Download Introduction to Mapping - Earth Science - Lecture Slides and more Slides Earth Sciences in PDF only on Docsity! "4
“Tons PerVoarScqune Mile
Coeote
ive
Bev z0
Gisun
Ht: 2x0
a
J
a
Aa
ie)
Oo
Pas)
20
2
<
Pa
Earth Science -
Introduction to Maps
docsity.com
What is a map? • A generalized view of an area, usually some portion of Earth’s surface, as seen from above at a greatly reduced size • Any geographical image of the environment • A two-dimensional representation of the spatial distribution of selected phenomena docsity.com A ene -.
Year Deforested
Tieras Boajas * Santa Cruz © Bolivia
Present info concisely
Russian Population
Population, thousands
| i. 488
aga - 135
1) 186 - 1746
(rai. car
HB s200- 0511 worm Ege 201
docsity.com
Cholera and the Map
Show spatial
relationships
docsity.com
docsity.com Large-scale Small-scale docsity.com Map scale • Ratio of the distance on the map to the distance on the ground 1. Graphic: • Stays the same when photocopied • Might not be right for the whole map docsity.com Map symbolization • Symbols are a code instead of text • Three kinds: point, line, area • Consider shape, size, orientation, pattern, color, value docsity.com Visual Variables
Shape
Size
Orientation
Pattern (texture)
Hue (colour)
Hue value
docsity.com
Point symbols • Every symbol counts as one occurrence • Qualitative points – Indicate location – Can also describe that location • Quantitative points – Show a distribution – Indicate a value (graduated symbols) docsity.com Indicate a value
108th Congress Districts
Map Layers
Block Group
1) water Area
Census Place (2000)
County (High)
CE] _block Group
Ml _congress District
‘aMinority
O.4ato 5%
Seite 20%
20% to 40%
40%ato 50%
ME 50%0te 60%
Ml e0ate 2008
ME s0vate 100%
Pop by Race/Ethnicity
5,000
2540
20
& Black
& Amindian
Asian
© Hawaiian
-
»
ra
Other Race
AP_Hispanic Origin
NH_White
a 2 a 6
Vx
Miles
docsity.com
Line symbols • One-dimensional • Mostly taken for granted (borders, roads) • Isolines connect same values • Flow-line maps indicate value by width of line docsity.com MOTUEKA TO TAKAKA
ppg Harwoods
U8 lookout
docsity.com
Area symbols • Each territory or region has one value • Differences in kind • Differences in value – Choropleth maps – Usually, darker indicates more • Cartograms distort area to show value docsity.com Differences in kind docsity.com Differences in kind
(7) Roman cathotic [DD Budanism
Significant Roman Japanese religions
A Catholic population (Shintoism, Bian
Chinese religian
HDD Peotestan Wa ercahiem, Tac,
nfucianism|
BB eastem orthodox aoe
Judaism
= istam
Significant Mustim [Local reigions
Population | Uninhabited
Hinduism
docsity.com
Topographic maps • Also called quadrangles • Nearly 54,000 for the U.S. • Done by the US Geological Survey (USGS) since 1897 • Map out the entire country in a standard fashion docsity.com Topographic maps • Till the 1940s, you climbed to the highest point and plotted what you could see from there • Aerial photography after WWII • Two overlapping photos are put in a stereoscope • 10 photos for each 7.5 minute map docsity.com Topographic maps • Show 2D features, point, line and area; also show 3D via contour lines • Common symbols are in the appendix of the text • Note the contour interval at the bottom of the map docsity.com
