HSC Physics Exame Paper and Formula Sheet, Exams of Engineering Physics

Download HSC Physics Exame Paper and Formula Sheet and more Exams Engineering Physics in PDF only on Docsity! NSW Education Standards Authority 2019 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION Physics General Instructions • Reading time – 5 minutes • Working time – 3 hours • Write using black pen • Draw diagrams using pencil • Calculators approved by NESA may be used • A data sheet, formulae sheet and Periodic Table are provided at the back of this paper Total marks: 100 Section I – 20 marks (pages 2–14) • Attempt Questions 1–20 • Allow about 35 minutes for this section Section II – 80 marks (pages 17–36) • Attempt Questions 21–36 • Allow about 2 hours and 25 minutes for this section 1060 Section I 20 marks Attempt Questions 1–20 Allow about 35 minutes for this section Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–20. 1 A projectile is launched by a cannon as shown. Which arrow represents the velocity of the projectile at its maximum height? A. B. C. D. 2 Two stars were observed from Earth. Their spectra are shown with the wavelength in nanometres. Star X: 400 500 600 700 Star Y: 400 500 600 700 Using these spectra, what can be concluded about the motion of the stars relative to Earth and their chemical compositions? A. B. C. D. Motion relative to Earth Chemical composition The same The same Different The same The same Different Different Different – 2 – 7 A bar magnet is moved away from a stationary coil. Which diagram correctly shows the direction of the induced current in the coil and the resulting magnetic polarity of the coil? N S N A. S NN B. S NS C. S NS D. – 5 – 8 A typical galaxy has a diameter of 100 000 light years (~30 000 pc). Which graph is consistent with Hubble’s measurements of the recessional velocity of galaxies? A. 1500 1000 500 0 R ec es si on al v el oc ity (k m s –1 ) 0 1 2 3 Distance (× 106 pc) B. 1500 R ec es si on al v el oc ity (k m s –1 ) 1000 500 0 0 1 2 3 Distance (× 106 light years) R ec es si on al v el oc ity (k m s –1 ) C. 1500 1000 500 0 0 1 2 3 Distance (× 106 pc) (k m s –1 ) D. 1500 1000 500 R ec es si on al v el oc ity 0 0 1 2 3 Distance (× 106 light years) – 6 – 9 Two satellites have the same mass. One (LEO) is in low-Earth orbit and the other (GEO) is in a geostationary orbit. The total energy of a satellite is half its gravitational potential energy. Which row of the table correctly identifies the satellite with the greater orbital period and the satellite with the greater total energy? A. B. C. D. Greater orbital period Greater total energy LEO LEO LEO GEO GEO LEO GEO GEO 10 A beam of light passes through two polarisers. The second polariser has a transmission axis at an angle of 30° to that of the first polariser. The intensity of the light beam before and after the second polariser is I0 and IB respectively. IBI0 Polariser Polariser Beam of light Which row of the table correctly identifies the value of , IB I0 and the model of light demonstrated by this investigation? – 7 – A. B. C. D. Value of IB I0 Model of light demonstrated 0.750 Wave model 0.750 Particle model 0.866 Wave model 0.866 Particle model 16 The diagram shows the trajectory of a particle with charge q and mass m when fired horizontally into a vacuum chamber, where it falls under the influence of gravity. 10 cm 10 cm d The horizontal distance, d, travelled by the particle is recorded. The experiment is repeated with a uniform vertical electric field applied such that the particle travels the same horizontal distance, d, but strikes the upper surface of the chamber. d 10 cm 10 cm What is the magnitude of the electric field? – 10 – A. mgq B. 2mgq C. mg q D. 2mg q 17 A straight current-carrying conductor, QR, is connected to a battery and a variable resistor. QR is enclosed in an evacuated chamber with a fluorescent screen at one end. Fluorescent screen Variable resistor Battery Cathode ray Q W X R Z Y A cathode ray enters the chamber directly above Q, initially travelling parallel to QR. It passes through the chamber and strikes the fluorescent screen causing a bright spot. Which direction will this spot move towards if the resistance is increased? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z – 11 – 18 A circular loop of wire is connected to a battery and a lamp. The apparatus is moved from P to Q along the path shown at a constant velocity through a region containing a uniform magnetic field. Lamp P Q Which graph shows the brightness of the lamp as the apparatus moves between P and Q? A. Time B ri gh tn es s B. B ri gh tn es s Time B ri gh tn es s C. Time – 12 – B ri gh tn es s . Time D BLANK PAGE – 15 – BLANK PAGE – 16 – © 2019 NSW Education Standards Authority D o N O T w ri te i n t h is a re a . 2019 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION Centre Number Physics Section II Answer Booklet Student Number 80 marks Attempt Questions 21–36 Allow about 2 hours and 25 minutes for this section Instructions • Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this page. • Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces provide guidance for the expected length of response. • Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations. • Extra writing space is provided at the back of this booklet. If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering. Please turn over – 17 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 5638310365 1061 15330 Question 24 (7 marks) A step-up transformer is constructed using a solid iron core. The coils are made using copper wires of different thicknesses as shown. Solid iron core ResistorAC supply The table shows electrical data for this transformer. Vs Is V Ip p 50 V 9 A –1 500 J s (a) Explain how the operation of this transformer remains consistent with the law of conservation of energy. Include a relevant calculation in your answer. 3 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (b) Explain how TWO modifications to this transformer would improve its efficiency. 4 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... – 20 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 5486310366 D o N O T w rite in th is a re a . D o N O T w ri te i n t h is a re a . Question 25 (4 marks) The diagram shows a model of electromagnetic waves. E B Propagation directionOscillating charge v Relate this model to predictions made by Maxwell. ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Please turn over – 21 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 7986310363 Question 26 (6 marks) A student carried out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the torque produced by a force and the angle at which the force is applied. A 400 N force was applied to the same position on the handle of a spanner at different angles, as shown. Bolt 25 cm q Force (400 N) A high-precision device measured the torque applied to the bolt. The data from the experiment is graphed below. 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Angle (degrees) To rq ue ( N m ) Question 26 continues on page 23 D o N O T w rite in th is a re a . – 22 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 0736310369 D o N O T w ri te i n t h is a re a . Question 28 (3 marks) A metal loop, WXYZ is connected to a battery and placed in a uniform magnetic field. A current flows through the loop in the direction shown. 3 N W X P I Q Battery Z Y S The loop is then allowed to rotate by 90° about the axis PQ. Compare the forces acting on WX and XY before and after this rotation. ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... – 25 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 0136310363 Question 29 (3 marks) A particle having mass m and charge q is accelerated from rest through a potential difference V. Assume that the only force acting on the particle is due to the electric field associated with this potential difference. 3 Show that the final velocity of the particle is given by ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... – 26 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 7037310360 D o N O T w rite in th is a re a . 2qV v = . m D o N O T w ri te i n t h is a re a . Question 30 (6 marks) A ball, initially at rest in position P, travels along a frictionless track to point Q and then falls to strike the floor below. P Track Q NOT TO SCALE Floor At the instant the ball leaves the track at Q it has a velocity of 1.5 m s at an angle of 50° to the horizontal. (a) Calculate the difference in height between P and Q. 3 –1 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (b) The ball takes 0.5 s to reach the floor after leaving the track at Q. Calculate the height of Q above the floor. 3 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... – 27 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 2207310364 Question 32 (5 marks) Describe how specific experiments have contributed to our understanding of the electron and ONE other fundamental particle. 5 ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... – 30 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 6577310368 D o N O T w rite in th is a re a . D o N O T w ri te i n t h is a re a . Question 33 (4 marks) A proton and an alpha particle are fired into a uniform magnetic field with the same speed from opposite sides as shown. Their trajectories are initially perpendicular to the field. 4 AlphaProton particle Explain ONE similarity and ONE difference in their trajectories as they move in the magnetic field. ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... – 31 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 4074310368 Question 34 (9 marks) Use the following information to answer this question. 9 Earth’s distance from the sun, r ...................................................1.5 × 10 m Intensity of solar radiation at a distance r from the sun ..............1360 W m–2 Surface area of a sphere ........................................................................... 4pr 2 11 Radiation curve for the sun Intensity 400 500 600 700 Wavelength (nm) Describe both the production and radiation of energy by the sun. In your answer, include a quantitative analysis of both the power output and the surface temperature of the sun. ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... Question 34 continues on page 33 – 32 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 9566310369 D o N O T w rite in th is a re a . D o N O T w ri te i n t h is a re a . Question 36 (7 marks) A radon-198 atom, initially at rest, undergoes alpha decay. The masses of the atoms involved are shown in atomic mass units (u). radon-198 polonium-194 + helium-4 197.999 u 193.988 u 4.00260 u The kinetic energy of the polonium atom produced is 2.55 × 10−14 J. By considering mass defect, calculate the kinetic energy of the alpha particle, and explain why it is significantly greater than that of the polonium atom. ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... 7 End of paper – 35 – Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 2306310364 Section II extra writing space If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering. D o N O T w rite in th is a re a . – 36 – © 2019 NSW Education Standards Authority Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line. 2770310369 2019 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION Physics DATA SHEET 1062 – 1 –