Human population explosion | Causes, Effects & solutions || by Mamoona Ghaffar, Assignments of Social Sciences

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HUMAN POPULATION EXPLOSSION Presented by: **Mamoona Ghaffar** na HUMAN POPULATION EXPLOSSION : IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT SUBMITTED TO: MA’AM MEMOONA ASIM SUBMITTED BY: MAMOONA GHAFFAR ROLL NO: 35846 DEGREE: BS HONS BOTANY (REGULAR) COURSE TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY COURSE CODE: BOT-602 TOPIC: HUMAN POPULATION EXPLOSION : IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT Introductio nThe literal meaning of population explosion is a “ pyramiding of numbers of a biological population ” . In simple words, it can be defined as increase in birth rates and decrease in death rates. Demography: is the study of human population and things affect them such as births, deaths, income. The human population is not increasing at a uniform rate in all parts of the world.  The population change is calculated by the formula: Population change = (Births + Immigration) - (Deaths + Emigration )  Its boon for a developed country .  But its curse for developing country. Formula:  The population of Pakistan is 32.5 million at the time of independence in 1947.  It has now increased to around 150-160 million people in a year 2000.  About 20 year ago human population was increasing at the rate of 2% a year and was doubling every 35 years, thus increasing demand for food space & other resources. EXAMPLE OF POPULATION EXPLOSION IN PAKISTAN Mamoona 1.Accelerating birth rate Due to lack of awareness about the positive impact of using birth control method, there has been a steady growth in birth rate . 2. Decrease in infant mortality rate: Improvement science and technology and wide usage of drugs has reduce the infant mortality rate. 3. Increase immigration: It happens when a large number arrive at an already populated place with intention to reside permanently. CAUSES OF POPULATION EXPLOSION 4. Lack of Family Planning • Most developing nations have a large number of people who are illiterate, live below the poverty line, and have little or no knowledge about family planning. 5. Technological Advancement in Fertility Treatment • With the latest technological advancement and more discoveries in medical science, it has become possible for couples who are unable to conceive to undergo fertility treatment methods and have their own babies. 6. Better Medical Facilities • Medical science made many discoveries thanks to which they were able to defeat a whole range of diseases. 1. Over population: It is a condition where population surges to a level that the earth cannot accommodate comfortably and poses a threat to the environment 2. Poor Health: When there is high population growth people do not get adequate food & nutrition. Then they may suffer from poor health. 3.unemployment: In developing countries like Pakistan with a backward economy & little scope for fruitful employment millions of people find no work to do. 4. illiteracy: Population explosion is the key reason for illiteracy . Because of illiteracy people are not caring the environment. EFFECTS OF POPULATION EXPLOSION 1.Generation of waste: . ti f st : Due to destructive activities man has dumped more and more waste in environment. As the man-made waste is not transformed so it causes degradation & the capacity of environment to absorb more waste is reduced. Further, waste leads to air & water pollution. ue to destructive activities an has du ped ore and ore aste in environ ent. s the an- ade aste is not transfor ed so it causes degradation the capacity of environ ent to absorb ore aste is reduced. Further, aste leads to air ater pollution. Mamoona 2. Urbanization: . i i Rapid growth of population has led to urbanization which has adversely affected environment. Due to population pressure, natural resources in the cities are depleted at a fast rate. apid gro th of population has led to urbanization hich has adversely affected environ ent. ue to population pressure, natural resources in the cities are depleted at a fast rate. MamoonaMamoona As the population grows, more and more forests are cleared. The 2 most common reasons for deforestations are to make houses for increased number of people to live in, & to use wood as a fuel in the industries. As a result the trees that help us in reducing the air pollution through the process of photosynthesis are not able to do so any more. s the population gro s, ore and ore forests are cleared. The 2 ost co on reasons for deforestations are to ake houses for increased nu ber of people to live in, to use ood as a fuel in the industries. s a result the trees that help us in reducing the air pollution through the process of photosynthesis are not able to do so any ore. 3. Air pollution: . Mamoona 6. Depletion Of Ozone Layer . l ti f The ozone layer has been gradually ruined by the effect of CFCs. Other chemicals such as, Bromine, Halocarbons, Nitrous oxides from fertilizers, Nitrogen oxides & Methane may also attack the ozone layer. The concentration of CFCs has been increased as the human population has grown & the thickness of ozone layer has been lesser to the extent that a hole has been formed. Antarctica was an early victim. The ozone layer has been gradually ruined by the effect of CFCs. ther che icals such as, Bro ine, alocarbons, itrous oxides fro fertilizers, itrogen oxides ethane ay also attack the ozone layer. The concentration of CFCs has been increased as the hu an population has gro n the thickness of ozone layer has been lesser to the extent that a hole has been for ed. ntarctica as an early victi . 7. Extinction of species . ti ti f i More than 1.1 Billion people live in areas that conservationists considers the richest in non-human species 7 most threatened by the human activities. Modern agricultural practices destroyed the precious micro ecosystem that take centuries to form & support all life on land. ore than 1.1 illion people live in areas that conservationists considers the richest in non-hu an species 7 ost threatened by the hu an activities. odern agricultural practices destroyed the precious icro ecosyste that take centuries to for support all life on land. 8. Land / soil Degradation: . / il ti : The demand for food, energy & other human requirements depends upon the preservation & improvement of the productivity of land. Intensive faming and excessive use of fertilizers & pesticides have led to over exploitation of land & water resources. These have led to land degradation in the form of soil erosion, water logging & salinization. The de and for food, energy other hu an require ents depends upon the preservation i prove ent of the productivity of land. Intensive fa ing and excessive use of fertilizers pesticides have led to over exploitation of land water resources. These have led to land degradation in the for of soil erosion, water logging salinization. Mamoona 11. Climate change. li t Climate changes are irregular due to green house gases. Urban people are still being exposed to un accepted levels of toxic pollutants. Further, forests are still being degraded by acid deposition generated by faraway industries, and greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in the atmosphere. li ate changes are irregular due to green house gases. rban people are still being exposed to un accepted levels of toxic pollutants. Further, forests are still being degraded by acid deposition generated by fara ay industries, and greenhouse gases continue to accu ulate in the at osphere. Mamoona Other measuresEconomic easures Social measures MEASURES TO CONTROL POPULATION EXPLOSION Mamoona Social Measures 1) Rising the status of women 2) Spread of education 3) Minimum age of marriage 4) Change in social outlook 5) Social security 6) Adoption Mamoona Consequences ora population exprosion in developing counmMes Sittation of rivers. Loss of fisheries Flooding POPULATION EXPLOSION Poaching of Farms subdivided into small wildlife plots no longer able to Brugs support families. Corruption Other illegal activities J Wildlife extinction | Antibiotic Migration Loss of biodiversity resistant Environmental refugees Global climate change strains of immigration pressures . = = tuberculosis, on developed countries malaria, — " pneumonia, STDs Conseq for the developed Aurore [ consequences for the developed countries | mage by: Mamoona REFERENCE  https://slideplayer.com/slide/16164092/  https://www.slideshare.net/Mustheenak/population-explosion-733469 64  https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/essay/effects-of-population-growth -on-our-environment/39624  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o9kLYdVAz0c  https://www.thebalancesmb.com/how-overpopulation-impacts-the-en vironment-4172964  https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/essays/measures-to-control-po pulation-of-india/2249 Bikey S: MAMOONA GHAFFAR a \ $