Homeostasis - Human Physiology - Study Guide - Lecture Notes | BSCI 30030, Study notes of Physiology

Download Homeostasis - Human Physiology - Study Guide - Lecture Notes | BSCI 30030 and more Study notes Physiology in PDF only on Docsity! Study Guide for Exam 1 BSCI 30030 Fall 2010 Homeostasis:  Distinguish how a multicellular organism (human) differs from a single cell amoeba  Draw and understand the distribution of body fluids in different compartments  Understand the different forces acting on the fluids across cell membrane and capillary wall  Understand the concept & mechanism behind homeostasis, error signal, & negative feedback  Components of reflex involved in homeostatic reflex  Temperature regulation via homeostasis  Positive feedback Cell Structure and Function:  Cilia and dysfunctional cilia syndrome (Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia)  Understand the role of lysosome & peroxisome in normal physiology and in disease  Understand the basic concepts in glycolysis, Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation including the role of coenzymes  Pellagra  Understand the relationships: Electron transport, rave party, ecstasy and thermogenin (UCP)  Functions of SER  Protein synthesis in time and space Transport across membrane:  Understand the difference between simple and facilitated diffusion and active transport (the pump)  Understand the relationship between Na-K ATPase pump, digitalis and heart contraction  Understand the difference between: uniport, antiport, symport  Understand the effects of tonicity on cell volume and its consequences  Understand diffusion, osmosis, and tonicity  Apply diffusion and osmosis to cystic fibrosis and edema Messengers for communication:  Distinguish between different types of communications in the body  Distinguish an agonist from an antagonist  Understand the differences in the mechanism of signal transduction between lipophilic (lipid-soluble) and hydrophilic (lipid-insoluble) hormones o Receptor, second messengers (e.g. cAMP), cascade and amplification in hormone action; nuclear receptor  Understand how a same second messenger can have different effects on different target tissues  Prostaglandins, COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors and leukotriene inhibitors and health Membrane potential:  Distinguish between graded and action potentials  Do you understand the anatomy of an action potential, including the refractory period?  Understand the basis of local anesthetics and tetrodotoxin on action potential  Distinguish between saltatory and non-saltatory conduction Synapses/CNS/PNS:  Understand the relationship between CNS and PNS  Understand the events at the synapse on action potential arrival  Understand how the concentration of released neurotransmitter is regulated at the synapse  Distinguish between ionotropic (fast) and metabotropic receptor activation  Distinguish between EPSP and IPSP, including ions involved  Understand the difference between inhalation and intravenous anesthetics  Distinguish between temporal and spatial summation  Understand the neural coding of sensations  Understand the anatomical organization of somatic and autonomic (and sympathetic vs. parasympathetic) nervous systems, including the neurotransmitters and their receptor subtypes