Human Nutrition chapters 10 | FACS 111 - HUMAN NUTRITION, Quizzes of Nutrition

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TERM 1 healthy weight DEFINITION 1 body weight relative to height that doesn't increase the risk of developing weight-related health problems or diseases TERM 2 weight management DEFINITION 2 maintaining weight within a healthy range TERM 3 overweight DEFINITION 3 10-15 pounds more than healthy weight TERM 4 65 DEFINITION 4 more than _% of Americans are overweight TERM 5 obesity DEFINITION 5 25-40 pounds more than healthy body weight TERM 6 35 DEFINITION 6 almost _% of Americans are obese TERM 7 hypertension/stroke gallbladder disease/type 2 diabetes/osteoarthritis/some cancers/sleep apnea DEFINITION 7 risks of being overweight (8) TERM 8 5-10 DEFINITION 8 losing _% of bodyweight can produce health benefits TERM 9 underweight DEFINITION 9 weighing too little for your weight TERM 10 excessive calorie restriction/ physical activity/ underlying medical conditions/ emotional stress DEFINITION 10 causes of underweight (4) TERM 21 positive energy balance DEFINITION 21 more calories consumed than expended TERM 22 negative energy balance DEFINITION 22 more calories expended than consumed TERM 23 basal metabolism rate 50-70 thermic effect of food 10 physical activities 20-35 DEFINITION 23 energy needs comprised of (3) and percentages TERM 24 basal metabolism rate DEFINITION 24 minimum amount of energy needed to function TERM 25 60 DEFINITION 25 BMR makes up to _% of total energy needs TERM 26 lean body mass DEFINITION 26 main factor that affects BMR TERM 27 thermic effect on food DEFINITION 27 amount of calories expended to digest, absorb, and process food TERM 28 less than half of BMR DEFINITION 28 energy expended by sedentary people equals what TERM 29 twice DEFINITION 29 very active athletes can expend ____ the BMR TERM 30 EER DEFINITION 30 daily energy need based on age, gender, height, weight, and activity level TERM 31 glycogen and fat DEFINITION 31 stored ___&___ are used as fuel sources TERM 32 glucose DEFINITION 32 amino acids from body protein breakdown can be used to make ___ TERM 33 liver glycogen DEFINITION 33 prolonged fat depletes all ___ ____ TERM 34 ketone bodies DEFINITION 34 what are generated from an incomplete breakdown of fat TERM 35 60 DEFINITION 35 fat stores and about 1/3 of lean tissue mass are depleted in __ days TERM 46 true DEFINITION 46 insulin causes brain to decrease hunger T/F TERM 47 energy imbalance DEFINITION 47 what results from the overriding of mechanisms TERM 48 doubles, triples, 5x DEFINITION 48 risk of being obese ___ if parents are overweight, ___ if they are obese, ___greater if severely obese TERM 49 set point theory DEFINITION 49 holds that body opposes weight loss and works to maintain a set weight TERM 50 obesity DEFINITION 50 gene environment interaction increases risk of ___ in some people TERM 51 32 DEFINITION 51 __% of our calories come from fast food TERM 52 600 DEFINITION 52 americans are eating __ more cals. a day than in 1970 TERM 53 10 DEFINITION 53 encouraged to lose __% of weight over a 6 mo period TERM 54 3500 DEFINITION 54 to lose one pound, need a ___ cal. deficit TERM 55 45; 10,000 DEFINITION 55 __ minutes a day to prevent overweight and ___ steps a day TERM 56 behavior modification DEFINITION 56 changing behavior to contribute to weight loss or gain TERM 57 40 DEFINITION 57 BMI over __ is extreme obesity TERM 58 weight cycling DEFINITION 58 repeated weight gain and loss of body weight TERM 59 disordered eating DEFINITION 59 abnormal or potentially harmful eating behaviors that doesn't meet criteria for eating disorders TERM 60 eating disorder DEFINITION 60 physiological illness that involves specific abnormal eating behaviors and other factors TERM 71 weight changes scars on knuckles avoiding social situations hair loss mood changes DEFINITION 71 signs of disordered eating (5) TERM 72 physical fitness DEFINITION 72 good health or physical condition, primarily the result of exercise and proper nutrition TERM 73 cardiorespiratory endurance muscle strength muscle endurance flexibility body composition DEFINITION 73 5 components of physical fitness TERM 74 cardiorespiratory endurance running and biking oxygen and energy DEFINITION 74 ability to sustain cardiorespiratory exercise for extended timeexamplesmust provide enough __ and __ to muscles TERM 75 muscle strength DEFINITION 75 ability to produce force for a brief time TERM 76 muscle endurance strength training DEFINITION 76 ability to exert force for a long period of time without fatigueexample TERM 77 flexibility stretching DEFINITION 77 range of motion around a joint example TERM 78 helps achieve and maintain healthy body weight/ reduces risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer/ improves body composition, bone health, immune system/ improves overall health, restful sleep, stress reduction DEFINITION 78 4 benefits of physical fitness TERM 79 half DEFINITION 79 over __ adults in US don't meet req. TERM 80 low, high DEFINITION 80 to increase strength, __ number of reps using heavy weightsto increase endurance, __ number of reps using lighter weights TERM 81 60; 150 DEFINITION 81 __ minutes of exercise a week for some benefits__ minutes of exercise substantial benefits and reduced risk of chroic disease TERM 82 anaerobic; ATP and creatine phosphate DEFINITION 82 energy during the first few minutes of exercise I provided by ____ energy production from breakdown of 2 things TERM 83 carbs DEFINITION 83 primary energy source during a high intensity workout TERM 84 fat DEFINITION 84 ___ is preferred for low intensity TERM 85 blood glucose and stored glycogen DEFINITION 85 carbs from ___ and ___ in muscle and liver TERM 96 liver DEFINITION 96 amino acids are converted to glucose in ___ TERM 97 1.2 - 1.4 DEFINITION 97 endurance athletes need how many grams of protein per kg of body weight TERM 98 1.2-1.7 DEFINITION 98 resistance and strength activities athletes need how many grams per kg of body weight TERM 99 type and schedule of exercise DEFINITION 99 total calorie needs depends on what TERM 100 maintenance and growth DEFINITION 100 carbs and protein for muscle __ and ___ TERM 101 metabolism DEFINITION 101 vitamins and minerals play a role in what TERM 102 iron DEFINITION 102 low __ causes fatigue in exercise TERM 103 sports anemia DEFINITION 103 decreased hemoglobin can result from strenuous training due to increased blood volume TERM 104 nausea, heat cramps, low BP, edema DEFINITION 104 electrolyte imbalance causes TERM 105 cools DEFINITION 105 evaporation __ the body TERM 106 carbs, sodium, potassium DEFINITION 106 sports drinks contain TERM 107 hyponatremia DEFINITION 107 low sodium blood levels due to too much water without electrolytes TERM 108 true DEFINITION 108 thirst is not a good indicator of fluid needs TERM 109 increase oxygen carrying capacity of blood DEFINITION 109 erythropoietin and blood doping is done to