IT Terms and Definitions: Storage Media, Operating Systems, and User Interfaces, Quizzes of Business and Labour Law

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TERM 1 access time DEFINITION 1 measurement of the amount of time it takes the process to read data, instructions, and information from memory TERM 2 archive disc DEFINITION 2 CD that stores photos from an online photo center in jpg file format, usually at a maximum resolution of 7200 pixels per photo TERM 3 backup DEFINITION 3 duplicate of a file, program, or disk placed on a seperate storage medium that can be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed TERM 4 capacity DEFINITION 4 number of bytes a storage medium can hold TERM 5 cd-r DEFINITION 5 multisession optical disc on which users can write, but not erase, their own items such as text, graphics, and audio TERM 6 cd-rom DEFINITION 6 type of optical disc that uses laser technology to store data, instructions, and information that users can read but not write on or erase TERM 7 cd-rom drive DEFINITION 7 drive that can read CD-rom discs and sometimes audio CDs TERM 8 CD-RW DEFINITION 8 erasable multi-session optical disc on which users can write data, instructions, and information multiple times TERM 9 CD-RW drive DEFINITION 9 drive that can read audio CDs, standard CD-ROMs, CD-Rs, CD-RWs and can write on, or record, CD-RWs TERM 10 cloud storage DEFINITION 10 internet service that provides storage to computer users TERM 21 microfiche DEFINITION 21 a small sheet of film, usually about 4 inches by 6 inches in size, on which microscopic images of documents are stored TERM 22 microfilm DEFINITION 22 a roll of film, usually 100 to 215 feet long, on which microscopic images of documents are stored TERM 23 network attached storage DEFINITION 23 server connected to a network with the sole purpose of providing storage TERM 24 picture CD DEFINITION 24 single session CD-ROM that stores digital versions of film using a jpg file format at a lower resolution TERM 25 RAID (redundant array of independent disks) DEFINITION 25 group of two or more integrated hard disks that acts like a single large hard disk TERM 26 reading DEFINITION 26 process of transferring data, instructions, and information from a storage medium into memory TERM 27 removable hard disk DEFINITION 27 hard disk that can be inserted and removed from a drive TERM 28 smart card DEFINITION 28 card, similar in size to a credit card or ATM card, that stores data on a thin microprocessor embedded in the card TERM 29 solid state drive DEFINITION 29 storage device that typically uses flash memory to store data, instructions, and information TERM 30 storage media DEFINITION 30 the physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information TERM 31 tape DEFINITION 31 magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amounts of data and information at a low cost TERM 32 tape drive DEFINITION 32 device used to read and write information on tape TERM 33 usb flash drive DEFINITION 33 flash memory device that plugs in a USB port on a computer or portable device TERM 34 writing DEFINITION 34 process of transferring data, instructions, and information from memory to a storage medium TERM 35 system software DEFINITION 35 consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices TERM 46 sleep mode DEFINITION 46 shut down option that saves any open documents and programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low power state TERM 47 hibernate DEFINITION 47 a shut down option that saves any open documents and programs to a hard disk before removing power from the computer TERM 48 user interface DEFINITION 48 controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen TERM 49 graphical user interface (GUI) DEFINITION 49 type of user interface that allows you to interact with menus and visual images such as buttons and other graphical objects to issue commands TERM 50 command-line interface DEFINITION 50 type of user interface in which a user types commands or presses special keys on the keyboard TERM 51 memory management DEFINITION 51 optimizes the use of random access memory TERM 52 virtual memory DEFINITION 52 the operating system allocates a portion of storage medium, usually the hard disk, to function as additional RAM TERM 53 thrashing DEFINITION 53 when an operating system spends much of its time paging, instead of executing application software TERM 54 page DEFINITION 54 the amount of data and program instructions that can swap at a given time TERM 55 swap file DEFINITION 55 the area of a hard disk used for virtual memory; swaps (exchanges) data, information, and instructions between memory and storage TERM 56 buffer DEFINITION 56 a segment of memory or storage in which items are placed while waiting to be transferred from an input device or to an output device TERM 57 spooling DEFINITION 57 a process which sends documents to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer TERM 58 driver DEFINITION 58 a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device TERM 59 plug and play DEFINITION 59 the operating system automatically configures new devices as you install them TERM 60 performance monitor DEFINITION 60 a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices