how to learn toeic effectively, Study notes of English

Download how to learn toeic effectively and more Study notes English in PDF only on Docsity! Lesson WORDS TO LEARN abide by agreement assurance cancellation determine engage establish obligate provision resolve specific Contracts Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 11. 12, abide by v., to comply with; to conform a. The two parties agreed to abide by the judge’s decision. b. For years he has abided by a commitment ta annual employee raises. agreement n., a mutual arrangement, a contract a. The landlord and tenant were in agreement that the rent should be prorated ta the middle of the month. b. According to the agreement, the caterer will also supply the flowers for the event. assurance n., a guarantee; cantidence a. The sales associate gave his assurance that the missing keyboard would be replaced tha next day. b. Her self-assurance made it easy ta see why she was in charge of the negotiations. cancellation n., annulment; stopping a. The cancellation of her flight caused her problems for the rest of the week. b. The cancellation clause appears at the back of the contract. determine v., to find out; to influence a. After reading the contract, | was still unable to determine if our company was liable for back wages. b. The skill of the unian bargainers will determine whether the automotive plant will open next week. engage v., participate; involve a. Before engaging in a new business, it is important to do thorough research. b. He engaged us in a fascinating discussion about current business law. establish v., to institute permanently; to bring about a. Through her many books and interviews, Dr. Wan established herself as an authority on conflict resolution. b. The merger af the two companies established a powerful new corporation. obligate v., to bind legally or morally a. The contractor was obligated by the contract to work 40 hours a week. ». | felt obligated to finish the project even though | could have exercised my option to quit. Party n., a person or group participating in an action or pian; the persons or sides concerned in a legal matter a. The parties agreed to a settlement in their contract dispute. b. The party that prepares the contract has a distinct advantage. provision n., a measure taken beforehand; a stipulation a. The father made provisions for his children through his will. b. The contract contains a provision to deal with how payments are made if John loses his job. resolve v., to deal with successfully; to declare; n., conviction a. The mediator was able to resolve the problem to everyone's satisfaction. b. The businessman resolved to clean out all the files by the end of the week. Specific adj., particular a. The custamer's specific complaint was not addressed in his e-mail. b. In acontract, one specific word can change the meaning dramatically. establishment parties specifies obligates assurance determine resolve engaging abide by cancel agreement provide agreement establishment LESSON 1: CONTRACTS 5 READING Part 5 Incomplete Sentences Choose the word that best completes the sentence. 10. The two sides were no closer to a final___ at 13. | don’t feel any to give my boss more than Midnight than they were at noon. two weeks notice when | leave. MA) agreement (C) agree (A) oblige MC) obliged (B) agreeable (D) agreed (B} obligatory (®@ obligation 11. Our union representative our rights would be defended. @ assured (C)} assuredly members that 14. The discussed. (A) provide far terminating the contract were not (C) provider VB) assurance (D) assure VB) provisions {D) provisioning 12. If you your reservation 48 hours in 15. The contract calls for the union to who their advance, you will not be billed. bargaining representative will be. (A) will cancel V(B) eancel (C) cancellation (D) canceled {A) specific (C) specifying {B) specification \/A(D) specity Part 6 Text Campletion Choose the ward or phrase that best completes the sentence, Rental Property for Everyone More and more people are investing in rental property these days. Whether you have a small apartment in your house to rent, or decide to invest in an apartment or office building, rental property can provide extra income for you and your family. What does every landlord need to know? Leases Alease is an __16 between a landlord and a tenant. Standard leases are available at most office supply stores, and many property owners find them quite satisfactory. Read the standard lease carefully to determine if it meets the needs of your situation. You may want to make some additional __17__. You may want to add a pat clause, for exam- ple, or make different specifications pertaining to the security deposit. If you decide to make changes to the standard lease, you should meet with a lawyer. The lease is the most important tool you have if you need to resolve a dispute with your tenant. When you have a lease written by a lawyer, you__18 _ that you have the protection you need. 16. (A) agree (B) agreed (C) agreeable V (2) agreement 17. (A) provision VB) provisions (G) provider (D) providers 18. (A) assure vie) will assure (C) are assuring (® are assured 6 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Part 7 Reading Comprehension Questions 19-23 refer io the folowing letter and form. Santos Office Cleaners 112 Main St. Windsor, Ontario December 15, 20— Mr. James Harrison 17 Hartland Road Windsor, Ontario Dear Mr. Harrison, We are very sorry that you have decided to cancel your cleaning service contract with us. In order to assure that we provide our customers with the best possible service, we always try to determine the reasons for contract cancellations. Please take a few minutes to fill out the enclosed form. This is for our information only; completing the form does not obligate you to buy any product or enter into any new apreement with our company. We appreciate your cooperation, If at any time in the future you decide to renew your contract with us, please don’t hesitate to contact me. Sincerely, Rasa Santos Rosa Santos Owner Santos Office Cleaners Customer Questionnaire Date contract signed; March 28, 20— Type of facility: single office D office building O private home UD other Frequency of service: OD daily weekly O monthly O other Reason for contract cancellation (choose one): C no longer need service C signed contract with a different company payment dispute not satisfactorily resolved C specific complaint not resolved OD other Coraments: J was alwavs satisfied with the service rovided. yur employees. However, Iam frustrated ur inability to resolve the payment issues. 19. What is the purpose of the letter? VA) To find out why Mr. Harrison no longer wants this service. (B) To ask Mr. Harrison to renew his contract. (C) To advertise new services provided by the company. (D) To offer the customer a better contract. 20. What is Ms. Santos’s business? MUA) Customer relations. (® Cleaning service. (C) Contract review. (D) Conflict resolutian. 21. Why did this customer cancel the cantract? (A) The company damaged something in his office. (B) The employees provided unsatisfactory service. Vc} He had a disagreement about his bill. (D) He doesn’t want this type of service anymore. 22, The word assure in letter one, line 2, is closest in meaning to Via) guarantee. (B) discover. (C) prove. (D) advertise. 23. The word specific in form two, line 15, is closest in meaning to (A) personal. (B) important. (G) repeated. V (0) particular. Lesson 2 WORDS. TO LEARN attract compare competition consume convince: currently fad inspiration market persuasion productive satisfaction Marketing Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 1. 12. attract v., to draw by appeal a. The display attracted a number of people at the convention. b. The new advertising attracts the wrang kind of customer inte the store. compare v., to examine similarities and differences a. Qnce the customer compared the two products, her choice was easy. b. The price for this brand is high compared to the other brands on the market. competition n., a contest or struggte a. In the competition for afterncon diners, Hector’s has come out on top. b. The company has decided nat to join the growing competition for dominance in the semiconductor market. consume v., to absorb; to use up. a. The business plans consumed all of Fritz’s attention this fall. b. This printer consumes more toner than the downstairs printer. convince v., to bring to believe by argument; to persuade a. The salesman convinced his customer to buy his entire inventory of pens. b. Before a business can canvince customers that it provides a quality product, it must convince its marketing staff. currently adv., happening at the present time; now a. We are currently exploring plans to update the MX3 model. b. Currentiy, customers are demanding big discounts far bulk orders. fad n., a practice followed enthusiastically for a short time; a craze a. The mini dress was a fad once thought to be finished, but now it is making a comeback. b. Classic tastes may seem boring but they have proven to resist fads. inspiration n., a thing or person that arouses a feeling @. His wark is an inspiration to the marketing department. b. Marta's high sales in Spain were an inspiration to other European reps. market v., the course of buying and selling a product; n., the demand for a product a. When Omar first began making his chutneys, he marketed them door-to-door to gourmet shops. b. The market for brightly colored clothing was brisk last year, but it’s moving sluggishly this year. persuasion n., the power to influence; a deep conviction or belief a. The seminar teaches techniques of persuasion to increase sales. b. Under his persuasion, she returned to school for her MBA. productive agj., constructive; high yield a. The unproductive sales meeting brought many staff complaints. b. Alonzo is excited about his productive staff. satisfaction n., happiness a. Your satisfaction is guaranteed or you'll get your money back. b. We will print the advertisement to your satisfaction. 10 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORD PRACTICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION fom \ F Track 2 | Part 1 Photo Look at the picture and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. 1.®@8@e0 Part 2 Question—-Response Listen to the question and the three possible responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 288 © 3. @ ® © Part 3 Conversation Listen to the dialogue. Then read each question and choose the best response. 4. Why does the store need to be more competitive? 6. Who will the woman call? (A) There’s currently a recession. (A) Aphatographer. (B) Productivity has dropped lately. (B) A photocopy salesperson. (C) There's a new competitor nearby. (C) Acustomer. (D) New empioyees have little experience. (D) A marketing executive. 5. How will the store attract more customers? (A) By giving them trial products. (B) By giving them discounts. (C) By selling new products. (D) By featuring happy customers in ads. Part 4 Talk Listen to the talk. Then read each question and choose the best answer. 7. Who wouid listen to this tatk? 9. Where will the listeners be this afternoon? (A} Customers. (A) At home. (B} Competitors. (B) In a workshop. (€) Students. (C) At a store. {D} Salespeople. {D) With a client. 8. What are they trying to identify? (A) Their weaknesses. (B) How to price their service. (C) Their strong points. {D) Who the competition is. LESSON 2: MARKETING 11 READING Part 5 Incomplete Sentences Choose the word that best completes the sentence. 10. Marketing specialists have canducted extensive 13. Manufacturers like to know what features studies of what customers to a find useful. particular product. (A) consumers. (C) consumption (A) attractive (C) attracts (B) consume (D) consumable {B) attraction (D) attracting 14. Without good , good products can go 11. Smart shoppers will similar brands of an unsold. item before making a decision. (A) market (C) marketed (A) compare (C) comparative (B) marketable (D) marketing (B) comparison (D) comparable 15. A careful analysis of the __ products on the 12. If our work isn't to your , Please notify us market indicated that our product lacked innovation within 60 days. and optional features. (A) satisfy (C) satisfaction (A) compete {G) competed (B) satisfactory (D) satisfied {B) competing (D) competition Part 6 Text Completion Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Dear Valued Customer, Smart consumers like yourself are concerned about your family’s nutrition. Health is a top priority, and so is value. You want high-quality food products at competitive prices. That's why we are introducing Farm Fresh, our new line of 100% natural and organic frozen dinners. We know you'll love the great natural taste of Farm Fresh dinners such as Turkey and Wild Rice, Wild Salmon with Spring Greens, and Country Chicken with Vegetables. Farm Fresh dinners are —16 _ packaged with 100% recyclable materials. But we don’t have to use a lot of fancy words to convince you ta enjoy Farm Fresh frozen dinners. We will let their great taste ___17 you to keep coming back for more. Please use the enclosed coupans to buy up to six Farm Fresh dinners of your choice at 25% off the usual retail price. We know you __18 _ by the great taste and the great price. Sincerely, Rosa Martello National Frozen Foods, Inc. 16. (A) attract 18. (A) satisfy (B) attractive (B) satisfied (C) attractively (C) will satisfy (D) attraction (D) will be satisfied 17. (A) persuade (B) persuades {C) to persuade (D) will persuade 12 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Part 7 Reading Comprehension Questions 19-23 refer to the following report. Catherine Cosmetics Company Sales Department Meeting Report March 29, 20— We reviewed the sales figures for the past quarter. We are currently experiencing a signif- icant drop in sales in our hair care products. This has been going on since the beginning of the year when we introduced the improved version of our top-selling hair care line, Catherine’s Curls. Our advertising has not been successful in convincing more consumers to buy these products, We know there is a market fur products such as these manufactured with 100% natural ingredients and no testing on animals. In fact, our competitors are doing quite well in this area and have been for a number of years. We know from our research that the popularity of all-natural cosmetic products is more than just a passing fad, and this is why we decided to branch out into this area. We have carefully compared our products to those of our three largest competitors. We have looked at product ingredients, packag- ing, target consumers, pricing, and sales strategies. Our product is similar, or even better, in all ways but one. Our packaging is significantly less eye-catching than that of our com- petitors, and it does not convey the important aspects of the products to the consumer, that is, that these products are entirely made with natural ingredients. Therefore, in order to attract more customers, we recommend employing a new designer to create better pack- aging for the Catherine’s Curls line of products. 19. When did the sales department have a meeting? 22. The word market in line 5 is closest in meaning to (A) At the beginning of the year. (A) product (B) In March. {B) factory (C) Aquarter of a year ago. (C) purchase (D) At the end of last year, (D) demand 20. Which of the following might be part of the 23. The word fad in line 8 is closest in meaning to Catherine’s Curls line of products? (A) need (A) Shampoo. (B) fashion (B) Hand Joticn. (C) event (C) Nail polish. (D) wish (D) Lipstick. 21. According to the report, why are fewer people buying Catherine’s Curls products? (A) The prices are too high. (B) The ingredients aren't natural. (C) The packages aren't attractive. (D) The type of product is nat popular. WORD FAMILIES LESSON 3: WARRANTIES 15 “adjective | characteristic One characteristic of the new Lexus is its computerized seat settings. verb characterize This line is characterized by its bold flavor and spicy aftertaste. adverb Sans characteristically| Characteristically, she accused middie-level management of the accounting error. verb consider ‘You should consider carefully whether a product will meet your needs. noun consideration Atter long consideration, Helaise decided that the five-year warranty would be sufficient. adjective considerable The fee for the extra year of protection was a considerable expense. verb imply She implied that she had graduated fram Harvard. noun implicatian What are the implications of the accident? adjective implicit {tis implicit in her demands that if she doesn’t get the promation, she will leave tha company. verb protect Juan protected the warranty by taking excellent care of his lawn mower. noun Protection For your own protection, you should have a warranty that provides for a replacement product. adjective protective Alfredo is very protective of the condition of his car and gets all the preventive maintenance his warranty requires. noun | reputation The good reputation of the manufacturer inspired Maria Jose to try the new | product. adjective reputable Because tha company had a reputable name, | did not spend sufficient time reading the details of the warranty. adjective reputed Tha new store is reputed to carry items that are not of the highest quality. verb require The warranty requires that you send the watch to an approved repair shop to have it fixed. noun requirement The terms of the warranty divulge the legal requirement the manufacturer has to the consumer. adjective requisite The warranty spelled out the requisite steps to take to request a replacement product. 16 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORD PRACTICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION Part 1 Photo Look at the picture and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. (eo \ Track a 1.@800 Part 2 Question-Response Listen to the question and the three responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 260@ 8 © 3.® © © Part 3 Conversation Listen to the dialogue. Then read each question and choose the best response. 4. How long is the basic warranty effective? (A} Thirty days. (B) Sixty days. (C) One year. (D) Two years. 5, What will happen if the woman uses an unapproved mechanic? (A) There are no consequences. ({B) The warranty is no longer effective. (C) Protection is decreased by 50% (D) She will have full coverage. 6. What does the woman decide to do? (A) Take her car to an approved mechanic. (B) Buy the extended warranty. (C )Retuse the basic warranty. (D) Buy a different car. Part 4 Talk Listen to the talk. Then read each question and choose the best answer. 7. What is the paint of the talk? {A) Items under warranty must be fixed. (B) If an item is misused, the warranty may be invalidated. (C) Machines with unusual wear are difficult to repair. {D) Customers often don’t understand warranties. 8. Who is the audience for this talk? (A) A factory repairperson. (B) Acustomer. (C) Someone who rents machines. (D) Buyers. 9. How can a customer receive money back for a defective praduct? (A) Follow the directions on the package. {B) Return it to the place of purchase. (C) Repackage it carefully. {D) Return it within 30 days. READING Part 5 Incomplete Sentences Choose the word that best completes the sentence. 10. The timing belt about 180,000 miles. (A) character (C) characterize (B) characteristic (D) characteristically shows signs of wear after 11, Jacques and Louisa will only purchasing appliances that come with a money-back guarantee. (A) consideration (C) considering (B} consider (D) considerable 12. If there is any___ of the director’s invalvement, we need to follow up swiftly and tharoughly. (A) imply (C) implicated (B) implicit {D) implication 13. 14, 15. LESSON 3: WARRANTIES 17 ‘The fevel of implied by the warranty was misleading. (A) protect (CG) protection {B) protective (D) protector It can be very helpful to consider the of the manufacturer and the merchant when making a major purchase. (A) reputation (B) reputable (C) reputing (D) reputed If the appliance breaks down within two years of purchase, the manufacturer is to send you a replacement at no charge. (A) requiring (CG) requirement (B) requisite (D) required Part 6 Text Completion Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. One-Year Limited Warranty This warranty __16__ the purchaser from all malfunctions of the product due to defects in materials or workmanship. Only the original purchaser of the product is covered. Resale of the product automatically invalidates this warranty. This warranty __17 _ the manufacturer te repair any detective product or to refund the full purchase price to the pur- chaser, at the manufacturer’s discretion. The manufacturer's liability does not exceed the purchase price of the prod- uct. This warranty does not imply that the purchaser has any rights in the case of a defective product beyond those stated herein. This warranty __18 _ one year fram the date of purchase. A receipt or other proof of purchase is required in order to make claims under the terms of this warranty. 16. (A) protects (B) protectors {C) protection (D) protective 17. (A) require (B) requires (C) is requiring (D) has required 18. (A) should expire (B) might expire (C) will expire (D) can expire 20 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORDS IN CONTEXT Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. address develop offered strategy avoid evaluatian primary strength demonstrate gathering risks substitute Every business must (1) a business plan. The business plan's (2) purpose is to improve the entrepreneur's control over the business and to help him (3) common mistakes. It is not an overstate- ment to say that a business will fail or succeed on the {4} of its business plan, so there is no (5) _ for a well-prepared plan. The business plan documents the (6) for growing the business. Think of the business plan as a road map that describes in which direction the company is going, what its goals are, and how it is going to get there. in developing the plan, the entrepreneur will conduct research to determine a systematic and realistic (7) === sé the company’s chances for success in the marketplace. In creating the plan, the entrepreneur must research the company's target market and define its potential. The entrepreneur must be able to prove through research that customers in the market need the good or ser- vice that is (8) and that a sufficient number of potential customers exists to support the business. A business plan also looks at the (9) the busi- ness faces. Chief among these is competitors. The business plan must analyze the company's competition by (10) information on competitors’ market share, products, and strategies. The plan should (11) what distinguishes the entrepreneur's products or services from others already in the market. It is also common for businesses to fail because the owner fails to invest or seek sufficient capital to run the business. A good business plan should (12) this issue as well. LESSON 4: BUSINESS PLANNING 21 WORD FAMILIES verb avoid It is best to avoid get-rich-quick schemes. avoidance Your avoidance of these issues will not make them go away. avoided The avoided question became more important over time. verb TW] demonstrate Let me demonstrate how this computer pragram works. ‘noun ~—|,_: demonstration After the lecture, there was a demonstration of new marketing techniques. adjective demonstrative The densely encaded programming was demonstrative of the computer language of the era. i | develop Our assignment is to develop a cogent business plan. i development The plan was under development and would not be ready for months. noun developer The job developer was kept busy trying to place the recent college graduates. verb evaluate Please review these articles and evaluate their usefulness for our plan. noun evaluation Yoko feared the professor’s evaluation of her business plan. noun evaluator The independent evatuator reviewed our business plan and gave us.good feedback. verb strategize Instead of going into a panic, let’s strategize the best way to meet the deadline. noun strategy The business plan lays out a strategy for future growth. adjective strategic The handout outlined the strategic points to cover in a business plan. noun substitution The substitution of gasses is not so easy in this experiment. verb substitute Don't try to substitute intuition for good planning. adjective substituted Customers complain whenever the substituted product is of lesser value, even though we dan’t charge them for it. 22 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORD PRACTICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION {cor Y | rots | | Part 1 Photo Look at the picture and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. 1.@®@@0o8 Part 2 Questian-Response Listen to the question and the three responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 28600 3. © © © Part 3 Conversation Listen to the dialogue. Then read each question and choose the best response. 4, How do the speakers feel about Alexa’s business 6. According ta the man, what is the most impartant plan? Strategy for success? (A) She has gathered too much data. {A) Investing in a good sound system. (B) She has taken on too much risk. (B) Having a good business plan. (C) She has made many obvious mistakes. (C) Eliminating all risk. (D) She is serious-minded and cautious. (D) Studying the market. 5. How will the man help Alexa? (A) By doing market research. (B) By searching for an office. (C) By pointing out her mistakes. (D) By nominating her for an award. Part 4 Talk Listen to the talk. Then read each question and choose the besi answer. 7. What is the topic of the talk? 9. When will the evaluation begin? (A) Long-term growth plans. (A) At the end of this year. (B) An offer for a leveraged buyout. (B) At the beginning of next year. (C) How to minimize risk. (C) In two years. (D) Where to borrow funds. (D) In a few years. 8. How will the company fund its growth? (A) Bank Joans. (B) Profits. (GC) Sale of stocks. (D) Gwner investment.  Lesson 3 Lo WORDS TO LEARN accommodate arrangement association attend get in touch held location overcrowded register Select session take part in Conferences Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 1. 12. accommodate v., to fit; to provide with something needed a. The meeting room was large enough to accommodate the various needs of the groups using it. b. Because the deadline for reserving roams was past, the hotel manager could not accommodate our need for more rooms. arrangement n., the plan or organization a. The travel arrangements were taken care of by Sara, Mr. dillings’s Capable assistant. b. The arrangement of speakers was alphabetical to avaid any hurt feelings. association n., an organization of persons or groups having a common interest; a relationship or society a. Membership in a trade or professional association provides business contacts and mutual support. b. Local telephone companies formed an association to serve common goals, meet their common needs, and improve efficiency. attend v., to go to; to pay attention to a. We expect more than 100 members to attend the annual meeting. b. The hotel manager attended ta all our needs promptly. get in touch v., to make contact with a. AS soon as we arrive at the hotel, we will get in tauch with the manager about the unexpected guests. b. The registration desk is a good central location for people to get in touch with each other. hold v., to accommodate; to conduct a. This meeting room holds at least 80 people comfartably. b. She holds an annual seminar that is very popular. location n., a position or site a. The location of the meeting was changed from the Red Room to the Green Room. b. Disney World was the perfect location for the annual meeting since many members could bring their families. overcrowded adj., too crowded a. As soon as the guests entered the dining room for dinner, Sue Lin could see that the room would become overcrowded. b. To avoid being overcrawded, we limited the number of guests that members could bring. register n., a recard; v., to record a. According to the register, more than 250 people attended the afternoon seminar. b. Hotels ask all quests to register and give a home address. select v., to choose fram a group; adj., specially chosen a. The conference participant selected the marketing seminar from the various offerings. b. The winners were a select group. session n., a meeting a. The morning sessions tend to fill up first, so sign up early. b. Due to the popularity of this course, we will offer two sessions. take part in v., to join or participate a. The format for the session is very informal, which makes it easier for people to take part in the discussion. b. We couid not get enough people to take part in the meeting, sa we canceled it. 25 26 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORDS IN CONTEXT Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. take part in accommodate attending location arrangements get in touch overcrowded associations hold register Many (1) and organizations hold annual con- ferences so that their members can (2) other and (3) educational programs. When planning a conference, event coordinators try to have a variety of (4) so people (5) (6) a workshop or meeting that best suits their needs. When making (7) for a conference, they look for a site that will (8) ail their needs. The site should be able to (9) the number of people expected to attend, without the meeting rooms being (10) . Good event coordinators tour the site before making a final decision because brochures cannot show all the nec- essary details. Having meetings in a fun (11) raally encourage people to (12) for the meeting. WORD FAMILIES LESSON §: CONFERENCES 27 verb accommodate The hotel staff was able to accommodate our many needs for the conference. noun accommodation | The accommodations at the hotel include swimming pool, gym, and restaurant. adjective accommodating | The conference center manager was extremely accommodating and tried to make our stay pleasant. noun arrangement Nobody could understand the seating arrangement. verb arrange We will arrange the chairs in a circle. adjective arranged The arranged flowers didn’t loak like those we chose from the catalog. / noun association Any association with the former company will put us in a negative light. verb associate Do you think customers will associate the failed upstart with ours? adjective associated The associated casts will put this project out of our reach. verb attend Gillian attended the reception for visiting ambassadors. | noun attendee More than 500 attendees packed the batlraom. noun attendance Attendance was low far this year's annual meeting. verb select Since there are overlapping workshops, participants will have to select which one most appeals to them. noun selection His dinner selaction of stuffed quail sounded better on the menu than it looked on the plate. adjective selective The planning committee was very selective about who received invitations. verb register He registered for his classes via the Internet. noun register The hotel's register showed that only half the members had arrived. noun registration Registration is a detail-oriented and crucial part of running any meeting. 30 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Part 7 Reading Comprehension Questions 19-23 refer to the following two e-mails. To: Max Sullivan From: Martha Reynolds Subj: Conference Max, I have been working on the arrangements for our upcoming conference. I've looked into the City Convention Center, and I think it is the most conve- nient location, It is close to public transportation and hotels. The accommodations are also excellent. The rooms are large, and we can reserve up to ten meet- ing rooms. However, the price is almost 50% more than we agreed we could spend. The other choice is the Mayfield Hotel. Many associations hold their con- ventions there. It is a nice place, and the price is rea- sonable. However, it is not close to the subway. Also, itis much smaller than the Convention Center. I think we could only get three meeting rooms. Would that be enough? Please get in touch with me today to let me know what you think. I need to reserve a place soon. Martha 19. What are these e-malls about? (A} The date af the conference. {B) The conference site. (C) The topics of the conference sessions. (D) The number of conference attendees. 20. How many meeting rooms will they need? (A) Only three. (B) At least five. (C) Up to ten. (D) Almost 50. 21, What does Max prefer about the Convention Center? (A) The price. (B) The location. (C) The size. (D) The people. 22. 23. To: Martha Reynolds From: Max Sullivan Subj: Re: Conference Martha, In regard to selecting a location for the conference, I think the Convention Center is better than the Mayfield Hotel. The hotel is much too small. Remember, we plan to hold at least five sessions at a time. We couldn’t do that at the hotel. We expect more people to take part in the convention this year, so it is important to have a space that can accommo- date everyone. About the price, I think we can rearrange the budget a bit in order to be able to pay for it. So go ahead and reserve the space at the Convention Center. Max The words ge? in touch in line 14 of the first e-mail are closest in meaning to (A) offer (B) discuss (C) provide (D} contact The word selecting in line 1 of the second e-mail is closest in meaning to (A) choosing (B) reserving {C) comparing {B) seeking WORD REVIEW #1 31 Word Review #1 Lessons 1-5 General Business Choose the word that best completes the sanience. 1. Although negotiating a new contract was complicated, both parties came to an that satistied them. (A) agree (B} agreeable (C) agreement (D) agreeably 2, canferences are a good way for employees to get in tauch with people in similar organizations. {A} Associating (B) Associated (C) Associations (D) Association 3. When the family decided to open a restaurant, they had to find a that would attract business. (A) locate {B) locator (C) locating (D) location 4A company will honor the terms set forth in its warranty. (A) repute (B) reputedly (C) reputation (D) reputable 5. The goal of marketing is to customers, to persuade them to buy a product or service. (A) attract (B) attractive (G) attraction (D) attractiveness 40. . Once both parties have agreed to a contract, they have also agreed to abide by every provision, (A) specify (B) specific (C) specification (D) specificity . Good business planning includes developing an overall , addressing likely objections, and demonstrating why potential buyers need the product or service. (A) strategy (B) strategic {C) strategically (D) strategize . When you register for out-of-town conferences, make room as soon as you decide to attend. (A) accommodate ({B) accommodations (C) accommadating (D) accommodated . Marketers must avoid making promises they can’t keep while they or service. (A) demonstrate (B) demonstration (C) demonstrative (D) demonstrable the quality of their product Aconsultant must adhere carefully to his contract if he wants to a good business reputation. (A) establish {B) establishment (€) established (D) establishing 32 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Choose the one word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Are you looking for a place __11__ your next conference? The Littleton Convention Center offers a convenient loca- tion at an affordable price. Whether yaur event is big or small, our site can accommodate your needs. We offer meet- ing rooms, several auditoriums, and a large exhibition hall. Catering services ara also available. Get 12 _ touch with us at 555-0964 to make arrangements for your event. We know you'll __13 _ with our services. 11. (A) hold 18. (A) satisty (B) holding (B) satisfied (C) will hold (C) be satisfied {D) to hald (D) be satisfying 12. (A) on (B) in (C) at (D) to Smart__14 _ compare prices before they buy. That’s why nine out of ten shoppers choose Star Brand household cleaning products. Star Brand products are the most efficient cleaning products around. They are _15 _ enough to clean up even the toughest stains and dirt. Every Star Brand product comes with the company promise: If you are not 100% satisfied, your money will be returned with no questions asked. Next time you are shopping for cleaning prod- ucts, 16 _ Star Brand. We know you'll be happy you did. 14. (A) presumers 16. (A) consideratian (B) consumers {B) considering {C) assumers (C) consider (D) resumers (D) considers 15. (A) strong (B) stronger {C) strongly {D) strongest When purchasing a new appliance, check to make sure that a warranty is included. This __17 _ important pro- tection to you, the consumer. If you decide to return a product that is under warranty, you will have ___18 _ that any damage was not caused by misuse or mishandling. Also, make certain that you return a damaged product before the warranty 19. Companies do not have to accept products that are returned after the date stated in the warranty. 17. (A) offer 19. {A) respires (B) offers {B) inspires (C) are atfering (C) expires (D) have offered (D) perspires 18. (A) demonstration (B) demonstrative (C) demonstrator (D) to demonstrate WORD FAMILIES LESSON 6: COMPUTERS 935 | access To gain access to the computer lab, all users must have a valid ID. access Internet cafés allow you to access your web-based e-mail account. accessible The staff assistant always keeps the door to her office open to show she is accessible. allocate Marla didn’t allocate enough time to train the new hires on our computer systems. allocation Adifferent allocation of resources could certainly strengthen the R&D department. | allocated The allocated money was never spent on new monitors. duplicate It we work hard, we can duplicate last year’s sales records for computers. duplicate Don’t worry, | have a duplicate on my hard drive. ‘| duplication His success at our company was based on the duplication of management techniques he had used elsewhere in his career. failure The power failure caused the system to shut down. | fail We failed to tell you that your records were deleted. | fallible Everyone can make a mistake. Even a computer is fallible. ignore Untortunately, she ignored the waming about the virus. ignorance His ignorance of this word pracessing program surprised everyone. ignored The ignored computer glitch caused the database to function improperly. warn We were warned that our ¢-mail was not private. warning The warning was written on the box. warning The warning signs were all there; we should have paid attention to them. 38 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORD PRACTICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION (cor \ Track 6 | Part 1 Photo Look af the picture and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. 1.®@®©® Part 2 Question-Response Listen to the question and the three responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 28@8@ 3 ® ® © Part 3 Conversation Listen to the dialogue. Then read each question and choose the best response. 4. What happens when the man tries to access his 6. What does the woman suggest doing? e-mail? {A) Working harder. (A) The computer shuts down. (B) Taking the computer back to the store. (B) Awarning appears on the screen. (C} Calling someone to fix the computer. (C) He hears a beeping noise. (D) Ignoring the problem. (D) The screen turns black. 5. What will the man do now? (A) Turn off the computer. (B) Get a new monitor. (C) Use a different program. (D) Wait some more time. Part 4 Talk Listen to the talk. Then read each question and choose the best answer. 7. What does the speaker suggest that listeners do? 9. What does the speaker recommend doing with (A) Buy his software. files? (B) Read the manual. (A) Reading them. (C} Figure out the program by tinkering with it. (B) Accessing them. (D} Consult the competitor’s manual to check for (C) Deleting them. compatibility. (D) Copying them. 8. What problems could users face? (A) Their warranties could be invalidated. (8) Their warning systems could malfunction. (C) Their computers could shut down withaut warning. (D) Their manuals could be inaccurate. LESSON 6: COMPUTERS 37 READING Part 5 Incomplete Sentences Choose the word that best completes the sentence. 10. in arder to your e-mail messages, you must 13. to examine the capabilities of the computer type in your password. carefully has cost us a lot of time and money. (A) access (C) accessed (A) Fail (C) Failed (B) accessible (D) accessibility (B) Failure (D) Fallible 11. After reviewing the schedule, | realized we had 14. She the warning that the hard drive was not enough time for the software full, and consequently they were unable to save training. the test data. (A) allocate (C) allocating (A) ignore (C) ignoring (B) allocated (D) altocatian {B} ignored (D) ignorant 12. The computer staff is responsible for making sure 15. The computer wili you to save your work ail system files are . before quitting. (A) duplication (C) duplicator (A) warning (C) warn (B) duplicated (D) duplicate (B) warned {D) warns Part & Text Completion Memo Ta: All Office Statf From: {T Department Re: Avoiding Computer Problems We are here to help you with any problems you may have with your computer. Please make our job easier by observing the following guidelines. + If you have problems seeing the _16 _, check to make sure that your monitor is tuned on. + If your computer crashes, write down any warning message that appears. We can__17 _ a problem more easily if we have this information. + Please do not install any new software without our approval. Some software is not compatible with what is already on the computer and can cause problems. + Some parts of the company web site are _18 without a password. If you need a password, please let us know and we will assign you one. 16. (A) keyboard 18. (A) accesses (B) display (B} accessing (C) printer (C) accessible (0) controls (D) inaccessible 17. (A) figure out (B) to figure out (C) will figure out (D} figures out 40 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORDS IN CONTEXT Fead the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. affordable durable physical as needed is in charge of provider capacity initiates recurring reduce stays on top of stock Many companies have one person or a department that (1) running the office. If you have ever worked for a company that doesn’t have an office manager, you very quickly learn to appreciate the importance of the job. Who is in charge of placing orders? Who services the fax machine or printer? Who makes sure that the office is presentable for customers? Are the new conference tables and shelves (2) 3). _______§_? as well as it is the office manager's responsibility to maintain an efficient and smooth-running office. He or she looks for ways to (4) costs: and minimize interuptions in the day-to-day operations. Whereas functional managers know the &) of their employees, the office manager knows the (6) capacity of the office and the suppiies and machines that are in the office. The office manager (7) the ordering of furni- ture and supplies, and (8) changing office tech- nology. Over time, he or she may notice (9) lems that require changing a service (10) Furniture and large items are ordered on an (11) prob- basis. Other frequently used materials, such as paper, folders, and mailing materials, are on an automatic ordering schedule and a (12}_ sof those supplies is on hand at the office. WORD FAMILIES LESSON 7: OFFICE TECHNOLOGY = 41 adjective affordable Broad-band access to the Internet became more affordable at the beginning of the millennium. verb afford Lucinda has taken so much leave this year that she can’t afford to miss another day's work. noun affardability We looked into the affordability of placing a scanner at each designer's desk. verb — initiate The company will initiate its new products at the beginning of the year. noun initiative The manager, knowing how concerned his employees were, took the initiative to provide training for them on the new equipment. noun initiation As an initiation into the sales field, Mr. Jenkins was given the mast problematic customer’s account. adverb physically The vagrant had to be physically removed from the building. adjective physical The physical presence of a computer engineer is vastly superior to telephone tech support. noun physique We need a madel with a proportional physique. verb provide The company provides a five-year warranty on its products. noun provider As your provider of netwark services, | promise to give you the best prices and service. noun provision Our provisions of supplies should last to the end of the quarter. verb recur We don’t want that problem to recur every month. noun recurrence Every recurrence of the same problem costs us money. adjective recurring Recurring problems waste time and money. verb reduce Buying in buik can help to reduce costs. ' noun reduction The introduction of the fax machine created a noticeable increase in phone bills. adjective reducible Although our system is working at capacity, the amount of information being processed is not reducible. 42 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORD PRACTICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION (co \ lesl Part 1 Photo Look al the picture and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. OOM) Part 2 Question—Response Listen to the question and the three responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 2@6©0 3 @® © Part 3 Conversation Listen to the dialogue. Then read each question and choose the best response. 4. What is required for all new purchases? 6. What is the woman's opinion of this requirement? {A) A receipt. (A} It’s annoying. (B) A charge card. (8) It's enjoyable. (C) Up-front payment. (C) It's a good idea. (0) Approval. (DB) It’s baring. 5. What is the purpose of this requirement? (A} To avoid delays. {B) To help save money. (C) To make purchasing a top priority. {D) To reduce steps in the ordering process. Part 4 Talk Listen to the talk. Then read each question and choose the best answer. 7. Why don't they order units on an as-needed basis? 9. What does the speaker like about the suggested (A) They're more expensive. company’s products? (B) The provider won't take individual orders. {A) The durability. (C)} Delivery time is too long. (B) The quality. (D) Nobody takes the initiative to place the order. ({C) The price. (D) The size. 8. What kind of provider could help them? {A) Aless pushy provider. (B) Amore aggressive pravider. (C) One with better prices. (D) One with a web site.  Office Procedures Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 1. 12. appreciation n., recagnition, understanding; thanks a. In appreciation of your hard work on the Castcon project, the department will hold a casual lunch party on November third. b. Your appreciation of my efforts inspired me through the final stages of the construction. be made of v., to consist of a. This job will really test what you are made of. b. People say that the negotiator has nerves made of steel. bring in v,, to hire or recruit; to cause to appear a. The company president wanted to bring on an efficiency consultant. b. The company brought in a new team of project planners. casually adv., informally a. On Fridays, most employees dress casually. b. Martin spoke casually, as if he were chatting with friends. code n., rules of behavior a. The new employees observed the unwritten code of conduct in their first week an the jab. b. Even the most traditional campanies are changing their dress code to something less formal. expose v., to make aware; to give experience a. Mergers require that employees be exposed to different business practices. b. The new hires’ week in each department exposed tham to the various functions in the carnpany. glimpse n., a quick look a. The secretary caught a glimpse of her new boss as she was leaving the office. b. After one year with the company, he still felt as though he had only a glimpse of the overall operations. out of adj., no longer having, missing a. Orders should be placed before you run out of the supplies. b. The presenter ran out of time before he reached his conclusion. outdated adj., absolete; not currently in use a. The purpose of the seminar is to have employees identify outdated methods and procedures. b. Before you do a mailing, make sure that none of the addresses is outdated. practice n., methad of doing something; v., to repeat in order to learn a. The manager had started her practice of weekly breakfast meetings more than twenty years ago. b. Bill practiced answering the telephone until he was satisfied. teinforee v., to strengthen, support a. The financial officer’s unconventional method of analyzing data was reinforced by the business journal article. b. Employees reinforced their learning with practice in the workplace. verbally adv., in spoken form a. She verbally reprimanded the new hire in front of his entire team. b. The guarantee was made only verbally. 46 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORDS IN CONTEXT Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. appreciation casually made of been exposed to code out of brought in glimpse outdated How many employaes show any (1) corporate culture? How many executives appreciate what their corporate culture is and what it is (2) (3) by the office procedures and routines that have been established over the years. A manager made her mark twenty years ago by dressing (4) forever changing the dress (5) from the competition when he ran (6) . Adirector bought the practice saon became standard. These examples add to a com- pany’s culture. Good employees know what the standard procedures are. This is an important element in recruiting new employees, as well as training workers. When training workers, it is oftan important to have them read the procedures, write their reactions, and (7) their opinions to these practices. This promotes a sense of coopera- tion between those who establish the (8) those who must follow them. Employees who have been with a company for many years may practices because they ls a “temp” nat be able to identify (9) haven't (10) anything else. What happens when a department needs an extra hand? (1) _ or is: someone borrowed from another department? The new recruits often ask the questions that allaw more senior employees to get a (12) culture. of the corporate WORD FAMILIES LESSON 8: OFFICE PROCEDURES 47 noun appreciation In appreciation for your hard work, we are giving you a top-priority project. verb | appreciate We appreciate the time that you have put into this project, but we need to see More positive results. adjective appreciated The intern feit appreciated, like a member of the team. noun code The programmer spent three days searching for the bug in his code. adjective coded Their web page contained a coded message for insiders. verb code If we code the passward into each user's ID number, can users avoid one step for logging on? verb expose As a matter of company policy, we try to expose all managers to the challenging work of telephone sales through hands-on experience. noun exposure Exposure to the elements will corrode the container for the sensor. adjective exposed Mr. Lee was exposed to Chinese business practices during his three-year assignment as a manager in Beijing. noun practice He was surprised at the difference in office practices fram one local office to another. verb practice All managers are expected to practice caution in their spending until the end of the year. adjective practical We need a practical solution to this common problem. verb reinforce The practical training reinforced the theoretical studies. noun reinforcement {f reinforcement is needed, you have the support of the executive committee. gerund reinforcing Reinforcing the preferred way of selling the product was one of their job requirements. adverb verbally No emptoyees should be verbally reprimanded in front of their peers. verb verbalize Well-established procedures are often difficult to verbalize. adjective verbal The company operated on a practice of verbal and not written contracts. 50 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Part 7 Reading Comprehension Questions 19-23 refer to the following article. When you bring in a new employee, it is important to make sure that he or she understands the usual office procedures as well as the codes of behavior. These things should be outlined clearly in the employee handbook. New employees should understand that they are expected to do more than just glimpse at the handbook and then hide it in a drawer. A thorough reading of it will help them understand many things they need to know about the workplace culture. Employees also appreciate verbal reinforcement. Supervisors should let them mow when they have completed a job well, or if they are bending the rules too far. More experi- enced coworkers can be asked to support new employees while they are getting used to their new positions and explain procedures to them, but ulti- mately it is the supervisor's responsibility to make sure that the normal office practices are carried out. When everyone understands what is expected, then the office procedures run more smoothly. In fact, it is net a bad idea ta review the codes and procedures with the entire staff from time to time, This can be done on a regular hasis at staff meet- ings, or it can be part of a training session. 19. What should new employees do with the 22. The wards bring in in line 1, are closest in meaning handbook? to (A) Read it quickly. (A) invite {B) Study it completely. (B) train (C) Hide it in a drawer. {C) hire (D) Share it with coworkers. (D) meet 20. What should the supervisor do when an employee 23. The word codes in line 3, is closest in meaning to breaks a rule? (A) rules (A) Punish her. {B) lessons (B) Fire her. (C) mistakes {C) Tell her. {D) types ({D) Retrain her. 21. How can experienced coworkers help new employees? (A) By writing a new handbook. (B) By explaining office procedures. (C) By inviting them to statf meetings. (D) By telling the supervisor when a rule has been broken.  replace revolution sharp | ski store technically Electronics Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 1. 12. disk n., an object used to store digital information a. The head of the optical disk reader was dirty. b. Rewritable compact discs are more expensive than read-only CDs. facilitate v., to make easier a. The computer program facilitated the scheduling of appointments. b. The director tried to facilitate the transition to the new policy by meeting with all staff who would be affected. network v., to connect; to broadcast; n., an interconnected group or system aver a radio or TV; to engage in informal communication a. The recent graduate networked with her mother’s coworkers. b. We set up a new network in my affice to share files. popularity n., the state of being widely admired, sought, or accepted a. After the new commercials began running, the popularity of the batteries increased significantly. b. This brand of computers is extremely popular among college students. process v., to put through a series of actions or prescribed procedure; n., a series of operations or actions to bring about a result a. I've processed the data | collected and have gotten some interesting results. b. There is a process for determining why your computer is malfunctioning. replace v., to put back in a former place ar position; to take the place of a. I've replaced the hard drive that was malfunctioning. b. We have been looking for three months and we’ve found no one wha can replace our former administrator. revolution n., a sudden or momentous change in a situation; a single complete cycle a. We see a revolution in the computer field almost every day. b. My CD player is broken; the disk cannot make a complete revolution around the magnet. sharp adj., abrupt or acute; smart a. There was a sharp decline in calls to the help desk after we upgraded each emplayee’s computer. b. The new employee proved how sharp she was when she mastered the new program in a few days. skill n., a developed ability a. The software developer has excellent technical skills and would be an asset to our sottware programming team. b. Salman’s job as designer of siectronic tools makes good use of his manual dexterity skills. software n., the programs for a computer a. This software allows me to integrate tables and spreadsheets into my reports. b. Many computers come pre-loaded with software. stare v., to keep a. You can store more data on a zip drive. b. We store the master disks in the fireproof safe. technically adv., with specialized skill or knowledge a. Technically speaking, the virus infected only script files. b. The office was finally up-to-speed technically. 51 52 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORDS IN CONTEXT Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. disks popular revolutionize facilitated processing sharply networks replace skills By the mid-1980s, virtually all U.S. businesses owned at least one computer. Prices of computers declined (1) the next few years, resulting in a surge in popularity. At the same time, offices started to rely on (2) (3) the sharing and processing of data. Such data (4)__ sas made possible by improvements in both the hardware and software industries. More recently, data storage (5) gone their own revolution. Because of (6) advancements, the (7) capacity of a compact disc increased significantly. In addition, manufacturers of (8) itive upgrades to (9) competitors’ products. have under- offer compet- Virtually all office workers today are trained in the most (10) Word processing software. Computers repeatedly (11) the workplace, and everyone, no matter how accomplished he or she is with other (12) , needs to stay abreast of major trends in computer development. READING Part 5 Incomplete Sentences Choose the word that best completes the sentencs. 10. 11. 12. The af the new computer network was. apparent among the employees after only a few months. (A) papular (B) popufarize (C) popularity (D) population We will all of our outdated software with the newest versions. (A) replacement {(C) replaceable {B) replaced (D) replace There is a approach to software design integration that all the big software developers are currently learning. {A) revolutionized (C) revolution (B) revolutionary (D) revalt 13. 14, 15. LESSON 9: ELECTRONICS 55 While Fabio’s with computers surpasses the technicians, he is unable to communicate his personal needs to the office manager. {A) skill (C) skiliful {B) skilled (D) skillfully The hard disk can up to 25 gigabytes of data. (A) stores (C) store (B) storage (D) staring The newspaper article on the development of new fiber-optic cables was so full of language that nobady could understand it. (A) technical (C) technicality (B) technically (D) technique Part 6 Text Completion Computer technology has brought about a __16 _ in the workplace. Now employees all around the country do all or part of their jobs from home. This phenomenon is called telecommuting and has been made possible by the widespread use of the Internet. Telecommuting has become __17__ among employees, although the reactions of employers are mixed. Some {ike telacommuting and some don't. But most agree that it facilitates work far employees who live at a distance from the worksite. Telecommuting enables companies to keep skilled employees who mave aut of the area or who have family obligations that require them to stay close to home. __18 _ the regular nine-to-five office job? Probably not entirely, but we are sure to see more and more of it in the future. 16. 17. (A) revolted (B) revolution () revolutionary (D) revolutionize (A) sharp (B) technical (C) popular (D) replaceable 18. (A) It replaces {B) It will replace ({C) Will it replace (D) Will it be replaced by 56 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Part 7 Reading Comprehension Questions 19-23 refer to the following two e-mails. To: mi cme.com From: —_ fred@acme.com Subject: software training Mary, As you know, we have decided to replace our old soft- ware with a new program that will facilitate our work better. Although the new software is not technically difficult to use, it is significantly different from our old software. The entire staff will need to be trained to use it, Of course, not everyone can attend a training session together, because we need some staff mem- bers to be in the office at all times. The trainer sug- gests that each person attend one training session and one follow-up session. The sessions will last three to four hours each, The trainer can be here once a week, Please develop a training schedule so that everyone can be trained over the next two months. Thank you. Fred 19. What is true about the new software? (A) It's difficult to use. {B) It’s very different from the old software. (C) It requires many months of training. (D) It’s very expensive. 20. Which staff members will be trained to use the new software? (A) Just one from each department. (B) Fred and Mary only. (C) Only four of them. (D) All of them. 21. How many training sessions will each person attend? (A) One. (B) Two. {C) Four. (D) Eight. 22. 23. To: fred@acme.com From: — mary@acme.com Subject: re: software training Fred, I have written up a schedule that will facilitate the training process. There will be eight weekly training sessions all together, Since we have four departments, the easiest way is to send one person from each department to each training session during the first month. Of course it will be a different person each week, We can repeat the process during the second month for the follow up sessions. This way everyone will have a chance to develop their skills on the new software. I am attaching a copy of the schedule. Please Jet me know what you think. Mary The word skills in line 9 of the second e-mail is closest in meaning ta (A) abilities {B) opportunities (C} tasks (D) ideas The word replace in line 1 of the first e-mail is closest in meaning to (A) sell (B) change (C) keep (D) tocate  Lesson 10 Correspondence Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 11. 12, assemble v., to put together; to bring together a. Her assistant copied and assembled the documents. b. Tha mail room clerk read the directions before assembling the parts to the new postage printer. beforehand adyv., in advance, in anticipation a. To speed up the mailing, we should prepare the labels beforehand. b. The goods could have been shipped today had they faxed the order beforehand. complication n., difficulty, complex situation a. She will have to spend two more days in the hospital due to complications during the surgery. b. Complications always arise when we try to cover too many topics in one letter. courier n., a messenger, an official delivery person a. We hired a courier to deliver the package. b. The courier service will clear the goods through customs. express adj., fast and direct a. It's important that this document be there tomorrow, so please send it express mail. b. Express mail costs more than regular mail service, but it is more efficient. fold v., ta bend paper a. Fold the letter into three parts before stuffing it into the envelope. b. Don’t fold the document if it doesn't fit the envelope. layout n., a format; the organization of material on a page a. We had to change the layout when we changed the size of the paper. b. The layout far the new brochure was submitted by the designer. mention n., something said or written; v., to refer to a. There was no mention of the cost in the proposal. b. You should mention in the letter that we can arrange for mailing the brochures as well as printing them. petition n., a formal, written request; v., to make a formal request a. The petition was photocapied and distributed to workers who will collect tha necessary signatures. b. We petitioned the postal officials to start delivering mail twice a day in business areas. proof v., ta look for errors; n., evidence a. This letter was not prooted vary carefully; it is full of typing mistakes. b. In order to get the rebate, you must send in proof of purchase. register v., to record, to track; n., a record a. You can register this mail for an additional $2.20. b. Everybody needs te sign the register before entering the mail roam. revise v., to rewrite a. The brochure was revised several times before it was sent to the printer. b. We will need to revise the form letter since our address has changed. 57 60 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORD PRACTICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION fen \ [ro al Part 1 Photo Look at the picture and listen fo the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. 1.@800 Part 2 Question—Response Listen to the question and the threa responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 2@® © 4@@®© Part 3 Conversation Listen to the short dialogue. Then read each question and choose the best response. 4. When will the meeting take place? (A) This afternoon. (B) Tomorrow. (C) In two days. (D) On Tuesday. 5. Why won't the woman help assemble the documents? (A) She’s in a meeting. (B) She hurt her hand. (C} She's too busy. {D) She needs to revise them first. 6. What does the woman suggest that the man do? (A) Finish the work before the afternoon. (B) Do the work himself. {C) Ask another person for help. (D) Remember to fold all the documents. Part 4 Talk Listen to the talk. Then read each question and choose the best answer. 7. Where would you haar this talk? (A) A post office. (B) Agrocery store. (C) Arestaurant. (D) An assembly fine. 8. What is the purpose of this talk? (A) To sell merchandise. (B) To inform customers of a new service. (C) To wam workers. (D) To recognize a new employee. 9. What time does the Courier Center close? (A) 2:00 P.M. (B) 4:00 PM. {C) 6:00 PM. (D) 8:00 P.M. LESSON 10: CORRESPONDENCE 61 READING Part 5 Incomplete Sentences Choose the word that best completes the sentence. 10. | don’t want to matters, but have you 13. To sand out business letters without them is considered using color to make your brochure unprofessional. stand out? (A) proofing (G) prootreader (A) complicate (C) complicated (B) proof (D} proofread (B) complication — (D) complicating 14. The mail room Is rarely asked ta send letters by 11. It’s worth in the memo that we've finished mail. the draft of the proposal. {A) registers (C) register (A) mentionable (C) mentions ({B) registered (D) registration {B) mentioning {D) mentioned 15. After each , You need to reread what 12. The signatures on the weren't all legible you've written and note your suggestions for because rain had caused the ink to run. changes. {A) petition (C) petitianers (A) revise (C) revision (B) petitioning (D) petitioned (B) revised (D) will revise Part 6 Text Completion Memo To: Production Staff From: George Jones Re: Document Preparation In order to avoid extra work and waste of supplies, please observe the following guidelines when preparing documenis for reproduction and distribution. The goal is to keep things simple and avoid 16 + When you wark on the final revision af a document, pay special attention to the layout. The presentation of material is as important as the content itself. - Dan't rush to the copier as scon as the final revision is complete. 17 _ each document carefully beforehand. * We have technology to help with the assembly of documents. The large capier on the second floor can _18__ paper in addition to stapling. This will help you complete tasks efficiently. « If a document needs to be delivered the same day it is finished, please use a courier service. 16. (A) complicate 18. (A) folder (B) complicates (B) folded (C) complicated (C) folds {D) complications (D) fold 17. (A) Proof (B) Proofs (C} To proot (D) Proofing  62 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Part 7 Reading Comprehension Questions 19-23 refer to the following advertisement. Do you run a small business? If so, you likely don’t have a large enough staff to deal with developing, reproducing, and mailing ail your documents and correspondence. Why not let Office Systems, Inc., take care of this work for youP We provide the following services: Editing Don’t send out your documents until you are sure they are absolutely perfect. We provide revision and proofreading services on all documents, large or small, Design and Production Our professional graphic designers work with you to develop the best format and layout for your documents. We also provide copying and assembling services, including folding, stapling, and packaging. Delivery ‘We can connect you with several different delivery services, including the postal system and private courier companies. Is your correspondence urgent? Our express delivery service gets it to the recipient within 24 hours or less, guaranteed. Visit any one of our branches to open up an account with us today. You can download an application from our web site and fill it out beforehand to make the process go more smoothly. Don't let the details of correspondence and document development complicate your life. Let Office Systems, Inc., handle it all for you. Visit www.olficesys.com to find the branch nearest you. 19. Who is the audience for this advertisement? 22, The word revision in line 5 is closest in meaning to {A) Editors. (A) capying (B) Couriers. (B) rewriting {C) Corporate directors. (C) delivery (D) Small business owners. (D) development 20. Which of the following is a service affered by 23. The word beforehand in line 14 is closest in Office Systems, Inc.? meaning to (A) Accounting. (A) by hand (B) Web site development. (B) thoroughly (C} Assembling documents. (C) in advance (D} Reading letters. (D) in person 21. How can a customer open an account with Office Systems, Inc.? (A) By visiting a company branch. (B) By sending an e-mail. (C) By completing an online questionnaire. (D) By writing a letter.  Lesson 11 WORDS TO LEARN abundant accomplishment bring together candidate come up with commensurate match profile qualifications recruit submit time-consuming Job Advertising and Recruiting Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 11. 12, abundant adj., plentiful, in large quantities a. The computer analyst was glad to have chosen a field in which jabs were abundant. b. The recruiter was surprised by the abundant number of qualified applicants. accomplishment n., an achievement, 2 success a. The success of the company was based on its early accomplishments. b. In honor of her accomplishments, the manager was promoted. bring together y., to join, to gather a. Every year, the firm brings tagether its top lawyers and its newest recruits for a training session. b. Our goal this year is to bring together the most creative group we can find. candidate n., one being considered for a position, office, or award a. The recruiter will interview all candidates for the position. b. The president of our company is a candidate for the Outstanding Business Award. come up with v., to plan, to invent, to think of a. In order for that small business to succeed, it needs to come up with a new strategy. b. How was the new employee able to come up with that cost-cutting idea atter only one week on the job? commensurate adj., in proportion to, corresponding, equal to a. Generally the first year’s salary is commensurate with experience and education level. b. As mentioned in your packets, the number of new recruits will be com- mensurate with the number of vacancies at the company. match n., a fit, a similarity; v., to put together, to fit a. It is difficult to make a decision when both candidates seem to be a per- fect match. b. Aheadhunter matches qualified candidates to suitable positions. profile n., a group of characteristics or traits a. The recruiter told him that, unfortunately, he did not fit the jab profile. b. As jobs change, so does the company’s profile for the jab candidate. qualifications n., requirements, qualities, or abilities needed for something a. The job seeker had done extensive volunteer work and was able to add this experience to his list of qualifications. b. The applicant had so many qualifications that the company created a new position for her. recruit v., to attract people to jain an organization or a cause; n., a person who is recruited a. When the consulting firm recruited her, they offered to pay her relocation expenses, b. The new recruits spent the entire day in training. submit v., to present for consideration a. Submit your résumé to the human resources department. b. The applicant submitted all her paperwork in a professional and timely manner. time-consuming adj., faking up 4 lot of time, lengthy a. Even though it was time-consuming, all of the participants felt that the apen house was very worthwhile. b. Five interviews later, Ms. Lopez had the job, but it was the most time- consuming process she had ever gone through. 66 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORDS IN CONTEXT Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. abundant candidates match accomplishments coming up with profile bring together commensurate qualifications time-consuming Recruiting employees is a (1) process. Therefore, amployers want to (2) right person with the right job the first time around. There are many ways to (3) good employees: advertising in newspapers and professional journals, recruiting on college campus- es or at conferences, or getting referrals from headhunters. Recruiting is a time for a company to brag about its 4) and excite people about its future. Each com- pany is trying to (5) the best and the brightest, but they are not alone. Their competition is trying to do the same thing. When jobs are (6) and there is low unemploy- ment, employers may face higher demands from job seekers. Conversely, when the economy is slowing down and jobs are few, employers are in a better position for attracting the best 7) Employers. look = for_~—s certain characteristics (8)__ Cin their employees. (9) very specific (10) that fits the company culture and the specific job requirements is a difficult job. Employers want fo see a weilrounded candidate and someone who has related work experience. They are willing to offer a salary that is (11)___ swith that experience. Employers will make hiring and salary determinations based on the information candidates (2) throughout the application and interview process. WORD FAMILIES LESSON 11: JOB ADVERTISING AND RECRUITING 67 accomplish You can accomplish anything if you put your mind to it. accomplishment The company is proud of our team's accomplishments. accomplished The accomplished artist had his paintings in all the major galleries. match The former marketing director is a good match for this position in public relations. match We need to match bath job experience and personality for this position. matching The matching cushions look better on the chair. profile His customer profile shows that he always pays on time. profile Through telephone surveys, we try to profite our clientele in order to understand who is using our services. protiled The protiled candidate only met half of the job requirements. qualify In order to qualify, you must have two years of work experience. qualifications The manager made a list of qualifications for the vacant job position. qualified He found himself overqualified for the entry-level position. recruit Large accounting firms recruit on college campuses every spring. recruitment The company’s recruitment resulted in ten highly qualified new employees. recruiter As a recruiter, he traveled around the country speaking to recent college graduates. rh | submit Anyone who is interested in the position should submit a résumé and writing samples. submission I'm very sorry, the submission date was last week. We can’t take any more applications. submittal The submittal of his resignation prompted his colleagues to apply for his job. 70 800 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Part 7 Reading Comprehension Questions 19-23 refer to the following two e-mail messages. To: Marjorie Morgan From: Bill Smithers Subject: Recruiting Marjorie, We need to start looking at recruiting some new staff members over the summer, Our company has gotten lots uf new contracts recently. We have abundant work’and need to take on two or three new employees to help with it. We should advertise the positions as entry-level with room for promotion. We should choose the job candidates carefully as I don’t want to have to end up firing anyone who turns out to be a bad satch, I would like the new staff members to start work by June 10. Therefore, we should ask interested candidates to submit their applications before the end of April so that we can start interviewing in early May. Please come up with a recruiting plan and let me know. Thanks. Bill. 19. Why does Mr. Smithers need to hire new staff members? (A) He has recently fired several employees. (8) His company has a lot of work. (C) Marjorie Morgan is leaving her job. (D) Several employees have been promoted. 20. What does Mr. Smithers ask Ms. Morgan to do? (A) Interview job candidates. (B} Send him comments. (C) Make a plan to recruit new employees. (D) Read the major national newspapers. 21. What will happen by April 307 (A) Job candidates will submit their applications. (B) Interviews will begin. (C} Two or three new staff members will be hired. (D) The new staff members will begin working. To: Bill Smithers From: Mazjorie Morgan. Subject: re: Recruiting Attachment: ad draft Bill, Here is my plan for recruiting new staff members for this summer. I will place ads in our local newspapers, in two major national papers, and on the major web sites by April 1. The deadline for submission of appli- cations will be April 30. We will start interviews on May 8. In the ads I will carefully outline the qualifica- tions we are looking for, I am attaching a draft of the ad. Please look it aver and send me your comments. I want to make sure it contains all the details you want. Marjorie 22. 23. The word candidates in line 7 of the first e-mail is closest in meaning to (A) advertisements (B) descriptions (C) recommendations (D) applicants The word qualifications in lines 6-7 of the second e-mail is closest in meaning to (A) quantities {B) positions (C) abilities (D) salaries  Lesson 12 WORDS TO LEARN ability apply background be ready for call in confidence constantly ‘expert t follow up |. hesitant present weakly Applying and Interviewing Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 12. ability n., a skill, a competence a. The designer's ability was obvious trom her portfolio. b. The ability to work with others is a key requirement. apply v., to look for; to submit an application a. The college graduate applied for three jobs and received three offers. b. Everyone who is interested should apply in person at any branch office. background n., a person's experience, education, and family histary a. Your background in the publishing industry is a definite asset for this job. b. The employer did a complete backgraund check before offering him the job. be ready for v., to be prepared a. Thanks to her careful research, the applicant felt that she was ready for the interview with the director of the program. b. The employer wasn't ready for the applicant’s questions. call in v., to ask to come; to beckon a, The young woman was so excited when she was called in for an interview that she told everyone she knew. b. The human resources manager called in all the qualified applicants for a second interview. contidence n., a belief in one’s abilities, self-esteem a. Good applicants show confidence during an interview. b. He had toa much confidence and thought that the job was his. canstantly adj., on a continual basis, happening all the time a. The company is constantly looking for highly trained employees. b. Martin constantly checked his messages to see if anyone had called for an interview. expett n., a specialist a. Our department head is an expert in financing. b. The candidate demonstrated that ha was an expert in marketing. follow up v., to take additianal steps, to continue; n., the continuation of a previous action a. Always follow up an interview with a thank-you note. b. As a follow up, the candidate sent the company a list of references. hesitant adj., reluctant; with reservation a. Marla was hesitant about negotiating a higher salary. b. The recent college graduate was hesitant about accepting his first offer. present v., ta introduce; to show; to offer for consideration a. The human resources director presents each candidate's résumé to the department supervisor for review. b. The candidate presented her qualifications so well that the employer offered her a job on the spot. weakly adv., without strength; poorly a. Her hands trembled and she spoke weakly at the interview. b. She wrote so weakly we couldn't read it, 71 72 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORDS IN CONTEXT Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. abilities backgrounds constantly apply called in experts are ready for confidence follow up weaknesses How many times in your life will you search for a new job? The (1) say probably more times than you think! Some people find the job search time-consuming and hard on their self- (2) . The best job hunters are those who never stop looking and don’t dwell on their (3) They network (4) : at meetings, at social gatherings, and with people they meet on the street. They (§)___ periodically with contacts and acquaintances to keep up with new developments. Goad job hunters assess their (6) all the time. Before they even (7) for a position, they have researched the field and the specific campanies they are interested in. They know where they could fit into the company and they tailor their résumés for each position. They try to show how their {8) match the job opening. Therefore, when they are (9) for an interview, they’re prepared. They (10} anything! At the interview, these job hunters know that they must (11) themselves in the best way possible. This is their opportunity to shine. It is also their opportunity to see if this is truly ‘the job that they want. If either party is (12) interview, it may be a sign that it isn’t a good fit. READING Part 5 Incomplete Sentences Choose the ward that best completes the sentence. 10. So many well-qualified people for the position that we won't be able to make a decision tor several weeks. {A) apply (C) applicant {B) application (D) applied 11. As the interview continued, the applicant's began to declina. (A) contidently (C} confidence (B) confident (D} confidential 12. The applicant's unique enabled her to have almost any job that she wanted. {A) expertise (C) expertly {B) experts (D) expert 13. 14, 15. LESSON 12: APPLYING AND INTERVIEWING = 75 She spake without , expressing self- confidence and projecting that she had a firm handie on the information. (A} hesitant (C) hesitatingly (B) hesitate (D) hesitation During an interview, it is important to your weaknesses in a way that shows you are working to improve them. (A) presentation (C) presentable (B) present (D) presenting Her handshake had always felt like a dead fish and it was taken as a sign of a character. {A) weak (C) weakness (B) weakly (D) weakening Part 6 Text Completion When you go on a job interview, the most important thing to remember is to prasent yourself well. Before you go, Prepare yourself by dressing neatly and professionally. When you arrive, enter the interview room _16__. Look the interviewer in the eye when you shake hands. When you talk about yourself, do not ba shy about your abilities. You are there to prove that you can do the job. Explain your work and educational background briefly and discuss the skills you have developed through experience. _17 to paint out areas in which you have expertise. The worst thing you can do is discuss your experiance weakly. Remember, if you believe in yourself, other people will, too. Don’t forget to _18 _ the interview with a thank-you note before a week has passed. 16. (A) confident (B) confidently (C) confide (D) confidence 17. (A) No hesitation (B) Not hesitating (C) Don't hesitate (D) Doesn't hesitate 18. {A) call in (B) apply to (C) be ready for (D) follow up 76 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Part 7 Reading Comprehension Questions 19-23 refer to the following letter. Matilda Moreno, Human Resources Director Milestone Marketing, Inc. 1476 Honeycutt Avenue Riverdale Dear Ms. Moreno, Lam writing in response to your ad in last Sunday's newspaper. I am interested in applying for the marketing research assistant position. ] have the background and abilities you are looking for. [have recently graduated from a four-year university program with a degree in Marketing. My work experience includes three months working as an intern for a local marketing firm, so ] have on-the-job marketing experience in addition to my university training. I have also worked for the past two years as a part-time office manager while going to school. My expe- rience at this job allowed me to develop important managerial and organizational skills. I currently live in Deerfield but am interested in relocating to Riverdale. I will be visiting Riverdale during the first week of next month and am ready to come in for an interview any time during that week. Lam enclosing my résumé and three letters of reference. Please don't hesitatc to contact me if you have any questions or need further information, I beHeve I am a good match for your company, and I am confident that J can do the job. 1 look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Samuel Rutherford 19. What kind of job is Mr. Rutherford looking for? 22. The word background in line 2 is closest in (A) Office manager. meaning to (B) Human resources director. (A) experience (C) Marketing research assistant. (B) location (D) Newspaper reporter. (C) position we (D) age 20. When does he want to have an interview? (A) Sunday. 23. The word confident in line 13 is closest in meaning (B) Next week. to (C) Next month. (A) afraid (D) In three manths. (B) Jucky (C) glad 21. What does he include with this letter? {D) sure (A) A copy of his university degree. (B) Three reference books. (C) A job description. (D) His résumé.  Lesson 13 WORDS | TO LEARN conduct generate hire keep up with look up to mentor ‘on track reject ‘set up success training update Hiring and Training Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 11, 12. conduct n., one’s behavior; v., to hold, to take place, to behave a. The trainees’ conduct during training was unacceptable. b. Interviews were conducted over a period of three weeks. generate v., to create, to produce a. The new training program generated a lot of interest among employees. b. The job fair at the college campus should generate interest in aur company. hire n., an employee; v., to employ, to offer a job or position a. The new hire has integrated well with his colleagues. b. She was hired after her third interview. keep up with v., to stay equal with a. The workers were told that they must keep up with the changes or they would find themselves without jobs. b. Employees are encouraged to take courses in order to keep up with new developments. look up to v., to admire, to think highly of a. Staff members looked up to the director because he had earned their respect over the years. b. There are few people in this world that | lock up to as much as | look up to you. mentor n., a person who guides and instructs, a resource a. The mentor helped her make some decisions about combining career and family. b. One problem with many programs is that the mentors don’t feel invested in the progress of the employees with wham they are working. on track adj., on schedule; focused a. If we stay on track, the meeting should be finished at 9:30. b. You have a lot of work; if you can’t stay on track, let me know immediately. reject n., something that has been turned down; v., to turn down; to say no, to not accept a. We put the rejects in this box. b. Even though Mr. Lukin rejected their offer, they remained in contact. set up adj., established, arranged; v., to establish, to arrange a. Check with your supervisor to make sure that your office is all set up before you begin work. b. Set up a time and place for the meeting and then inform everyone who is involved. success n., an accomplishment; reaching a goal a. The director's success came atter years of hiring the right people at the right time. b. When the manager won an award, he attributed his success to his colleagues. training n., the preparation or education for a specific job a. The new hire received such good training that, within a week, she was as productive as the other workers. b. The training is designed to prepare all workers, new and old, for the changes that the company will face. update v., to make current; n., the latest information a. The personnel officer updated the employees on the latest personnel changes. b. Our latest update shows that business is down 15 percent. 80 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORD PRACTICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION (“cor [rere Part 1 Photo Look at the picture and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. 1.@0O@0O Part 2 Question—Response Listen to the question and the three responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 2®8@@ © 3. © © © Part 3 Conversation Listen to the dialogue. Then read each question and choose the best response. 4. What is the response to the training program? 6. What will the woman do now? (A) Boredom. {A) Join a discussion. (B) Confusion. ({B) Set up the room. (C) Chaos. {C) Look for seating. (D) Enthusiasm. {D) Write a letter. 5. How long will the training program last? (A) One week. (B) Two weeks. (C) Three weeks. (D) Four weeks. Part 4 Talk Listen to the talk. Then read each question and choose the best answer. 7. Who is listening to this talk? 9. How long will they spend on the first activity? (A) New workers. (A) Two minutes. (B) Annual trainers. (B) Three minutes. (C) Patients. {C) Four minutes. (D) New mentors. {D} Five minutes. 8. What will they do first? (A) Setect participants for the program. (B) Think of traits of good teachers. ({C} Generate a list of rules. (D) Hear an update on sales figures. READING Part 5 Incomplete Sentences Choose the word that best completes the sentence. 10. The presentation was seamlessly, giving an impressive image of the team. (A} conduct (G) conducting (B) conducted (D) conductor 11. You need to consider how many new sales you in comparison ta how many standing clients put in orders. (A) generator (B) generated (C} generating {D} generation 12. After he was , he continued to take classes to upgrade his skills. (A) hiring {C) hired (B) hires (D) hire 13. 14, 15. LESSON 13: HIRING AND TRAINING 81 Unfortunately, not all candidates can be offered a job; same have to be (A) rejected (C) rejection . (B) rejecting (D) reject The of the program depends on the active participation of everyane. (A) successfully (C) successful (B) succeed {D) success In all my years of , [have never seen such a motivated group of new hires. {A) trainee (B) training (C) trains (D) trainer Part 6 Text Completion Mentoring \n order to ensure the __16 _ of new hires, many companies have implemented a mentor program. This is a formal way to provide new hires with the guidance they need to __17_ the responsibilities of their new position. With a mentor in place, the new hire knows exactly who to ga to when confused about policies and procedures. In addition, many mentors conduct regular meetings with the peaple they are responsible for. This way they can make sure that no serious problems arise. A mentor does not necessarily replace formal ___18 programs. In fact, they often go hand in hand. New hires may need a tot of support initially. Mentors are a good way to provide this. 16. (A) success (B) succeed (C) successful (O) successfully 17. (A) set up (B) look up to (C) keep up with (D) stay on track with 18. (A) train (B) trainer (C) trained (D) training 82 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Part 7 Reading Comprehension Questions 19-23 refer to the following memo and e-mail message. Memo To: All new hires From: Edwin Mallory, Human Resources Director Re: Training session All new hires are required to attend a training session which will take place on Friday, October 12 from 9:30 A.M. until 3:30 P.M. The session will be conducted in Meeting Room 3, and lunch will be provided. During the session you will get an overview of company peli- cies and procedures. You will also be updated on changes in the benefits package and learn about pro- fessional development vpportunities you will be required to participate in so that you can keep up with changes in your field, Attendance at this taining is mandatory for everyone hired since June of this year. There will be no excuses. 19. How long will the training session last? (A) Three hours. (B) Six haurs. (C) Nine hours. (D) Twelve hours. 20. Who must attend the training session? {A) All company employees. {B) Only members of the Human Resources Department. (C) Mentors and supervisors. (D) All new hires. 21. Why doesn’t Amelia Foote want to attend the training session? (A) She has an important family event. (B) She thinks it won’t be useful. (C) She believes the next session will be better. (D) She doesn’t have permission from her supervisor. To: Edwin Mallory From: Amelia Foote Subject: Training session Dear Mr. Mallory, I just learned from your memo that I will be required to attend the training session on October 12. Unfortunately, I had already planned to be out of the office that week attending my niece’s wedding. My supervisor has given me permission tu take that time off, and I have already purchased my plane tickets. [ didn’t know about the date of the training session when I set up these plans, and it will be very difficult to change them now. My mentor suggested that I ask you for permission to miss this training session. I am willing to attend the next session instead. [ hape you don’t reject this offer. It is very important to me to be able to attond this family event. Thank you. Amelia Foote . The word conducted in line 3 of the memo is closest in meaning to (A) announced (B) informed (C) learned (D) held . The werd reject In line 12 of the e-mail is closest in Meaning to (A) consider (B) accept (C) say no (D) agree io WORD FAMILIES LESSON 14: SALARIES AND BENEFITS = 85 | noun aya basis Your raise will be determined on the basis of performance alone. | base We base promotions on seniority. | adjective) based Based on the assumption that you will earn more in your new position, you can 4 afford the car you've been wanting. | verb | benefit (n order to benefit fram the plan, you must fill out the paperwork and submit It 2 to the persannel office. noun benefits The new employee's benefits went into effect three months after his start date. adjective beneficial The service that the insurance has provided has been very beneficial. “verb compensate The company compensates its full-time employees well. noun compensation Compensatian will be based on your work performance over the past six months. adjective compensatory Compensatory time is given in lieu of overtime pay. adverb flexibly She approaches problems flexibly, looking at the situation from every different angle. adjective flexible Younger workers tend to be more flexible with their work schedules. noun flexibility His flexibility on benefits was one of tha main reasons we were able to hire him at this time. verb negotiate The employee prepared a list of her accomplishments to share with her supervisor so that she could negotiate a higher salary. houn negotiation The director was very pleased that the negotiations brought about the end of the strike. noun negotiator | should take lessons from Mr. Tarsa; he is such a skilled negotiator. verb retire Many people don’t know what te do with all their time when they retire from work, houn retirement The administrator added more money to the fund for her retirement. adjective tetired The ratired worker came back to the office from time to time to see his friends. 86 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORD PRACTICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION (cor \ Track 14 | | Part 1 Photo Look at the picture and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. 1@©@800 Part 2 Question—Response Listen to the question and the three responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 20@@© 38 ® © Part 3 Conversation Listen to the dialogue. Then read each question and choose the best response. 4. Why is the man disappointed? 6. What benefit does he get? (A) His health coverage is poor. (A) Life insurance. {B) He asked for too much compensation. (B) Health insurance. (GC) He doesn’t know how to negotiate. (C) Paid vacation. (D) He doesn’t eam enough money. (D) Regular raises. 5. How long has he been working at the company? (A) Two months. (B) Four months. (C) Six months. (D) Nine months. Part 4 Talk Listen to the talk. Then read each question and choose the best answer. 7. How often are raises given? 9. How many days of paid vacation does each (A) Once a year. employee get? (B) Twice a year. (A) Five. (C) At an employee's request. (8) Ten. (DB) Whenever an employee is eligible for a raise. (C) Fourteen. (D) Forty-two. 8. Where should employees go to learn more about wage increases? (A) The Employee Handbook. (B) Their paycheck stubs. (C) Their contract. (D) Their supervisor. READING Part 5 Incomplete Sentences: Choose the word that best completes the sentence. 10. All tamporary workers are paid on an hourly and receive no benefits. (A) base (C) basis (B) based (D) basic 11, What is the company’s policy on for part-time workers? (A) benefited (B) beneficial (C) benetits (D) benefit 12. The tired employee hoped that she would be for all the long hours she kept and weekends she worked. (A) compensation (C) compensated (B) compensates (D) compensate 13. 14. 15. LESSON 14: SALARIES AND BENEFITS 87 Sometimes the manager is too and his workers take advantage of him. {A) flex (C) flexibly (B) flexible (D) flexibility If the continue into the evening, we will break for dinner at six. {A) negotiator (C) negotiate {B) negotiations (D) negotiated No one is sure what will happen to the company when the president finally (A) retires (C) retired {B) retirement (D) retiree Part 6 Text Completion To ail unian members: Your union has been working for you. You may _16 aware that we have been negotiating with management for improvements in the benefits package. Yesterday an agreement was reached on the follawing points: 1) All employees of the company will be __17__ for an increase in wages every six months, following a performance review. Reasons for refusal to give a raise must be carefully documented accarding to union guidelines. 2) Employees _18 at one and a half times their usual hourly wages for overtime hours. Any time worked beyond 40 hours a week counts as overtime. 3) Part-time employees can now receive full health benefits. It is each employee's responsibility to complete and submit the application forms. Part-time employees are also guaranteed five days of paid vacation per year. These two benefits apply to employees who work a minimum of 20 hours per week on a permanent basis. 16. (A) be (B) is (C) are (D) were 17. (A) flexible (B) beneficial (C) eligible (D) negotiable 18. (A) will compensate (B) are going to compensate (C) will be compensated (D) have to compensate 90 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEICG TEST WORDS IN CONTEXT Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. achievements look forward merits promotions contributions look ta obvious recognizes dedicate loyalty productivity value Congratulations. You have been chosen by your colleagues to receive the Keeler Award of Excellence. This prestigious award (1) employees who have made extraordinary (2) to the corporation over the years. Your coworkers gave several reasons for selecting you. First, they mentioned your (3) in the marketing department. In the past four years, you have had four (4) in this department, all based on the many (5) of your work in developing our image in new markets. In addition, your (6) fo the department is (7) to all. Many of your coworkers mention that they (8) you for advice. Your supervisor praised your high (9) The Keeler Award acknowledges an employee's (10) with a $1,000 banus. We (11) to the opportunity to (12) a rosebush in the company garden in each recipient's name. The awards ceremony will be held on August 7 on the front lawn at 10:30 a.m. Again, congratulations. WORD FAMILIES LESSON 15: PROMOTIONS, PENSIONS, AND AWARDS = 91 achievement His achievements were noticed by the vice president and he was sent to the London office. achieve Making a list of your objectives will help you achieve them. achiever Mr. Vadji always considered himself a high achiever. | contribute All employees were urged to contribute something useful at the staff meetings. contribution Each of you has made a significant contribution to our team’s success. | contributor As contributars to the company’s outstanding year, all employees will receive an additional holiday bonus. | dedicate The manager dedicates too much time to reports and not enough time fo the customer. | dedication Margo’s dedication to the company was rewarded with a two-week trip ta Hawaii. adjective dedicated Before the change in management, he used to be a more dedicated worker. I adjective | loyal He has been both a loyal coworker and a loyal friend. moun loyalty Her loyalty to the company impressed even the owners. adverb loyally The security officer loyally guarded the company’s vault. adjective productive The most productive team in the department will win a two-day vacation in the Bahamas. noun product The new product will be released in the early spring. | verb produce The film was produced in Manila. verb promote in order to move ahead in the company, you must promote yourself. noun promotion Promotions are given to those who prove their worth. noun promoter As the main promoter of the product, Ms. Ross was responsible for the marketing campaign. 92 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST WORD PRACTICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION (cor \ Track sl it Part 1 Photo Look at the picture and fisten to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. 1.®@8690 Part 2 Question—-Response Listen to the question and the three responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 2@8 © 3@® © Part 3 Conversation Listen to the dialogue. Then read each question and choose the best response. 4. Why will the ceremony be held? (A) To honor Darrell. (B) To boast about preduction figures. (C) To celebrate the opening of a new office. (D) To present awards. 5. When will the ceremony be held? (A) Teday. (B) Tuesday. (C) Tonight. (B) Tomorrow. 6. What is the speaker's opinion of Darrell? (A) He is loyal. (B) He is not productive. (C) He is unimpressive. (D) He is not a hard worker. Part 4 Talk Listen fo the talk. Then read each question and choose the best answer. 7. Who is talking? (A) Two employees. (B) An award presenter. {C) Community volunteers. (D) A professor. 8. Who is the audience? (A) Students. (B) Customers. (C) Employees. (D) Citizens. 9. When did the campany open? (A) 1965. (B) 1975. (C) 1985. (D) 1995. WORD REVIEW #2 95, Word Review #3 Lessons 11-15 Personnel Choose the word that best completes the sentence. with a good ad is time-consuming. (A) Coming up (B) Coming to (C) Coming by (D) Coming on To the best and the brightest, companies have to be willing to pay well. (A) recruit (B) recruits {C) recruiting (D) recruitment A qualified candidate usually exudes (A) confident (B) confidence {C) confidential (D) confidentially Any applicant is wise to with a note or a phone call. (A) follow after (B) follow behind {C) follow up (D) follow with an interview Workers are promoted on their and merits. (A) achieve {B) achieved (C) achiever (D) achievements 6. 10. . Health The benefits package is an important aspect of contract . (A) negotiate (B) negotiable (C) negotiations (D) negotiated . Some employees have to wait years before thay are fully (A) vest (B) vested (C) vesting (D) vests in the company pension plan. are very important for an employee who develops a serious medical problem. (A) benefit (B) benefits (C) beneficial (D) beneficiary LA and hard-working employee can look forward to rapid promotions. {A) dedicate (B) dedication (C) dedicating (D) dedicated A company that recognizes receive employee loyalty in return. (A) obvious {B) obviously (C) oblivious (D) obliviously merit will 96 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST Choose the one word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Thank you for your interest in working at Plytel Corporation. To apply for a position, please __11__ a résumé and a letter explaining your background and interest. We will keep your information on file for a year. If your qualifications match available openings, we will cal you 12 for an interview. Please do not call us; we will contact you if we have a position suited to your__13_. 11. (A) submit 13. (A) able (B) will submit (B) ably (C) to submit (C) enable (DB) submitting (D) abitittes 12. (A) on (B) in (C) to (D) at When your company has a job opening, It is important to hire the right person for the job. The job interview offers you, the employer, an opportunity to get to know each __14__ and assess his or her ability to do the job. You will have many questions for the applicants, but you should also __15 _ ready for questions from them. In addition to under- standing the job duties, they may want to know about __16 offered by your company such as vacations and health care. 14. (A) expert 16. {A) beneficiaries (B) mentor ({B) beneficial {C) supervisor (C) beneficent (D) candidate {D) benefits 15. (A) be (B) do (C) have (D) will be Getting a promotion is a great honor. It msans your company __17__ your merits. When you are promoted to the posi- tion of supervisor, your work life changes. You are now in a position of responsibility. It is impartant to set a gaod exam- ple because your staff__18 __ you. If you carry out your job respansibilities 19 , you will gain their respect. This is the key to success in your new position. 17. (A) recruits 49. (A) confident (B) contributes (B) confidence {C) recognizes (C) confidently (D) dedicates (D) confidentia 18. (A) looks for (B) looks up to {C) looks down on {D) looks forward to  Lesson 16 WORDS TO LEARN bargain bear behavior checkout comfort expand explore item mandatory merchandise ‘strictly trend Shopping Study the following definitions and examples. 1. 10. 11. 12, bargain v., to negotiate; n., an advantageous purchase a. She bargained for over an hour, finally reducing the price by half. b. Lois compared the sweaters carefully to determine which was a better bargain. bear v., to have tolerance for; to endure a. Moya doesn’ like crowds so she cannot bear to shop during the holiday rush. b. If you can bear with ma, I'd like to stop in one more store. behavior n., the manner of one’s actions a. Annu is conducting a survey on whether consumer behavior differs between men and women. b. Suspicious behavior in a department store will draw the attention of the security guards. checkout n., the act, time, or place of checking out, as at a hotel, library, or supermarket a. The line at this checkout is too long, so let's look for another. b. Get in the checkout line now and I'll join you with the last items. comfort v., to calm somebody; n., a condition or feeling of pleasurable ease, well-being, and contentment a. Comfort yourself with a down quilt this winter. b. [like to dress for comfort if I’m spending the day shopping. expand v., to increase the size, volume, quantity, or scope af; to enlarge a. The new manager has significantly expanded the store’s inventory. b. The shoe store is out of room and is thinking about expanding into the adjacent vacant building. explore v., to investigate systematically a. The collector likes to explore antique shops looking for bargains. b. While his mother shopped for clothes, Michael wandered off to explore the toy section. item n., a single article or unit a. The grocery store has a special checkout line for people who are purchasing fewer than ten items. b. Do you think | can get all these items into one bag? mandatory adj., required or commanded; obligatory a. The jewelry store has a mandatory policy of showing customers only one item at a time. b. There is a mandatory limit of nine items for use of this checkout line. merchandise n., items available in stores a. !am very impressed with the selection of merchandise at this store. b. Helen wanted to make sure that the store had a wide variety of merchandise before she committed to buying a gift certificate. strictly adv., rigidly, without flexibility a. Our store strictly enforces its return policy. b. Their high turnover rate is no surprise, considering haw strictly the manager deals with them. trend n., the current style; vogue a. The clothing store tries to stay on top of all the new trands. b. Miloshi followed market trends closely before she bought a clothing franchise. 97