Utility Transmission Vegetation Management and Safety Practices, Exams of Biology

Download Utility Transmission Vegetation Management and Safety Practices and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity! 1 ISA UTILITY ARBORIST MASTER STUDY SET (ALL SECTIONS) TEST RATED 100% CORRECT Sleet - Correct answer Precipitation that freezes solid before it hits the ground Term for a systematic method for command, control, and coordination of an emergency response - Correct answer incident command system Emergency operations center - Correct answer Most utilities, municipalities, and large tree contracting firms have designated storm processes and designated ( ) where conditions are monitored and decisions are made. True - Correct answer T/F Personnel from external organizations who travel to a storm area are generally paid the higher of either their home pay rates or the established local rates 67 - Correct answer Percent accuracy of the US National Hurricane Center to predict the track of a storm True - Correct answer T/F Removal of brush following a storm is typically the responsibility of the customer safety stand down - Correct answer a proactive measure in which all operations are brought to a halt until relevant safety information can be provided to response workers True - Correct answer Organizations such as electric utilities may declare an emergency independent of official government declarations False - Correct answer Enhanced Fujita ratings are based on estimated damage before the storm False - Correct answer Enhanced Fujita ratings are based on wind speeds during the storm 2 False - Correct answer Enhanced Fujita ratings are based on observations during the storm True - Correct answer T/F Enhanced Fujita ratings are based on observed damage following the storm True - Correct answer T/F Rain and snow on dense foliage can increase the likelihood of tree failure True - Correct answer T/F Heavy, wet snows have a snow-to-water equivalent that is 10:1 or less False - Correct answer T/F Heavy; wet snows have a snow-to-water equivalent that is 15:10 False - Correct answer T/F Heavy, wet snows have a snow-to-water equivalent that is 20:1 False - Correct answer T/F Heavy; wet snows have a snow-to-water equivalent that is 30:1 or more False - Correct answer T/F on the Safer-Simpson Hurricane wind scale, a storm must be at least category 5 to be considered major False - Correct answer T/F on the Safer-Simpson Hurricane wind scale, a storm must be at least category 4 to be considered major True - Correct answer T/F on the Safer-Simpson Hurricane wind scale, a storm must be at least category 3 to be considered major False - Correct answer T/F on the Safer-Simpson Hurricane wind scale, a storm must be at least 2 categories to be considered major False - Correct answer T/F a standardized method for improving the overall effectiveness of emergency response is called an Incident Coordination System 5 False - Correct answer T/F The safety acronym STAR is valuable for preventing errors, and stands for Stop, Train, Act, Reflect True - Correct answer T/F A high-reliability organization would not always accept the simplest explanation for close calls or minor incidents False - Correct answer T/F a high-reliability organization would not always accept the need to adhere to electrical minimum approach distances False - Correct answer T/F A high-reliability organization would not always accept the employee's first request for personal protective equipment False - Correct answer a high-reliability organization would not always accept the necessity to perform safety meetings and work briefings True - Correct answer T/F There are no published safety data related specifically to utility arboriculture False - Correct answer T/F The recommended way for an employer to create a safe workplace is to provide a workplace that is free of known dangers False - Correct answer T/F The recommended way for an employer to create a safe workplace is to provide personal protective equipment free of charge True - Correct answer T/F The recommended way for an employer to create a safe workplace is to provide employees within minimal control over their work environment False - Correct answer T/F The recommended way for an employer to create a safe workplace is to inform employees of their rights and duties under the company's safety and health program True - Correct answer T/F Unsafe acts include willful rule violation, maliciousness, and human error 6 False - Correct answer T/F Unsafe acts include willful rule violation, not using active listening with customers, and improper use of PPE False - Correct answer T/F The term accident is in disfavor because it implies that outcomes are due to equipment failure False - Correct answer T/F The term accident is in disfavor because it implies that outcomes are due to ignorance False - Correct answer T/F The term accident is in disfavor because it implies that outcomes are due to back luck False - Correct answer T/F the term accident is in disfavor because it implies that outcomes are due to lack of training False - Correct answer T/F a worker neglecting to wear cut resistant chaps while operating a chainsaw is committing to an unsafe condition, while an employer failing to provide chaps is committing an unsafe act. True - Correct answer T/F According to ANSI Z133, the minimum approach distance for persons other than the qualified line-clearance arborists for 7.2 kV is 10 feet/ 3.25 meters False - Correct answer True/False Surface temperatures at the point of contact with high voltage can reach 2000 C/1832 F False - Correct answer T/F Indirect contact occurs when someone touches an energized fixture. Direct contact can occur when a person touches a conductive object that is in contact with an energized fixture The section of the transmission right of way directly under the wires and extending outward about 10 feet/3 meters on each side - Correct answer wire zone 7 The remainder of the transmission active right of way that is not under the wire and extending outward about 10 feet/3 meters on each side - Correct answer border zone T/F a poison is a substance that has an oral LD50 lower than 50 milligrams per kg of body weight, or a dermal LD50 lower than 200 mg per kg of body weight - Correct answer True T/F The target of IVM is incompatible plants, including noxious weeds and invasive species that pose potentially unacceptable economic, social, or environmental risks - Correct answer True T/F SMART objectives for IVM are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, timely - Correct answer True T/F Level 1 risk assessments review large populations of trees from a specified perspective to identify those that have an imminent or probable likelihood of failure - Correct answer True Term for vegetation, height, density, or other conditions that trigger specific control methods - Correct answer action thresholds T/F For clearing dense vegetation during initial establishment or reclaiming neglected or overgrown right of ways, mechanical control methods are most efficient and cost effective - Correct answer True T/F When properly selected and applied, herbicides can enhance plant, wildlife, and soil diversity and minimize chronic disturbance - Correct answer True Term for the type of toxicity that results from a single exposure or exposure over a short period of time - Correct answer acute toxicity Distance (feet) required to establish a safe buffer zone between a chemical mixing site and a body of water or wetland - Correct answer 100 Term for a technique in which non-trans locatable herbicides are applied to control specific branches growing toward utility facilities - Correct answer chemical side pruning 10 T/F the eyes most readily absorb pesticides relative to other parts of the body (A) - Correct answer True T/F the feet most readily absorb pesticides relative to other parts of the body - Correct answer False T/F the hands most readily absorb pesticides relative to other parts of the body - Correct answer False T/F the forearms most readily absorb pesticides relative to other parts of the body - Correct answer False T/F a tree protection zone of one foot per inch of DBH should be established for a mature tree with moderate tolerance to disturbance - Correct answer True T/F a tree protection zone of one inch per inch of DBH should be established for a mature tree with moderate tolerance to disturbance - Correct answer False T/F a tree protection zone of 6 inches per inch of DBH should be established for a mature tree with moderate tolerance to disturbance - Correct answer False T/F a tree protection zone of two feet per inch of DBH should be established for a mature tree with moderate tolerance to disturbance - Correct answer False T/F a biological control used to provide a competitive advantage of short growing, early successional plants is known as cover type conversion - Correct answer True T/F a biological control used to provide a competitive advantage of short growing, early successional plants is known as subsurface injection - Correct answer False T/F a biological control used to provide a competitive advantage of short growing, early successional plants is known as pollinator promotion - Correct answer False 11 T/F a biological control used to provide a competitive advantage of short growing, early successional plants is known as cut-stump technique - Correct answer False T/F An example of a cultural control technique in a right of way is planting of food crops - Correct answer True T/F An example of a cultural control technique in a right of way is selective herbicide application - Correct answer False T/F An example of a cultural control technique in a right of way is grinding roots of suckering tree species - Correct answer False T/F An example of a cultural control technique in a right of way is relocating lines underground - Correct answer False T/F Oil based pesticides are less easily absorbed through the skin than water soluble pesticides - Correct answer False T/F Compared to overhead electrical facilities, a disadvantage to installing electrical lines underground is potential for increased land disturbance - Correct answer True T/F Compared to overhead electrical facilities, a disadvantage to installing electrical lines underground is the increased installation cost - Correct answer True T/F Compared to overhead electrical facilities, a disadvantage to installing electrical lines underground is outages are often more lengthy - Correct answer True T/F Within buffer areas near bodies of water, as much compatible vegetation should be retained as possible - Correct answer True T/F Within buffer areas near bodies of water, herbicides and pesticides cannot be used - Correct answer False 12 T/F Within buffer areas near bodies of water, cultural control methods are typically the most effective - Correct answer False T/F Within buffer areas near bodies of water, local stakeholders should be contacted prior to scheduling work - Correct answer False False - Correct answer T/F a poison is a substance that has an oral LD50 lower than 100 milligrams per kg of body weight or a dermal LD50 lower than 500 mg per kg of body weight Chronic toxicity - Correct answer term for type of toxicity is the delayed damaging effect resulting from repeated exposure to low amounts of a substance, evolving over a long period T/F An easement is land over which the utility has a right of way to maintain clearance - Correct answer True Term for the planned time between scheduled pruning operations - Correct answer maintenance interval T/F When it has little or no likelihood of failure to impact the facilities, maintenance of the portion of a tree that is outside of the utility easement is the responsibility of the property owner - Correct answer True Term for the type of growth exhibited by trees when they react to structural defects, compensating for structural weakness - Correct answer response growth T/F trees or branches that fall from outside utility easements have a greater impact on service reliability that trees growing into and contacting power lines - Correct answer True Type of cut used to reduce branch length relative to other similar branches - Correct answer subordination Term for extensive growth on decayed stubs from trees that have been rounded over or topped in the past but later converted to directional pruning - Correct answer epitomic growth 15 T/F TGRs result in leaves that are smaller and slightly darker than normal - Correct answer True T/F Chemical and mechanical pruning methods should be restricted to areas with high residential density and many trees - Correct answer False T/F Chemical and mechanical pruning methods should be restricted to areas where individual amenity trees must be reduced in height - Correct answer False T/F Chemical and mechanical pruning methods should be restricted to areas with strict regulations prohibiting arborists from climbing trees - Correct answer False True - Correct answer T/F Communication between vegetation managers, contractors, supervisors, and workers should be both written and verbal True - Correct answer T/F Long-term planning is strategic, while short-term planning is tactical Specifications - Correct answer documents that describe, instruct, and direct work results True - Correct answer T/F Research has shown that trees are more likely to cause outages on 3-phase lines than on single-phase lines Just in time management - Correct answer a results based strategy designed to target trees as close as possible to the time that they interfere with facilities Work breakdown structure - Correct answer a prioritized outline of job components that must be completed for a successful project outcome True - Correct answer for most utilities, vegetation management departments are considered cost centers that do no generate income Purchases of equipment or line construction - Correct answer capital expenses 16 True - Correct answer Time and material contracts, which are based on hourly rates for labor and equipment, are generally low risk for contractors and high risk for utilities Unit price contract - Correct answer Type of contract gaining popularity because the responsibility for productivity, work planning, and scheduling rest with the contractor Straight line - Correct answer Depreciation in which costs are spread out over the lifetime of an item True - Correct answer T/F cycle based work planning is a valid utility management approach True - Correct answer T/F results based work planning is a valid utility management approach False - Correct answer T/F Objective based work planning is a valid utility management approach True - Correct answer T/F Crisis management work planning is a valid utility management approach True - Correct answer T/F SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool and an acronym, meaning strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats False - Correct answer T/F SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool and an acronym, meaning skill, work, objectives, and tactics False - Correct answer T/F SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool and an acronym, meaning Scope, Want, Observation, and Talent False - Correct answer F/T SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool and an acronym, meaning Safety, Weaknesses, Objectives, and Targets False - Correct answer T/F Relative to the cost of routine maintenance, reactive maintenance can cost about the same 17 False - Correct answer T/F Relative to the cost of routine maintenance, reactive maintenance can cost one and a half times as much False - Correct answer T/F Relative to the cost of routine maintenance, reactive maintenance can cost twice as much True - Correct answer T/F Relative to the cost of routine maintenance, reactive maintenance can cost five times as much False - Correct answer T/F Time is not a part of the constraint triangle True - Correct answer T/F skill is not a part of the constraint triangle False - Correct answer T/F cost is not a part of the constraint triangle False - Correct answer T/F scope is not a part of the constraint triangle False - Correct answer T/F With respect to personnel management, low pay is the most common reason that people leave jobs False - Correct answer T/F With respect to personnel management, workload is the most common reason that people leave jobs False - Correct answer T/F With respect to personnel management, relationships with co- workers is the most common reason that people leave jobs True - Correct answer With respect to personnel management, treatment from supervisors is the most common reason that people leave jobs False - Correct answer T/F Communication between vegetation managers, contractors, supervisors, and workers should be verbal first and optionally written 20 False - Correct answer T/F A transformer that is intended to reduce voltage is known as a capacitor True - Correct answer T/F A transformer that is intended to reduce voltage is known as a step down transformer False - Correct answer T/F A transformer that is intended to reduce voltage is known as a step up transformer False - Correct answer T/F A transformer that is intended to reduce voltage is known as a voltage regulator False - Correct answer T/F Aluminum wire is not lighter in comparison to copper wire False - Correct answer T/F Aluminum wire is not lower in cost that copper wire False - Correct answer T/F Aluminum wire is more conductive than copper wire True - Correct answer T/F Aluminum wire can span longer distances than copper wire True - Correct answer T/F guy wires are intended for support rather than electrical conduction True - Correct answer T/F guy wires are made of steel and are therefore conductive True - Correct answer T/F guy wires can become energized by direct or indirect contact with energized wire False - Correct answer T/F guy wires cannot become energized True - Correct answer T/F Electricity seeks the path of least resistance to the ground 21 True - Correct answer T/F Transmission circuit breakers operate in response to abnormally high amperage False - Correct answer T/F Transmission circuit breakers operate in response to abnormally high voltage True - Correct answer T/F Transmission circuit breakers operate in response to abnormally low voltage True - Correct answer T/F Transmission circuit breakers operate in response to unequal current 765 - Correct answer Typical Voltage used by North American utilities for the largest transmission lines Conductor - Correct answer copper, aluminum SAIDI - Correct answer measures the duration of interruptions experienced by the average customer over a given period True - Correct answer most utilities list public safety as a reason for maintaining vegetation, but customers often underestimate the risk Stakeholders - Correct answer term for people with an interest or concern in an organization and its decisions True - Correct answer T/F Because of the high turnover among contractors who perform vegetation management, safety and basic job skill training tends to have a higher priority than communications training True - Correct answer T/F Issuing press releases that describe upcoming projects and their importance to quality service are proactive efforts than can offset negative media coverage 22 Active listening - Correct answer term for a way to ensure that customers know they are being heard and understood Desensitization - Correct answer term for a state of mind that results after answering similar questions repeatedly, such as those that may be asked of a contractor in the field Jargon - Correct answer term for industry/specialist language, can intimidate customer and confuse the message True - Correct answer T/F Some customers may not voice their displeasure about vegetation management directly with the utility company, but instead voice their opinion on social media, leading the utility to underestimate customer dissatisfaction Press release - Correct answer term for supplying media outlets with specific information that the utility wants to make public True - Correct answer T/F Active listening involves setting aside physical and mental distractions to focus attention on the customer True - Correct answer T/F Active listening involves making a genuine effort to hear what the customer is saying False - Correct answer Active listening involves being completely quiet while the customer is talking to indicate that you are listening True - Correct answer Active listening involves responding by restating the customers concerns in your own words T/F the value added by a vegetation management program may not be fully understood by all stakeholders within a utility, causing a utility CEO to ask why so much money is being spent on line clearance when so few outages are caused by trees. - Correct answer True 25 True - Correct answer T/F Amperage is variable on a particular circuit, depending on demand. True - Correct answer T/F As demand increases, amperage increases False - Correct answer T/F As demand increases, amperage decreases Watt - Correct answer measure of electric power, one amp flowing at one volt I x V = W - Correct answer watt equation Resistance - Correct answer opposition to current flow Ohm - Correct answer measure of resistance R = V / I - Correct answer Ohm's law True - Correct answer T/F one ohm is equal to one volt "flowing" at one amp True - Correct answer T/F Increasing voltage increases amperage False - Correct answer T/F Decreasing voltage increases amperage Outage - Correct answer term for a sustained service interruption Overcurrent - Correct answer term for amperages in a conductor that is larger than those for which it is rated Fault - Correct answer bypass of an intended conducting path Fault current - Correct answer amperage of the resulting abnormal electrical flow Short circuit - Correct answer current that is bypassing a designed conducting path 26 Transient fault - Correct answer type of fault that affect the dielectrically properties of a system for an instant Intermittent fault - Correct answer type of fault consisting of repeated momentary interruptions in the same place due to the same cause, often due to sporadic equipment malfunction Current surges - Correct answer term for inrushes of electricity Inductance - Correct answer term for the electrification of a wire by passing through a moving electromagnetic field True - Correct answer T/F Electricity is usually generated in power plants at distribution voltage True - Correct answer T/F Electrical voltage is increased from distribution voltage inside the power plant so that transmission lines can transport it large distances SCADA - Correct answer Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Cycle - Correct answer term for the time it takes a magnet to complete a revolution Hertz - Correct answer number of cycles per second True - Correct answer T/F in North America, electricity is generated at a constant speed of 60 Hz. In other areas of the world, it is produced at the speed of 50 Hz. True - Correct answer T/F Electricity is generated in three phases because stators are wound with three separate coils that are insulated from one another, which ensures against a break in generation because there is no moment where all three are simultaneously at 0. True - Correct answer T/F Fuel-heated steam turbine plants generate the majority of electricity produced in the world. 27 True - Correct answer T/F Aluminum's major disadvantage is its tendency to stretch when it is heated ACSR - Correct answer Aluminum conductor steel reinforced Delta construction - Correct answer type of construction with 3 phases, but no common neutral wire Wye construction - Correct answer type of construction consisting of 3 phases and a grounded or neutral wire Switch - Correct answer a device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit True - Correct answer T/F circuit breakers are the principal protective device in distribution substations False - Correct answer T/F switches are the principal protective device in distribution substations Automatic line reclose - Correct answer a device that puts an entire circuit out of service when opened, designed to reset quickly to give the cause of a fault the opportunity to clear beforehand Zippos - Correct answer legendary Pokémon True - Correct answer a lockout requires a lineman to manually reset an automatic reclose Line sectionalized - Correct answer a device that isolates line sections or protective zones used to limit the number of customers out of service during an outage Fuse - Correct answer Device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit, isolating a fault and de-energizing the line forward from it 30 Manual - Correct answer method of maintaining ROWs by using workers carrying hand tools, such as chainsaws, handsaws, pruning shears, and other devices True - Correct answer T/F manual methods of maintaining ROWs can be inefficient and expensive compared to other methods, but have the advantage of being selective and can be used where others may not be appropriate Mechanical - Correct answer method of maintaining ROWs utilizing machines that cannot be handheld True - Correct answer T/F mechanical methods of maintaining ROWs have the advantage of efficiency and can be cost-effective in the short term, but are non-selective and can disrupt environmentally sensitive or cultural sites and cannot be used on all types of terrain. Chemical - Correct answer method of maintaining ROWs utilizing tree growth regulators or herbicides Biological - Correct answer method for maintaining ROWs utilizing animals, insects, or pathogens that compete with problematic species allelopathy - Correct answer characteristic of some plants (grasses) that release chemicals that suppress other plant species growing around them, which can be useful for IVM cultural - Correct answer method for maintaining ROWs that modify habitat to discourage incompatible vegetation and establish/manage compatible plant species, such as planting a lawn or low growing crops True - Correct answer T/F A mature tree with good species tolerance requires .75 feet per one inch of DBH to establish an optimal tree protection zone True - Correct answer T/F a mature tree with poor species tolerance requires 1.25 feet per inch of dbh to establish an optimal tree protection zone 31 True - Correct answer T/F When an overcurrent caused by a fault occurs, the fuse element melts, opening the fuse holder portion of the cutout what is the most common piece of equipment used in utility line clearance? - Correct answer if a tree contractor finds down wire, who is the first person they should call/what is their first action? - Correct answer What type of tool would you use on a tree that has grown into the conductors? - Correct answer T/F The part of the tree that produces water sprouts are lateral buds - Correct answer True If a contractor needs to stop traffic to trim roadside trees, who do they contact first? - Correct answer recurrent trees - Correct answer T/F The development of callus tissue is the most important sign that a wound has healed properly - Correct answer False T/F A wound that closes evenly from all sides is the most important sign that it has healed properly - Correct answer True T/F Species, Location of pruning cuts, amount removed, and site factors are the most important things to consider in order to plan for a tree's response to pruning - Correct answer True Co-dominant stems removal - Correct answer T/F If a branch that is 9 inches in diameter is being removed, a lateral that is at least 3 inches in diameter needs to be left (1/3 of limb) - Correct answer True reduction cut - Correct answer 32 natural pruning systems - Correct answer which is not documented in written form? - Correct answer ROW/Easement, Franchise, T/F The acronym P.A.S.S stands for Pull, Aim, Squeeze, and Sweep - Correct answer True circuit maps - Correct answer T/F The triple constraint triangle elements are Time, Cost, and Scope - Correct answer True hot spotting - Correct answer Adjuvant - Correct answer term for any additive to the herbicide formulation or mixture that is intended to enhance efficacy or application characteristics, including emulsifiers, surfactants, drift control agents, and dyes. True - Correct answer T/F Adjuvants such as drift control agents and other surfactants may be added to an herbicide mix or spray tank at the time of use to address unique efficacy concerns (late-season applications or drought conditions) True - Correct answer T/F When terminal buds are removed, apical dominance is reduced and trees respond by sprouting from lateral buds True - Correct answer T/F Trees respond with vigorous sprout growth from lateral buds when they are severely headed or rounded over, because terminal buds have been removed and apical dominance has been reduced. True - Correct answer T/F Directional pruning conserves as many terminal buds as possible, leading to less vigorous sprouting from lateral buds species, pruning method, vitality, amount removed - Correct answer four factors that determine a tree's response to utility pruning