HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers, Exams of Gardening and Horticulture

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HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers According to the National Gardening Association, this warm season vegetable is grown in 86% of home grades in the U.S. - correct answer Tomatoes A motorized mechanical device used to prepare soil in small gardens to obtain a seeded that is loose and out clumps or clods of dirt. - correct answer Tiller Term used to describe a variety that has been passed down through a family for several generations because of its valued characteristics. - correct answer Heriloom Type of variety that flowers and fruits at one time; fruits ripen at one time for once over harvest; good for mechanical harvest. - correct answer Determinate Type of vegetable production where plants are grown by floating them on a nutrient system - correct answer Hydroponics Term describing the rapid elongation of a flowering stalk from a rosette- type vegetable such as lettuce or radish. - correct answer Bolting The term for a group of vegetables that are known to be capable of association with nitrogen fixing bacteria. - correct answer Legumes HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers Many cucurbits have separate male and female flowers. What are these flowers called? - correct answer Monoecious/Imperfect Type of crops that are killed by frost and freezing temperatures - correct answer Warm season crops Term for a vegetable that is produced by crossing parental lines - correct answer Hybrid A common disorder on tomato fruit caused by calcium deficiency - correct answer Blossom end rot Type of seedling where seeds are evenly scattered over a large area. - correct answer Broad cast seeding Most melons are planted using this type of seeding/planting method - correct answer Hill planting Type of vegetable production where plants are grown soilless and dilute solution of nutrients is spray on the roots. - correct answer Aeroponics HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers Some vegetable crops are propagated asexually using special structures like slips, tubers, and bulbs, but most are propagated via seeds or transplants. - correct answer True Saving your own seeds for any, many years is not recommended because seeds may only have a limited longevity. - correct answer True If you have poor draining soil, one way to get around this is to use raised beds for your vegetable garden. - correct answer True When planning your garden, it is best to locate it in a shady area so that your vegetables won't get too hot in the sun. - correct answer False The amount of "heat" in peppers is measured in Scoville units - correct answer True People garden for many different reasons. List the different reasons discussed in class why people grow vegetables at home. - correct answer - sense of accomplishment - potential food cost savings - control of chemicals applied to food - harvest at optimal degree of ripeness - garden to table HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers - grow what you want to eat - exercise When selecting seeds from a seed catalog, can one just select any variety of a given vegetable and assume that the selected variety will do well in their garden. Why or why not? - correct answer No, because certain seed need to be harvested in areas with either sunny, hot environments while others don't. List the advantages and disadvantages to starting vegetables from seeds. - correct answer Advantages: less expensive than transplants, wider variety of seed selections, some vegetables transplant poorly, heirloom varieties available as seeds Disadvantages: wet soils slow germination and emergence, lack of soil moisture will result in poor germination, old seeds may germinate poorly, improperly save seeds may contain viruses, germination time high t be too long for growing season, seedbed prevention critical to getting good stand. List the advantages of starting vegetables from transplants, can all vegetables be started from trans? - correct answer - give garden a "head start" - seeds germinate better under controlled environment HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers - seedlings with established root systems will tolerate less than optimal growing conditions - no, not all vegetables are successful transplants When selecting the site of your garden list the things you should consider before selecting the site - correct answer - know the climate and soil PH - full sun - available water - protected from wildlife - start small with room for expansion What is the difference between a warm season crop and a cool season crop? When are each type typically planted and grown in Texas? - correct answer Warm season crop: are killed y frost and freezings temp. and require warm soil for good seed germination. Planted in late spring, summer and into early fall. Cool season: will tolerate light frost and some even tolerate freezing. Planted in fall, winter and early spring. Why is it not a good idea to save your own potatoes and use them as seed potatoes for your garden? What about using potatoes from the grocery store? - correct answer Seeds must have been harvested and HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers Open center method - correct answer a method of pruning that allows for light penetration into the canopy to maximize fruit set and development and to facilitate coverage by sprayers. It is typically used for pruning stone fruit trees. Parthenocarp - correct answer term for fruit that is formed without sexual fertilization. Ex) figs & cuculbrits Cotton root rot - correct answer most devastating disease of fruit crops in Texas that affects crops in the Rosaceae family Sweet cherry - correct answer a stone fruit that just isn't recommended for Texas due to hot summers and high chilling requirements. Pome - correct answer apple and pear are members of this group of fruits Modified Central Leader - correct answer This type of pruning method works best for apples, pears and pecans Stone Fruit - correct answer Fruits such as peach, apricot, plum and cherry have a hard pit and are classified as this type of fruit HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers Pecan - correct answer this nut tree is the state tree of Texas Grape - correct answer This fruit is most commonly trained according to the bilateral cordon or case system. In the cordon system buds are left on short shoots called spurs whereas in the cane system buds relet on the canes. Most fruit/nut crops are not annuals and can take several years before they bear fruit - correct answer True The vcascual cambium can regenerarate the vascular connections between the scion and rootstock or the bud and rootstock resulting in a complete plant composed of more than one genotype. - correct answer True Adaquete drainage is critical to production of fruit crops, If soil drains poorly, you have to plant on raised beds, or not at all. - correct answer True Blackberries typically have annual canes and perennial roots. Each year typical blackberries put up new floridness, which flower and produce fruit by the en dog the first season, hence they are annual canes - correct answer False HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers Strawberries are typically grown best from seeds when broadcast sown into well prepared bare soil beds - correct answer False It is important to thin trellised grapes to su[[ort good air flow, however this can greatly increase incidence of airborne plant pathogens as fruit stays wet with dew longer. - correct answer False Closed eyed figs require pollination to produce fruit and have much more souring - correct answer False May types of citrus are grown in south Texas. Mist are grafted onto either sour orange and trifoliate orange rootstock and must be protected from frost. - correct answer True Apple and pear trees require a least two trees different varieties to be planted in proximity to insure cross pollination. - correct answer True The objective of open center pruning is to develop a a strong central trunk that will support a framework of scaffold branches in the future. - correct answer Flase Several crops have parthenocarpic varieties that produce only female flowers, and fruits develop without pollination. These include some cucurbits and some figs. - correct answer True HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers Many growers use black plastic mulch for growing strawberries. List three advantages to using this type of mulch - correct answer - warmer soil for more winter growth - weed control - mosiure conservation and protection of the berries from soil contact What are the four types of grapes that were discussed in class? Which type produces the highest fruit quaility? - correct answer 1. True old world types (vinifera & hybrids) - highest quality 2. french american hybrids 3. american type 4. rotundifoldia (muscadines) What is the difference between the open center method and the central leader method of pruning? Which type of fruit trees are pruned using each tecnnique. - correct answer Open center method: allows light penetration into the canopy to max. fruit set to develop Ex) peaches Central leader method: meant to develop a strong central trunk to support the framework of scaffold branches, allows sunlight into interior of tree Ex)apples, pears and pecans HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers Why must you plant more than one variety of pears or an apple tree to proper pollination? In addition to having two different varieties what else would be present to ensure pollination - correct answer It is important to plant two different varieties to facilitate cross pollination. They need to be within 100 feet of each other and have bees brought in. Are all fruit trees grown specifically for their fruit? Can you give an example of one that is grown for its beauty that was mentioned in class? - correct answer Most fruit trees are grown for their fruit, while the callery pear are tree are grown for their beauty. Many fruit trees are propagated by grafting. List three reasons why you would want to graft a particular scion onto a rootstock (i.e. what advantages are the rootstock providing)? - correct answer it causes the fruit tree to be dwarf and bear fruit earlier and have a heavier fruit load than standard full sized trees. Fig - correct answer fruit is a actually a swollen stem enclosing the flowers and unfertilized ovaries. Grapes - correct answer vining fruit that can be grown over arbors to shade your patio. HORT 301 Garden Science Exam Questions And Answers Satsuma Orange - correct answer fruit that is quite sensitive to frost but can be grown in a container and still produce good quality fruit. Pecan - correct answer large tree that produces delicious nuts, but produces messy liter and thus isn't recommended for the typical home yard. Blackberry - correct answer fruit is produced on canes that were vegetative the year before. Strawberries - correct answer this fruit is actually an accessory fruit with the fleshy part derived from the respectable that holds the ovaries. Raspberries - correct answer this fruit is an aggregate fruit comprised a small drupelets and unfortunately it isn't adapted to our to Texas summers. Apple - correct answer this fruit tree has a number of different dwarfing rootstocks developed at the mailing research station in england.