Intro to World Religions Review Guide with Answers, Exams of World Religions

Download Intro to World Religions Review Guide with Answers and more Exams World Religions in PDF only on Docsity! Intro to World Religions Review Guide with Answers Intro To World Religions Review Guide Hinduism: 1. A column of light, a pillar of ice, or a phallic-shaped stone can all be examples of what Hindu sacred object? Lingam 2. In 1992, Hindu mobs destroyed a 450-year-old mosque in northern India. Thousands were killed in the ensuing violence. What larger pattern in Hinduism was this event related to? The emergence of Hindu nationalism as a religious force 3. Why was Swami Vivekananda ideally suited to represent Hinduism at the 1893 World’s Parliament of Religions in Chicago? Vivekananda emphasized that Hinduism was reasonable and compatible with modern science 4. The view that only those who view India as both fatherland and holy land are true citizens of India is consistent with the ideas of which of the following? Hindutva 5. From 1959 through the 1980s, a number of Hindu leaders gained notoriety in the United States as gurus (spiritual teachers). Who of the following were gurus active in America during this period? A.C Bhaktivedanta, Maharishi Yogi, Bhagwan Shree Rajne`esh 6. According to classical Hinduism, which of the following are among the four aims of life? Kama, moksha, dharma, artha 7. Which text is most important for the emergence of bhakti (devotional) Hinduism? The Bhagavad Gita 8. Ganesha is often depicted near doorways and thresholds and is known as the remover of obstacles. 9. Devraj keeps a small shrine in his home. With his family, he lights a lamp and makes offerings of fruit, flowers, or even water to small statues of Hindu gods. What Hindu tradition are Devraj and his family participating in? Puja 10. Hinduism is an ancient religion and its focus has shifted over time. Arrange the ideas about what is “important” about Hinduism in chronological order from most ancient to most modern. Fire sacrifice and ritual, seeking wisdom to overcome samsara, connecting with a god through devotion, nation of india and being patriotic 11. Hindus have been content to think of theirs as a religion of people rather than the religion of all people. For that reason, it has typically been classified as a[n] Ethnic religion (like Judaism and Navajo religion) rather than a Missionary religion. 12. The Vedas have been found written on stone tablets dating back to 1500 BCE. False 13. Om is a powerful mantra employed at the beginning and ending of many Hindu ceremonies and rituals. It is also written with honey on newborn’s lips or tongue during a birth ceremony. 14. Select positions on Hindu beliefs and practices endorsed by Ram Mohan Roy and the Brahmo Samaj. Every option but “Religion is ultimately based on faith, not reason” 15. Karn is a Hindu whose spiritual path involves renouncing the world. Karn has quit his job and lives as a sannyasin so that he can focus entirely on attaining moksha. He studies the Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). Upanishads and hopes to escape samsara by fully realizing that atman is one with brahman. Which path does Karn most likely practice? Jnana 16. Since its founding in or before 800 BCE, Varanasi has been independently governed by Hindus and even today its sacred spaces and places of worship are exclusively Hindu. False 17. The Indus Valley civilization vanished by 1500 BCE. The so-called “Aryan invasion thesis” theorizes that Northern Europeans invaded northern India from the west, destroying the Indus Valley civilization, and that traces of Aryan culture survive in modern Hinduism. Which of the following are objections, nuances, or variations to the Aryan invasion thesis? All options except “There is no evidence of contact between Europeans and ancient civilizations” 18. Order the events below from furthest in the past to the most recent. The Indus Valley, The Rig Veda, The early upanishads, The Bhagavad Gita 19. Pia is a Hindu who believes her tradition calls her to ethical and political engagement. She is inspired by Gandhi and she reads the Bhagavad Gita regularly. She interprets the yogic idea of acting without desire for results as a commandment to act through nonviolence. Which path does Pia most likely practice? Karma 20. Which of the following were positions on Hindu beliefs and practices endorsed by Dayanand Sarasvati and the Arya Samaj? All except “All religions are actually one” 21. While visiting family in India, Madhuri has planned a trip to see a famous statue of one of her favorite gods. For Madhuri, this is more than tourism: looking into the eyes of the statue is an intimate connection with a god. What Hindu tradition is Madhuri participating in? Darshan 22. What type of event is depicted in this pic (people in water holding candles)? Cremation 23. For most Hindus, the ultimate problem is Samsara and the ultimate goal is moksha. 2. Which of the following comprise the Three Jewels in which Buddhists take refuge? Buddha, Dharma, Sangha 3. Which of the following BEST represents the Buddhist teaching imparted in the Arrow Sermon? One should not spend their life in fruitless speculation about the creation of the universe and the nature of the cosmos. Rather, one should work to end one’s own suffering. 4. In addition to concentration and insight meditation, Buddhists may also engage in metta (“loving-kindness”) meditation, in which they aim to eventually cultivate a form of loving-kindness for all sentient beings. 5. Which of the following BEST describes the causes of suffering, according to Buddhists? Suffering arises from craving, which begins in ignorance of the true nature of reality and of one’s self. 6. Select the four core teachings of Zen attributed to Bodhidharma. Seeing one's own nature and becoming Buddha, not relying upon words, maintaining a special transmission outside the teaching, pointing directly at the human mind. 7. Your Buddhist friend Aimee’s grandmother is passing away, and you have come to deliver some food to help the family. While at Aimee’s home, you notice that they have calming Vietnamese music playing in the grandmother’s room and flowers all around the ailing woman. Aimee also asks that you keep your voice quiet when you enter the home to keep her grandmother calm. Why might Aimee and her family be so concerned with keeping her dying grandmother calm? Many Buddhists believe that one’s state of mind during death can significantly affect one’s future rebirth. 8. Which of the following statements about tantra are accurate? Emphasized overcoming dualistic thinking especially regarding the idea of clean and unclean things, transmitted directly from teacher to student, esoteric tradition not taught to ordinary Buddhists, emphasizes the divine power of feminine known as shakti. Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 9. If your friend Katherine is visualizing a mandala as part of her Buddhist meditation practice, she probably practices which form of Buddhism? Tibetan Buddhism 10. Like early and Theravada Buddhists, Mahayana Buddhists say that only monks and nuns can achieve enlightenment. False 11. While meditating under the Bodhi tree, Siddhartha Gautama was tempted by Mara to give up his meditation. Persisting, he achieved enlightenment and earned the title of Buddha. 12. Which of the following is an example of Engaged Buddhism? Monks in Thailand protesting deforestation. 13. Pilgrimage is a relatively recent phenomena in the Buddhist tradition, reflecting increasing access to both cars and air travel in the Buddhist world. False 14. There has only been one Buddha in human history. False 15. The bodhisattva depicted here in this elaborate statue from the Song dynasty has been called by many different names. Which of the following is one of this bodhisattva’s names? Guanyin, Kannon, Avalokiteshvara 16. After his enlightenment on the Diamond Throne in Bodh Gaya, Siddhartha Gautama supposedly travelled to Sarnath, where he gave his first sermon and gained his first disciples. 17. Which of the following is a trait or doctrinal concept that Buddhism shares with Hinduism? All except “Both Buddhism and Hinduism offer nirvana” 18. Which of the following represents an innovation Mahayana Buddhism brought to mainstream Buddhism? All except “Building on Indian ideas of Bhakti devotionalism prevalent at the time, Mahayana Buddhism argued that the Buddha was an incarnation of the God Vishnu and that salvation arose only through complete faith in him” 19. In Myanmar, ultranationalist Buddhist monks have encouraged mob violence toward an ethnic minority called the Rohingya, who are Muslim. Which of the following conclusions should scholars of religious studies draw from the fact that Buddhists engage in mob violence? It is simply not the case that Buddhism is a religion of peace. 20. Tenzin is a Buddhist monk. He has great respect for his teacher, whom he believes is a reincarnated tulku that has taught monks of his lineage for many lifetimes. Tenzin also believes there are secret teachings that can only be transmitted directly by his teacher. Tenzin MOST LIKELY practices Vajrayana Buddhism. 21. In a famous story in the Lotus Sutra, the Buddha is likened to a father standing outside a burning house with his children inside. Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the moral of this story? The Buddha used skillful means to convince people there are many forms of Buddhism when in reality there is only one. 22. In mainstream Buddhism and Theravada Buddhism today, a(n) arhat is an individual who achieves enlightenment and ceases participating in the cycle of reincarnation. Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 23. Place these events in the correct chronological order. Reign of Ashoka, Buddhist monks take Buddhism to China, Composition of the Mahayana Buddhist Lotus Sutra, Buddhism is adopted in Japan. 24. Click on Siddhartha Gautama in this painting of the Four Sights. Click on the crown laying atop the man on the carriage. 25. Which of the following statements BEST characterizes the earliest European understandings of Buddhism? Roman Catholic missionaries to Asia were the first to identify and describe local people practicing a religion we identify today as Buddhism. 26. Which of the following statements MOST accurately describes the Buddhist concept of the five skandhas? What we normally think of as a “self” is actually a composition of matter, feeling, perceptions, consciousness, and conditioning factors. 27. Which of the following features likely MOST helped Mahayana Buddhism to become more popular than mainstream Buddhism? Emphasized other-help over self-effort in the form of devotion to numerous Buddhas and bodhisattvas. 28. While all Buddhists work to eradicate suffering, or dukkha, the exemplar of one who has successfully eradicated suffering morphs between branches of Buddhism, with mainstream Buddhists working to become an enlightened arhat, while Mahayana Buddhists endeavor to become a compassionate bodhisattva. 29. On what festival do Buddhists often perform the ritual of bathing the Buddha, shown here. Vesak or Wesak. 30. Buddhism was one of many new religious movements that developed in India around the fifth century BCE. What did all these new religious movements share? A critique of the priestly authority of the Brahmin caste. 31. A Buddhist sutra or sacred text always begins with the phrase “Thus have I heard,” reflecting its origins as the remembered oral teachings of the Buddha. Such texts eventually coalesced into the “Three Baskets” of Buddhist teachings: the sutta basket of doctrinal discourse, the vinaya basket of monastic discipline, and the abhidhamma basket of higher teachings or philosophical thought. 32. According to early Buddhism, who is capable of becoming an enlightened arhat? Only Buddhist monks or nuns. 33. Which of the following statements MOST accurately describes the Mahayana Buddhist idea of upaya? The Buddha said contradictory things at different times because he understood that people need to hear different things. 34. Match the characteristics below to either mainstream Buddhism or Mahayana Buddhism. Mainstream Buddhism: earlier school, one Buddha, arhat exemplar, self-effort, anatta, popular in South and Southeast Asia. 35. One popular Mahayana school took its name from the word “meditation,” which is dhyana in Sanskrit, Chan in Chinese, and Zen in Japanese. Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 20. In 2014, the Washington Post reported on a flight to Israel that was delayed because a Jewish man refused to sit next to a woman. To avoid contact with his female seatmate, he proceeded to stand in the aisle once the plane had taken off. This man MOST LIKELY practices Haredi Judaism. 21. Who argued that only negative statements can be made about God and that anything we might affirm about God presumes too much? Maimonides. 22. Watch this video of people at the Western Wall. Which of the following statements seems the MOST accurate? Key link to a chain of memories Jews use to pass their stories down from generation to generation. Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 23. Simon is a Jew living in first-century Palestine. Unlike some other Jews, Simon does not believe that God will resurrect the dead. He feels Jews should follow the authority of the priesthood and spend more time at the Temple instead of discussing prophecies and other texts. Simon is MOST LIKELY a(n) Sadducee. 24. According to the Hebrew Bible, who built the First Temple in Jerusalem? Solomon. Christianity: 1. Place each denomination in the order in which it was founded, starting with the oldest. Baptists, Methodism, Mormonism, Pentecostalism 2. Kevin is a Christian who is homeschooling his children. It is important to Kevin that his children understand that the Bible contains no errors and that stories about the creation of the world and the resurrection of Jesus really happened. He is concerned that public school science classes that teach the theory of evolution would undermine these ideas. Kevin is MOST LIKELY a(n) fundamentalist 3. Arrange these events from Christian history in the correct order from furthest in the past to most recent. Great Schism splits Roman Catholic to West, Orthodoxy to East, Crusader conquers Jerusalem, Martin Luther publishes 95 theses, Council of Trent gives voice to counter reformation. 4. Match each theologian to the movement they are associated with. Feminist theology-Mary Daly, Black liberation theology-James Cone, Latin america liberation-Oscar Romero, Womanist-Alice Walker 5. According to the text, what was the MOST successful Christian movement of the twentieth century? Pentecostalism 6. Christians have used various metaphors to explain the mechanics of atonement. Some see Jesus’s death as a ransom to purchase captives, a payment for a debt, or a friend serving a prison term in your stead. Others argue that Jesus died to set a moral example of self-giving love. 7. Which of the following statements BEST characterizes the “New Religious Right” that began to form in the 1970s? Important role in electing republican presidents. 8. Which statement MOST accurately describes Latin American liberation theology? Combine the teachings of Jesus with Karl Marx’s ideas about society and social action. 9. Which of the following was a product of the Counter-Reformation? New religious order was found including Jesuits, The Catholic Church rejected sola scriptura and reaffirmed the power of the Papacy and the importance of tradition in both producing and interpreting scripture, The Roman inquisition published the index of forbidden books 10. Christmas is an example of a holiday that is both religious and secular. Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 11. At Sophia’s church there are no pews and the congregation stands through the entire service. Sophia loves singing the Divine Liturgy, the incense, and the beautiful icons on the walls. Sophia is MOST LIKELY Eastern Orthodox. 12. Pius IX convened the First Vatican Council of 1869–1870, which pronounced papal infallibility to be “a divinely revealed dogma.” Papal infallibility is the belief that everything a pope says is true. False. 13. Which statement BEST characterizes the attitude of medieval Catholic officials toward mystics like Theresa of Avila and Julian of Norwich (pictured here)? Church authorities were wary that mystics were mistaking their own ideas for encounters with God, but that they ultimately complimented the dry logic of medieval theologians. 14. Walter Rauschenbusch (1861–1918) ministered to poor people in Manhattan’s Hell’s Kitchen neighborhood as part of the Social Gospel movement. 15. William is a college student who disagrees with both his atheist and his evangelical friends. He does not believe the Bible story that God created everything in six days. But he also does not believe that the universe could have come from nowhere. William feels there must have been some sort of creator behind it. William could BEST be described as a Deist. 16. Click the areas on the map where Christianity is currently growing. Africa, Asia, South America 17. Which of the following statements about the Reformation is accurate? Martin Luther introduced a radical idea of Christian Liberty by questioning the hierarchy of clergy 18. According to Christian tradition, Jesus expected his Jewish followers both to observe the law and to internalize it. 19. Watch the video below. Based on what you have learned in the chapter, what type of Christian service is depicted here (man holding three candles)? Eastern Orthodox 20. Currently, Christianity is declining in Europe and stagnating in North America. However, it is growing rapidly in continents of the Global South, such as Africa. 21. Aimee Semple McPherson achieved celebrity status as a(n) Pentecostal evangelist. She pioneered radio evangelism and ultimately founded her own denomination. 22. Which statement BEST describes the Eastern Orthodox understanding of original sin? Unnatural separation from God that can be overcome through mystical union with the divine. 23. Some churches practice Lent, a period of forty days of prayer and asceticism that precedes the holiday of Easter. 24. The Great Schism formalized the split between the Catholic Church in the West and the Orthodox Church in the East, while the Reformation formalized the split between the Catholic Church and Protestantism. 25. Which of the following are included in the five points of Calvinism that were articulated in the Synod of Dort? Limited atonement, perseverance of the saints, unconditional election, irresistible grace, total depravity. Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 26. Prudence is a Christian whose beliefs include unconditional election and the idea that human beings exist in a condition of “total depravity.” Prudence regards Catholic traditions as an abomination and spends a lot more time reading the Old Testament than the New Testament. Prudence is MOST LIKELY a Puritan. 27. Sarah is a Christian college student. She is frustrated that her course on Christian history spends so much time discussing different doctrines, rituals, schisms, and theological debates. For Sarah, Christianity is really about having a personal relationship with Jesus. Instead of arguing about theology, Christians should be doing activism and missionary work. Sarah is MOST LIKELY a(n) evangelical. 28. The Ninety-Five Theses written by Martin Luther condemned the Catholic Church, especially papal authority, and called for the establishment of a separate church with power shifted from religious professionals to the laypeople. False. 29. Which of the following are a factor in the global success of Pentecostalism? Adapt new languages and cultures, refuse to restrict its reach to one day a week or the privacy of being in one's home, effort in improving their churches, egalitarian - offering the gifts to the holy spirit regardless of your makeup/background, emphasizes supernatural experiences. 30. Which of the following statements reflect MOST Christians’ understanding of sin? Those in a state of sin are barred from heaven, God made salvation from sin possible by sending Jesus Christ down on Earth, sin is passed down from Adam and Eve. are the Five Pillars of Islam. Identify the following practices as being either among or not among the Five Pillars. Fasting during Ramadan, Giving alms to the poor, Praying five times a day, Reciting the Shahada, Going to the hajj 12. Although the Sunni/Shia structure of Islam did not develop until centuries later, an important conflict that preceded this split concerned who would lead the Muslim community after the death of Muhammad. One group pushed for Muhammad’s son-in-law _Ali_ to be leader and came to be known as the shiat Ali or _Shia_ for short. Another group, which later came to be known as the _Sunnis or people of the Sunna, believed that the best available person should lead the community, even if they were not related to Muhammad. 13. This stamp was released by the United States Postal Service in 2001 to commemorate the Muslim holiday of Eid al-Fitr. What does that holiday celebrate? THe end of Ramadan 14. In contemporary Saudi Arabia, unaccompanied women are allowed to participate in the hajj. False 15. Which of the following definitions of tawhid, or “divine unity,” is accurate? Tawhid represents the strict monotheism of muslim theology 16. During Ramadan, absolutely all observant Muslims must refrain from eating, drinking, smoking, and sex from dawn until sunset. False 17. Which of the following statements best characterizes Muslim attitudes toward the veneration of saints? Attitudes toward the practice of the veneration of saints varies among muslims around the world 18. Which of the following statements is true about the custom of Muslim women wearing hijab? Veiling varies considerably from person to person and society to society 19. Twelver Muslims believe in a hidden Imam who will one day reveal himself as a madhi (guided one). 20. According to the textbook, why was the Iranian Revolution of 1978–1979 so significant? It showed that religion was still a powerful, political even with a highly educated westernised society 21. The majority of the world’s Muslims are Sunni, rather than Shia Muslim. True Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 22. Bashar is a Muslim but believes that the day-to-day practices of other Muslims are only external rites and that there is an inner path to knowing the reality of Allah. Bashar has sought out a master to help him find this path. Bashar is most likely a Sufi 23. In response to the rise of European Christian power, some Muslim reformers—sometimes called fundamentalists—sought to revitalize Islam by reemphasizing its glorious past. In their attempt to return their religion to what they saw as its pristine origins and purify of it of “innovations,” these conservative Muslims were similar to Protistants during Europe's Reformation 24. Sunni Muslims regard the first four caliphs as “rightly guided.” Why do Shia Muslims reject the authority of three of these four men? Because Shia Muslims believe Muhamad had personally tapped Ali to be his immediate successor 25. Hanafi, Malaki, Shafi, and Hanbali are the four main Sunni Legal Schools Daosim: 1. According to the Daoist tradition, what saps our vital energy and causes us to grow old and die too young? The human tendency to embrace social conventions, moral moods, and ritual prescriptions over our inborn spontaneity and naturalness. 2. Identify and select the transformations experienced by the Daoist tradition during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644).the proliferation of Daoist lay associations, a rise in the popularity of local gods and associated practices, including spirit writing and mediumship, a rise in the prominence and worship of female deities, heavy government regulation of Daoist temples that inhibited their growth 3. Daoism assumes that change is inescapable and the goal of practice is to learn how to move with the change, rather than fight it. True 4. Which of the following statements does NOT reflect a legitimate reason as to why the origins of Daoism are hard to pinpoint? Due to early prosecution, Daoist masters were forced to disguise their religion as a form of BUddhism, making it difficult to ascertain what was intended by early authors 5. Select each true statement about Falun Gong. Falun Gong combines elements of both the Buddhist and Daoist traditions, The Chinese government has labeled Falun Gong a dangerous “cult” seeking to spread superstition and has banned its practice, Falun Gong adherents worldwide accuse the Chinese government of torture, organ harvesting, and murder, Falun Gong sees an interrelated relationship between Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). moral practice and successful qigong practice 6. From the perspective of the Daoist tradition, humanity is evolving ever closer toward the Dao as civilization and the perfection of human institutions advance. False Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 7. The founder of the Way of the Celestial Masters, Zhang Daoling is said to have received a vision of Laozi in his divine form as Lord Lao at Crane Call Mountain. 8. Traditionally attributed to Laozi , the Daodejing is one of the world’s most frequently translated books. 9. In this 1966 wood engraving by Fritz Eichenberg retelling one of the most famous and foundational Daoist stories, what Daoist luminary is depicted? Laozi recording the Daodejing before before departing China forever 10. Identify each item that is an attribute of the Dao. The universe and all things within it emerge out of the Dao, The Dao exists in all things and its patterns can be revealed by closely paying attention to the world around us, The Dao ultimately transcends any and all individual things, The Dao is formless, ineffable, and beyond definition 11. In examining Daoism in America, scholar Thomas Tweed distinguishes between “adherents” and “sympathizers.” Organize the activities below into those more likely to be practiced by what scholars might call American adherents of Daoism and those practiced by what a scholar might call American sympathizers of Daoism. practice tai chi in the park on Sunday mornings with a local community exercise group, read the Daodejing to gain guidance on how to be a better manager, attend a one-day workshop on Chinese medicine for general wellness 12. What role does jing play in contemporary forms of internal alchemy? Jing is the fixed storehouse of vital essence in which everyone is born and which must be preserved and then refined into increasingly ethereal energies in order to attain the Dao 13. Identify characteristics of the two main branches of Daoism in China today, Orthodox Unity (Zhengyi) and Complete Perfection (Quanzhen). emphasizes ritual, a tradition of householders with married priests, authority passes down within the family, successor to the Celestial Masters tradition 14. your roommate has decided that he wants to learn about the life stories of major world religions’ founders, so he goes to the library and checks out the most recent translation of the Daodejing so that he can study the life of Laozi to understand his miraculous birth, his celebrated bureaucratic career, and his eventual journey over the mountains on an ox to leave China. Which statement below BEST explains the problem with your roommate’s plan? The Daodejing does not follow a narrative format and does not include a biography of Laozi 16. The San Francisco Peaks are a holy place to the Diné. Therefore, they visit the peaks as often as possible. False 17. Which of the following BEST describes traditional Diné mourning practices? Precautions must be taken to ritually protect the living from the dead 18. Federal judges ruled that it did not burden the religious freedom of the Diné to spray snow made from treated sewer water onto the San Francisco Peaks. What is one reason why the judges struggled to understand the religious claims of the Diné? The Diné religion is closely tied to the physical places, but judges typically think about religion in terms of churches and scriptures 19. What is the name of this traditional Diné home where ceremonies are performed? Hogan 20. Which of the following factors have helped Pentecostal missionaries gain Navajo converts? Pentecostal churches have Navajo pastors who speak both English and Navajo, Pentecostal ideas about the Holy Spirit share similarities with Navajo belief in Holy Wind, Pentecostal services emphasize healing, much like traditional Navajo rituals 21. Which tradition MOST often uses peyote? The Native American Church 22. Navajo sand paintings display elements such as swirling snakes, rotating logs, streaming head plumes, and whirling rainbows. According to Native American artist Trudy Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). Griffin-Pierce, what theme do these elements suggest about Diné life and thought? The idea that everything is moving and in flux Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 23. In Oregon v. Smith, why did the Supreme Court rule that Smith’s religious freedom had not been violated? Peyote is Illegal for everyone in the state of Oregon regardless of their religion 24. The Ninth Circuit Court was given ample information about the religious significance of the San Francisco Peaks to the Diné. Why, then, did it claim the Snowbowl project would not be a “substantial burden” on the Diné’s religious freedom? The ninth circuit ruled that religious exercise is burdened only when the government coerces individuals into acting contrary to their religious beliefs 25. What is Quanah Parker BEST known for? He founded the half moon way of peyotism 26. Diné healing practices often involve a _Diagnostician who determines what is troubling the patient. The patient may then be sent to a Singer who performs a ceremony over them. 27. The Ninth Circuit ruled that while spraying treated sewer water onto a sacred mountain was upsetting to practitioners of the Diné religion, this amounted to “mere damaged feelings.” These feelings did not rise to the level of a “substantial burden” on religion because they were based on a subjective experience. In his dissent, what was Judge Fletcher’s critique of this argument? All religions are based on subjective feelings 28. A Diné enlisted in the United States military suffers nightmares after returning from active duty, so his community performs a ceremony over him. This ceremony was MOST LIKELY a(n) Enemyway 29. The goal of Diné religion is often described as Sa’a Nághaí Bik’e Hózhó. Which of the following is the BEST translation of this term? Long life and happiness 30. To explain the effects of the Snowbowl project on the Diné, judges were asked to imagine whether they would continue to pray at a church that the U.S. Forest Service repeatedly sprayed with treated sewage water. What is the biggest problem with this analogy? Christians can pick a different church to go to but the Dinés sacred mountain cannot be replaced 31. Which of the following statements is true about Navajo religion? Navajo religion has changed overtime and is internally diverse 32. Which of the following might one be likely to see on a headstone when visiting a Native American Church (NAC) cemetery? Any combination of these 33. What is the purpose of this ceremony, known as a kinaalda? It is a puberty ceremony for young women 34. The Snowbowl project occupies only a tiny portion of the San Francisco Peaks. Why can the Diné not simply perform their ceremonies on a different part of the mountain? They regard the mountain as a single living entity that cannot be divided 35. Which of the following factors make scholarship on Diné religion especially difficult? Diné “religion” is not clearly separated from the rest of Diné culture, There is a Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). danger of non-Diné scholars slipping into romantic stereotypes about “the vanishing Indian”, Many Diné beliefs and practices are not revealed to outsiders Intro To World Religions Review Guide (1). 36. Which of the following statements BEST describes the adoption of Peyotism by the Diné? Diné leader initially rejected peyotism, but gradually came to except it 37. According to the Diné creation myth, where did First Man and First Woman come from? They emerged from the lower worlds into the Earth Surface World 38. Arrange these events in chronological order, placing the event that happened first at the top. The first Franciscans arrive in Navajoland in a failed attempt to convert the apaches de Navajo, The Peubo Revold drives the Spanish out of modern day New Mexico, The long walk, a forced march, drived thousands of Diné to incarceration at Bosque Redondo outside Fort Sumner in New Mexico, The Navajo treaty ends their captivity at Bosque Redondo and allows the Diné to return from exile to a newly formed Navajo reservation in their homeland 39. The Diné word Diyin Dine’é is often translated as “Holy People.” Why is this translation potentially misleading? That holy people are sometimes not well behaved Kahoot Questions Only judaism where it comes through mother - Orthodox Dietary restrictions - Koshe Not ethnic tradition - Buddhism Head covering worn by jewish men - Kippi What does shabbat start within judaism - Friday at sundown What is name of the greek translation of the hebrew bible - The septuagint The problem for judaism is and solution is - Exile and Return form of jew after destruction of second temple