Hinduism Study Guide - Introduction-World Religions | RELG 102, Study notes of World Religions

Download Hinduism Study Guide - Introduction-World Religions | RELG 102 and more Study notes World Religions in PDF only on Docsity! STUDY GUIDE EXAM I – HINDUISM 1. Religare, the Latin root for religion, means to connect with. 2. A personal, non-institutional, experience of an inner life which may include prayer, meditation or direct experience is called spirituality. 3. The school of thought that believes that humans invented the supernatural because only the material world exists is called scientific materialism. 4. Imminence means ultimate reality is present in the world. 5. Transcendence means ultimate reality is outside the material universe. 6. Theistic refers to religions based on a relationship with the divine. 7. Worshiping the deity in the singular form is referred to as Monotheism. 8. Emphasizing multiple deities is known as polytheism. 9. Incarnation refers to the divine taking on human form. 10.A religion which claims unique access to the truth could be termed exclusivist. 11.A religion that holds that different traditions may be talking about different aspects of the Whole would be called Universalist. 12.The rejection of the belief in a deity in which one could engage in relationship is known as atheism. 13.Uncertainty about a belief in God is known as agnosticism. 14.Lack of a belief in a personal God is known as nontheism. 15.Worshipful actions that are predictable and repeated rather than spontaneous are rituals. 16.Symbolic stories that communities use to explain the universe and their place within it are myths. 17.Historic form of religion, strictly following an established practice, laws and creeds is known as orthodox. 18.Those who publicly assert positions unacceptable to the orthodox are known as heretics. 19.One guided more by personal religious experience than by traditional texts and practices could be referred to as a mystic. 20.Indigenous religions typically approach religion as a life style, rather than something expressed only at certain times and places. 21.Across indigenous religions different cosmogonies often reflect differences in culture and environment. 22.Indigenous religions typically view life as a circle of right relationships that keeps the world in balance. 23.A mystical intermediary between the non-physical and physical world who has gained his or her status through heredity, special gift or initiation (usually an experience of death/rebirth) is known as a shaman. 24.A common means to be initiated into the realm of the sacred and relationship with a guardian spirit is known as a vision quest. 25.The term Hindu was created by the British. 26.A preferred term for Hinduism is Sanatana Dharma. 27.Dharma means “holistic approach to social coherence and the good of all.” 28.Aryan refers to people who can read Sanskrit and practice Vedic ritual. 29.The core Hindu sacred writings that exist in four parts are known as the Vedas. 30.Samhitas is the oldest section of the Vedas. 31.The controlling forces in the cosmos are referred to as Devas. 32.The section of the Vedas dealing with sacred ritual is known as the Ramanas. 33.The section of the Vedas written by those who went into the forests to meditate as 66.Navratri (nine nights) is one of the greatest Hindu festivals. It symbolizes the triumph of good over evil. 67.The creator god is Rama. 68.The god who keeps the universe in balance is Vishnu. 69.Ram and Krishna are incarnations of Vishnu. 70.Lakshmi is the wife of Vishnu. 71.The god who carries a conch, chakra, lotus and mace is Vishnu. 72.The goddess of wealth and purity is Lakshmi. 73.This goddess is particularly worshiped during the festival of Diwali. Lakshmi 74.Shiva is the god of destruction and recreation. 75.Shiva is known as Lord of the Dance. 76.The feminine power of the divine is known as Shakti. 77.The epic story about Ram and his battle against the demon Ravana is known as the Ramayana. 78.Krishna gives advice about duty to Arjuna in the Bhagavad Gita. 79. The Bhagavad Gita is the 18th Chapter of this epic. Gita 80.The story of Krishna's youth can be found in paranas. 81.A devotee of the Divine Mother in the form of Kali who communicated with the divine through intense love is Rama Krishna. 82.Followers of this movement live in communities meditate, worship, chant the names of Krishna and Ram, and study sacred texts with the aim of turning from material gratification to transcendent spiritual happiness. ISCON 83.Sants are “holy people”, Hindu and Muslim mystics who emphasized devotion to the Beloved. 84.Guru Nanak was the founder of Sikhism. 85.Khansas refers to initiates in the Sikh community. 86.Unshorn hair, comb, drawstring underbreeches, a small sword in a sheath and an iron bracelet are known as the 5 K’s. 87.Guru Gran Sahid is the Sikh sacred text through which the light of God is believed to shine. 88.Nahm is the Holy Name of God, found in the light of God. 89.Mahavir is regarded as the 24th Tirthankara. 90.Digambaras did not leave the region of Bihar and monks and nuns wear nothing to symbolize innocence and non-attachment. 91.Svetambaras left Bihar for southern India and monks and nuns wear simple white robes. 92.Gena means one who has conquered the passions. 93.In Jainism, karma includes subtle matter, minute particles that we accumulate as we do and think. 94.Non-attachment to things and people is known as aparigraha. 95.Any issue can be seen from many angles; all partially true is the principle of anek twak.