Industrialization, Immigration, Urbanization - Immigration Law - Lecture Slides, Slides of Immigration Law

Download Industrialization, Immigration, Urbanization - Immigration Law - Lecture Slides and more Slides Immigration Law in PDF only on Docsity! Industrialization, Immigration, Urbanization Docsity.com Outline • The “Gilded Age” • Corporate Structures • Businesses and Technology • Social Darwinism & Laissez Faire • Labor and urbanization • Immigration and “National Culture” Docsity.com Corporations • Andrew Carnegie: U.S. Steel (1870s) • John D. Rockefeller: Standard Oil (1880s) • Vertical & horizontal organization • Scientific management • Monopolies Docsity.com Standard Oil, 1906 Docsity.com The Railroad • National power • Centralized control • Trans-national markets • Nationwide distribution • Homogenization • Job creation & destruction Docsity.com Social Darwinism • Herbert Spencer • Distorted Charles Darwin’s “natural selection” and “survival of the fittest” • Social & economic system was natural • Poor were naturally poor, rich were naturally rich • No gov’t intervention Docsity.com Problems with Philosophy • Tariffs • Railroad Land Grants • Federal subsidies • Blame the poor • Laws written for & by rich elite men • Racism • Force used to benefit corporations • No competition Docsity.com Technological Innovations • Alexander Graham Bell, 1876 • Thomas A. Edison (phonograph) 1877 – Electric light bulb 1879 • Pressure sealed tin cans • Bessemer Process, steel • Replace workers with technology Docsity.com Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. "Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door! Docsity.com Immigration, 1880-1920 • Italians, Polish, Greek, Hungarian, Slavic, Jewish, Russian, Mexican, Chinese • Labor Compartmentalization • Polish = Steel • Russian Jews = Street Vendors Docsity.com Faces of America Docsity.com City Life • Fast Growth • Few social services or regulations • Tenement buildings • Settlement Houses • Multicultural & ethnically organized Docsity.com Immigration and National Culture • 1870-1910, 20 million immigrants • Southern & eastern Europe • Culture, language, religion, ethnicity • Chinese, Japanese, Mexicans • Chain Migration • Assimilation stripped people of their cultures, attacked diversity, and tried to make them into WASPs Docsity.com Immigrant Life • Ethnic enclaves • Organizations and self-help • Language schools • Newspapers • Marriage • Employment Docsity.com EL Paso and Modernization • Southern Pacific Railroad entered 1881 – Chinese laborers • Agriculture • Mining up from Northern Mexico & Southern Arizona • Rapid growth of downtown business district • Northeastern wealth • School, sanitation system, streetcar service Docsity.com Race and Class • Segundo Barrio & Chihuahuita • Mayor Joseph Magoffin 1881 – Decline of Mexican-Am. Political power – “Clean up” Segundo Barrio • Segregated Schools (Aoy 1887) • Moved County Seat from San Elizario to El Paso, 1884 • Ysleta del Sur (Tiguas) – Taxes, laws, rezoning, deeds, and land sales Docsity.com Chinese Immigration • 1870: 63,000 Chinese, most in CAL • 22% in Idaho • 1930: 470,000 in U.S • 90% in West • Railroads, mining, service sector of cities Docsity.com Continued… • Exclusionary laws passed on racial and economic basis to protect white businesses • 1878 CAL Const. Convention: “Were the Chinese to amalgamate…it would be the most vile and degraded of our race…a hybrid of the most despicable, a mongrel of the most detestable that has ever afflicted the earth.” John F. Miller • 1880 CA: barred marriage between whites and “negroes, mulattos, and Mongolians.” Docsity.com PACIFIC CHIVALRY. ‘Tarouagement to Chinese Deni pration. PPeOURT Sard usTice eit” Docsity.com Conclusions • Good & Bad impact of technology • Rise of National Corporations • New Business Structures • Social Darwinism • Immigration and Urbanization • Racism and immigration policy Docsity.com