the church 2. Clarify disputed doctrine and condemn heresy 3. Restore peace and unity- wanted one church Council of Trent: doctrinal issues - Correct Answers 1. Justification 2. Authority: twofold, tradition of church and scripture were considered equal authority 3. Sacraments: affirmed all 7, Eucharist (real communion), asking St.’s to interceded for them by praying to them John Calvin - Correct Answers most profound influence in reformation One of the first people to study the bible in the original languages- Greek and Hebrew "institutes of Christian religion”: dedicated to Francis 1, as a reassurance that Calvin's followers are still loyal to the king= systematic presentation of the Christian faith, rejected all sacraments accept baptism and communion *founded the academy of Geneva: helped spread his teaching. Council of Trent: reform issues - Correct Answers pastoral mission of church Training of priests Every bishop required to found a school Training or priests Every bishop required to found a school Duty to preach gospel Required bishop to live where he ministered The rise and fall of Hapsburg Spain - Correct Answers exemplified interconnectedness of king, army, church, and taxation Spain became intercontinental (new world), started to look like we know as Spain Ferdinand married Isabella and unified Spain Fell due to an economic crash Reformation in France - Correct Answers relative independence of church due to Calvin Sneaky Won the hearts of her people 3. Government Privy Council: reduced size, trusted and loyal, gave them power, consulted them in everything Parliament: only used when she had to, legitimized reformation Patronage: knew how to grant favors for her political gain, gave out many titles 4. Marriage Very sought after No heir but named a successor 5. Public image Master of PR- portraits Maintained personal contact with her people by "tours" Died 1603 Catholic/ Counter Reformation - Correct Answers Catholic: broader changes that took place were independent or parallel to the protestant reform Counter: reaction/response to the protestant reformation BOTH! Reform efforts before Luther, then slowed down before picking up after the protestant reform. 1. Pre-Luther reform: Archbishop of Toledo, Francisco, had a goal to reform clergy. To preach the Gospel, instruct children, believing the key was in education so he created a university promoting humanist learning. Complutensian Polyglot Bible: parallel bible w/ Heber, Greek, and Latin Christian humanist: Erasmus, a French NT published. Reforming popes before and after Luther Impact: Personal spirituality Quality of clergy Charitable outreach Missions across Europe and world (spiritual and strategic) Polyglot bible Christian humanist Reformation in Germany - Correct Answers Origin: revolt of peasants Major events: Schmalkaldic war- German nobles and princes, princes won. Defensive league. Resulted in the: Peace of Augsburg 1555, the prince decided what religion their town would be. Forces behind European expansion - Correct Answers 1. Economic: trade 2. Political: competition, centralized monarchy 3. Religious: converting other to Christianity (spiritual and strategic) 4. Technological: guns, ships, navigation 1492: the last Muslim stronghold at Granada was defeated, and the whole peninsula belonged to Spain for Christendom. Queen Isabella. Which allowed her to fund Columbus to expand Europe Impact of European Expansion - Correct Answers CORN! 1. Columbian Exchange: wrote about plants, animals, and diseases and contact between old world and new 2. Indigenous peoples, slave trades 3. Price revolution 4. Shift from Mediterranean to Atlantic 5. New opportunities 6. New ideas: questioning of authority Transformation: 1. Price revolution 2. Agriculture- from indecent to commercialized 3. Industry 4. Commerce- business life, banking and finance Growth of capitalism