Introduction to Composite Materials - Lecture Slides | ME 582, Lab Reports of Materials science

Download Introduction to Composite Materials - Lecture Slides | ME 582 and more Lab Reports Materials science in PDF only on Docsity! ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Chapter 1 Introduction to Composite Materials Dr. Jan Gou Composite Materials Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Definition of Composite Materials A composite is a structural material that consists of two or more combined constituents that are combined at a macroscopic level and are not soluble in each other Reinforcing phase: fibers, particles, or flakes Matrix phase: polymers, metals, ceramics ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Fiber-Reinforced Composites ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Fiber-Reinforced Composites (Cont’d) ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Specific Modulus ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Disadvantages of Composites High cost of fabrication of composites Mechanical characterization of a composite structure is more complex than a metal structure Repair of composites is not a simple process compared to that for metals Composites do not have a high combination of strength and fracture toughness compared to metals Composites do not necessarily give higher performance in all the properties used for material selection: strength, toughness, formability, joinability, corrosion resistance, and affordability ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Fracture Toughness of Composites ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Material Selection Parameters ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Factors vs Mechanical Performance Fiber Factors Length Orientation Shape Materials Matrix Factors Fiber-Matrix Interface Chemical bonding Natural roughness CTE of matrix Reaction bonding ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Corrosion 11% Aircraft -1% Construction 20% Consumer 7% Electrical 10% Marine 11% Appliance -5% Other- 3% Transport 32% 2000 U.S. Composites Shipments Source: CFA (June 2000) Est. 3.9 Billion Lbs of Shipments in 2000 ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Manufacturing of Glass Fibers ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Manufacturing of Carbon Fibers ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Role of Matrices in Composites • Transfer stresses between the fibers • Provide a barrier against an adverse environment • Protect the surface of the fibers from mechanical abrasion • Determine inter-laminar shear shear strength • Determine damage tolerance of composites • Determine in-plane shear strength • Determine the processibility of composites • Determine heat resistance of composites Model of unidirectional composite ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Common Matrices in PMCs ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Thermoplastics and Thermoset ME 582 Advanced Materials Science • Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou Sheet Molding Compounds (SMC) • Matrix: polyester resin, vinyl ester resin • Used for compression molding process • SMC - R: randomly oriented discontinuous fibers • SMC – CR: containing a layer of unidirectional continuous fibers • XMC: containing continuous fibers arranged in an X pattern