ILTS 305 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers for English Grammar, Exams of Nursing

Download ILTS 305 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers for English Grammar and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! ILTS 305 Midterm Exam Questions with Answers 100% Success Noun - Correct Answers person, place, thing, or idea common noun - Correct Answers general name for a person, place, or thing proper noun - Correct Answers SPECIFIC person, place, thing, or idea General noun - Correct Answers Name of condition or idea. E.g. beauty, truth Specific nouns - Correct Answers Names people, places and things, such as baby, friend, town, rainbow collective noun - Correct Answers word that names a group. E.g. class, company, group. Pronoun - Correct Answers word that takes the place of a noun personal noun - Correct Answers refers to a person I, you, she, it Relative pronoun - Correct Answers linked group of words preceding noun or pronoun; examples: who, which, that interrogative pronoun - Correct Answers pronoun that asks a question; examples: who, whom, whose, what, which demonstrative pronoun - Correct Answers this, that, these, those indefinite pronoun - Correct Answers pronoun that does not refer to a specific, person, place, thing, or idea; examples: everyone, everything, everybody, anybody, many, most, few, each, some, someone, all, nothing, nobody, and no one reciprocal pronoun - Correct Answers Each other, one another Verbs - Correct Answers action words transitive verb - Correct Answers An action verb that has a direct object intransitive verb - Correct Answers An action verb that does not have a direct object action verb - Correct Answers verb that shows that something is being done, a word that shows action. linking verb - Correct Answer slinks two words together active voice - Correct Answers Expresses an action done by its subject. passive voice - Correct Answers The subject of the sentence receives the action. present tense - Correct Answers happening now past tense - Correct Answers shows action that has already happened present perfect tense - Correct Answers verb tense that describes an action that began in the past but continues tile the present. Ex. Have heard, Has played, Has run past perfect tense - Correct Answers for an earlier action that is mentioned in a later action. (Ex: Cindy ate the apple that she HAD PICKED. - First she picked it, then she ate it.) Future Perfect Tense - Correct Answers verb tense to express an action that will be completed by or before a specified time in the future. Ex. Will have heard, Will have played, Will have run. Conjugation of Verbs - Correct Answers Changing from simple verbs to: present , past, infinitive, or imperative. indicative mood - Correct Answers used for statements of fact, opinion, or a question. imperative mood - Correct Answers Order or request subjunctive mood - Correct Answers verb form used to express a wish, suggestion, command, or a condition that is contrary to fact Adjectives - Correct Answers Tells us more about a noun. Describes the noun. Examples: green slow, five, stinky, tall, round. Which one? What kind? How many? Articles - Correct Answers’', 'an', and 'the,' they signal that a noun will follow. relative adjective - Correct Answers Comparison between things. absolute adjective - Correct Answers the most basic form of an adjective e.g. big/tall/small Adverb - Correct Answers word that describes a verb. E.g. quickly, smoothly or never, too Absolute Phrase - Correct Answers combines a noun and a participle with any accompanying modifiers or objects. E.g. THE ALARM RINGING, he pushed the snooze button. Parallelism - Correct Answers similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. E.g. He stopped at the office, THE store, and the pharmacy before coming home. Sentence Purpose: Declarative - Correct Answers States fact and ends with a period. Sentence Purpose: imperative - Correct Answers Tells someone to do something. Sentence Purpose: interrogative - Correct Answers Asks questions Sentence Purpose: Exclamatory - Correct Answers Shows strong emotion and ends with a ! Sentence structure: simple - Correct Answers one independent clause. E.g. JUDY (s) WATERED (v) the lawn. Sentence structure: compound - Correct Answers Two or more independent clauses. E.g. THE TIME HAS COME, and WE ARE READY. - words in caps show the two clauses. Sentence structure: complex - Correct Answers One independent clause and one defendant clause. E.g. Although he had the flu (IC), Harry went to work. (DC) Sentence structure: compound-complex - Correct Answers Two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. Sentence fragments - Correct Answers Phrases or incomplete sentences missing a subject, predicate, or a complete thought. run-on sentence - Correct Answers two or more sentences joined without adequate punctuation or connecting words dangling modifier - Correct Answers word or phrase that has no logical connection. Need to rearrange to amend to enable sentence to be correct. misplaced modifier - Correct Answers phrase or clause placed awkwardly in a sentence so that it appears to modify or refer to an unintended word. double negative - Correct Answers The use of two negative words such as never, no, not, neither, none, no one, nobody, nothing, barely, hardly, or scarcely in the same clause. semicolon - Correct Answers punctuation mark (;) indicating a pause, typically between two main clauses, that is more pronounced than that indicated by a comma. Colons - Correct Answers punctuation mark (:) used to precede a list of items, a quotation, or an expansion or explanation. Parenthesis - Correct Answers An insertion of material that interrupts the typical flow of a sentence. E.g. [image 2] Apostrophe - Correct Answers Used to show possession. singular - David's basketball plural - boys' basketball plural noun - Men's department hyphen - Correct Answers punctuation mark (-) used to separate a compound word. E.g. twenty-five, well-fed Dash - Correct Answers To show a break or change in thought Ellipsis - Correct Answers three periods (...) indicating the omission of words in a thought or quotation brackets - Correct Answers Clarify details but not part of the quote homophone - Correct Answers same sound, different meaning e.g. to - show direction too - also, as well two - number affect - feeling, mood effect - result homograph - Correct Answers same spelling, different meaning read - to read a book read - already read the book cliché - Correct Answers an overused expression Jargon - Correct Answers nonsensical talk; specialized language Slang - Correct Answers informal language Colloquialism - Correct Answers word or phrase (including slang) used in everyday conversation and informal writing but that is often inappropriate in formal writing (y'all, isn’t) Tone - Correct Answers Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character conciseness - Correct Answers expressing much in few words Transitions - Correct Answers Smooth what has been read and what is to be read. figurative language - Correct Answers writing or speech that is not meant to be taken literally descriptive language - Correct Answers Words intended to create a mood, person, place, thing, event, emotion, or experience exaggeration - Correct Answers overstatement Simile - Correct Answers comparison using "like" or "as". E.g. house was like a shoebox. Metaphor - Correct Answers comparison without using like or as e.g. swaying skeletons reached for the sky and groaned in the wind. (Describing trees) figure of speech - Correct Answers An expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning. Personification - Correct Answers the giving of human qualities to an animal, object, or idea. E.g. Trees were dancing in the wind. literacy - Correct Answers the ability to read and write phonological awareness - Correct Answers knowledge of sounds and syllables and of the sound structure of words phoneme - Correct Answers smallest unit of sound Alphabetic Principle - Correct Answerability TO CONNECT LETTERS WITH SOUNDS, AND TO CREATE WORDS BASED ON THESE ASSOCIATIONS. Phonological - Correct Answers the study of the sound system of a given language and the analysis and classification of its phonemes Logographic - Correct Answers Signs represent words or ideas - Chinese system Syllabic - Correct Answers one note per syllable - Japan system Biases - Correct Answers distorted beliefs based on a person's subjective sense of reality denotative meaning - Correct Answers the literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase connotative meaning - Correct Answers the personal and subjective meaning of a word. Includes emotion. context clues - Correct Answers Clues in surrounding text that help the reader determine the meaning of an unknown word synonym - Correct Answers word that means the same as another word e.g. dry and arid antonym - Correct Answers word that means the opposite of another word. E.g. dry and wet Syntax - Correct Answers The arrangement of words and phrases to create well- formed sentences in a language. Allusion - Correct Answers A united but known reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art. E.g. I have a dream. Mood - Correct Answer show the reader feels about the text while reading. Tone - Correct Answers Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character First person narrator (point of view) - Correct Answers Tells the story with the first- person pronoun "I" and is a character in the story. second person narrator - Correct Answers character, "you," who tells the story and necessarily has a limited point of view; may be seen as an extension of the reader, an external figure acting out a story, or an auditor; may also be an unreliable narrator. third person narrative point of view - Correct Answers The narrator uses "he" and "she" and is an outside observer of the story a work written in third person. Alternating person narrative - Correct Answers Differing point of view throughout the story Theme of Moby Dick - Correct Answers Consequences of choosing evil Theme of The Great Gatsby - Correct Answers Failure of the American Dream Theme in Les Miserable - Correct Answers Character change from convict to noble benefactor Theme of Tell Tale Heart - Correct Answers Guilt is a powerful force that cannot be ignored or avoided Theme in works of William Faulkner and Charles Dickens - Correct Answers Decay of old southern traditions story and discourse - Correct Answers Story - plot, character, place, events discourse - how author arranges and sequences events Plot/Meaning - Correct Answers Some stories convey meaning, some with convey multiple perspectives, some aim to shape, direct meaning within random events plot line - Correct Answers the pattern of events, including exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution Inference - Correct Answers conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning predictions prediction） - Correct Answers Guess what might happen. Based on prior knowledge and what reading, context clues. compare and contrast - Correct Answers Give an account of similarities and differences between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout. Literal and figurative meaning - Correct Answers Literal - words mean what they say Figurative - offers new insight into other people, things, and events. Allows reader to share in authors experiences. Alliteration - Correct Answers The repetition of initial consonant sounds, such as "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers." Onomatopoeia - Correct Answers word that imitates the sound it represents. Bees buzzing personification - Correct Answers giving human characteristics to something that is not human Similes - Correct Answers comparison using "like" or "as" Metaphor - Correct Answers figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. Hyperbole - Correct Answers exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally. E.g. people moved slowly, there was no hurry, nothing to see, nothing to do. Literary Irony - Correct Answers contrast between what is said and what is meant. E.g. she sells her hair to buy a watch strap, he sells the watch face to buy hair combs. explicit - Correct Answers definite, clearly stated implicit - Correct Answers implied though not plainly expressed Paired Reading - Correct Answers means partners reading aloud to each other for the purpose of practicing, sharing, developing fluency, communicating information, or modeling oral reading technique Rhetoric - Correct Answers the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques. anecdote - Correct Answers brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event. Aphorism - Correct Answers concise statement of a truth or principle Allusion - Correct Answers reference to another work of literature, person, or event Satire - Correct Answers the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues. Parody - Correct Answers work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. Paradox - Correct Answers contradiction or dilemma Oxymoron - Correct Answers conjoining contradictory terms (as in 'deafening silence') Syllogism - Correct Answers form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.