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GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 1 NEXUS Publications fvlv cÖ_g cwi‡”Q` ÔfvlvÕ ms¯‥…Z Ôfvl &Õ avZz ‡_‡K G‡m‡Q, hvi A_© ÔejvÕ ev ÔKIqvÕ| gvbyl Zvi g‡bi fve A‡b¨i Kv‡Q cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ KÉaŸwb Ges nvZ, cv, †PvL BZ¨vw` A½-cÖZ¨‡½i mvnv‡h¨ Bw½Z K‡i _v‡K| KÚaŸwbi mvnv‡h¨ gvbyl hZ †ewk cwigvY g‡bvfve cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i, Bw½‡Zi mvnv‡h¨ ZZUv cv‡i bv| Avi KÉaŸwbi mnvqZvq gvbyl g‡bi m~²vwZm~² fveI cÖKvk Ki‡Z mg_© nq| KÉaŸwb ej‡Z gyLMnŸi, KÉ, bvK BZ¨vw`i mvnv‡h¨ D”PvwiZ †evaMg¨ aŸwb ev aŸwb mgwó‡K †evSvq| GB aŸwbB fvlvi g~j Dcv`vb ev ÿz`ªZg GKK| GB aŸwbi mvnv‡h¨ fvlvi m„wó nq| Avevi aŸwbi m„wó nq evM&h‡š¿i Øviv| Mjbvwj, gyLweei, KÉ, wRnŸv, Zvjy, `vuZ, bvK BZ¨vw` evK& cÖZ¨½‡K GK K_vq e‡j evM&hš¿| GB evM&h‡š¿i Øviv D”PvwiZ A_©‡evaK aŸwbi mvnv‡h¨ gvby‡li fve cÖKv‡ki gva¨g‡K fvlv e‡j| mKj gvby‡li fvlvB evM&h‡š¿i Øviv m„ó| ZeyI GKB aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwói A_© wewfbœ gvbe‡Mvôxi †ÿ‡Î wewfbœ iKg n‡Z cv‡i| G Kvi‡Y wewfbœ gvbe‡Mvôxi Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v fvlvi m„wó n‡q‡Q| gvby‡li KÉwbtm„Z evK& ms‡K‡Zi msMVb‡K fvlv ejv nq| A_©vr evM &h‡š¿i Øviv m„ó A_©‡evaK aŸwbi ms‡K‡Zi mvnv‡h¨ gvby‡li fve cÖKv‡ki gva¨gB n‡jv fvlv| ‡`k, Kvj I cwi‡ek‡f‡` fvlvi cv_©K¨ I cwieZ©b N‡U| wewfbœ cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡k Ae ’̄vb K‡i gvbyl Avcb g‡bvfve cÖKv‡ki D‡Ï‡k¨ wewfbœ e¯‘ I fv‡ei Rb¨ wewfbœ aŸwbi mvnv‡h¨ k‡ãi m„wó K‡i‡Q| †mme kã g~jZ wbw ©̀ó cwi‡e‡k gvby‡li e ‘̄ I fv‡ei cÖZxK (Symbol) gvÎ| eZ©gv‡b c„w_ex‡Z mv‡o wZb nvRv‡ii †ewk fvlv cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ evsjv GKwU fvlv| Px‡bi gv›`vwib fvlv c„w_exi me‡P‡q †ewk gvby‡li gvZ…fvlv| fvlvfvlx RbmsL¨v ev K_v ejvi w`K w`‡q fvlvi Ae¯’vb: (Z_¨wU RbmsL¨vi Dci wbf©ikxj) fvlvi bvg Ae ’̄vb gv›`vwib (•PwbK) cÖ_g ¯ú¨vwbk wØZxq Bs‡iwR Z…Zxq wnw›` PZz_© Aviwe cÂg evsjv lô cZz©wMR mßg ‡bvU: beg I `kg †kÖwYi e¨vKiY Abyhvqx evsjv fvlvi Ae¯’vb 4_©| eBwU A‡bK eQi Avc‡WU Kiv nq bv| ZvB cixÿvq mwVK DËi Ki‡e 6ô| `vßwiK fvlv/Awdwmqvj j v̈½y‡qR/ AvšÍR©vwZK fvlv/RvwZmsN KZ…©K ¯̂xK…Z fvlv wn‡m‡e we‡k¦ Bs‡iwR fvlvi ’̄vb cÖ_g Ges evsjv fvlvi ’̄vb `kg| fvlv, aŸwb, kã, eY© I ev‡K¨i Dcv`vb Ges DcKiY m¤úwK©Z mKj cÖkœ  fvlvi g~j Dcv`vb- aŸwb  fvlvi g~j Dcv`vb - kã ‡bvU: aŸwb Ges kã ỳ‡UvB Ack‡b _vK‡j DËi n‡e- aŸwb|  fvlvi ÿz`ªZg Ask- aŸwb  fvlvi ÿz`ªZg Ask- kã ‡bvU: aŸwb Ges kã ỳ‡UvB Ack‡b _vK‡j DËi n‡e- aŸwb|  fvlvi g~j DcKiY- evK¨  fvlvi g~j DcKiY- ‡g․wjK kã ‡bvU: evK¨ Ges ‡g․wjK kã ỳ‡UvB Ack‡b _vK‡j DËi n‡e- evK¨|  fvlvi e„nËg GKK- evK¨  fvlvi Qv` ejv nq- evK¨  fvlvi BU ejv nq- eY©  fvlvi ¯^i ejv nq- aŸwb  k‡ãi Dcv`vb- eY©  k‡ãi Dcv`vb- aŸwb ‡bvU: eY© Ges aŸwb ỳ‡UvB Ack‡b _vK‡j DËi n‡e- eY©|  k‡ãi ÿz`ªZg Ask - eY©  k‡ãi ÿz`ªZg Ask - aŸwb ‡bvU: eY© Ges aŸwb ỳ‡UvB Ack‡b _vK‡j DËi n‡e- eY©|  k‡ãi DcKiY- evK¨  k‡ãi A_©hy³ Dcv`vb - iƒc  k‡ãi A_©hy³ ÿz ª̀Zg Ask- iƒc  e‡Y©i DcKiY- kã  aŸwb wb‡ ©̀kK wPý- eY©  ev‡K¨i Dcv`vb- kã  ev‡K¨i ÿz`ªZg Ask- kã  ev‡K¨i g~j DcKiY- kã  ev‡K¨i †g․wjK Dcv`vb- kã  ev‡K¨i GKK- kã  ev‡K¨i evnb- kã ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨m¤¢vi:  gvby‡li gy‡L D”PvwiZ A_©‡evaK I g‡bvfve cÖKvkK aŸwbmgwó‡K e‡j fvlv|  fvlvi g~j Dcv`vb ev ÿz`ªZg GKK-aŸwb|  fvlvi g~j DcKiY - evK¨|  fvlv‡K iƒc`vb Ki‡Z Kx‡mi mvnvh¨ wb‡Z nq? evMh‡š¿i|  gvbyl g‡bi m~²vwZm~² fve cÖKvk K‡i Kx‡mi gva¨‡g?- KÉaŸwbi gva ‡̈g|  fvlvi cv_©K¨ I cwieZ©b N‡U Kx †f‡`?- †`k, Kvj I cwi‡ek †f‡`|  fvlvZvwË¡Kiv c„w_exi mg¯Í fvlv‡K 26 wU fvlv esk ev †Mvôx‡Z wef³ K‡i‡Qb|  eZ©gv‡b c„w_ex‡Z mv‡o wZb nvRv‡ii Dc‡i fvlv cÖPwjZ Av‡Q |  c„w_ex‡Z gv›`vwib (Pxb) fvlvfvlxi gvbyl mePvB‡Z †ewk| fvlv, evsjv fvlv I evsjv wjwc GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 2 NEXUS Publications Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. fvlvi ÿz`ªZg GKK †KvbwU? [cÖvK-cÖv_wgK mnKvix wkÿK cixÿv- 15; evwYR¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi mnKvix cwiPvjK cixÿv- 13] K eY© L kã M e` N aŸwb 02. eZ©gv‡b c„w_ex‡Z cÖPwjZ fvlvi msL¨v KZ? [R.we-K 2017-2018; mgvR †mev Awdmvi cixÿv- 2006] K mv‡o wZb nvRvi L AvovB nvRvi M ỳB nvRvi N cuvP nvRvi 03. gvby‡li KÉwbtm„Z evK& ms‡K‡Zi msMVb‡K Kx e‡j? [Gm.Gm.wm: iv.†ev-12, h.†ev-04, Kz.†ev-15, 13, P.†ev-11, wm.†ev-19, 07, e.†ev-12, 05] K aŸwb L kã M evK¨ N fvlv 04. wK‡mi †f‡` fvlvi cv_©K¨ I cwieZ©b N‡U? [Gm.Gm.wm: Xv.†ev-10, P.†ev- 19, w`.†ev-12, Kz.†ev-11, weAviwWwe mnKvix cwiPvjK (cÖkvmb)- 13] K †`k I Kvj‡f‡` L †`k, Kvj I e¨w³‡f‡` M Kvj, cwi‡ek I e¨w³‡f‡` N †`k, Kvj I cwi‡ek‡f‡` 05. fvlvi g~j DcKiY Kx? [11Zg cÖfvlK wbeÜb cixÿv (K‡jR/ mgch©vq)Ñ2014] K evK¨ L aŸwb M kã N eY© . DËi cÎ . 01. N 02. K 03. N 04. N 05. K evsjv fvlvi DrcwË Ôe½Õ bvgwU cÖvPxb n‡jI ÔevsjvÕ bvgwU A‡cÿvK…Z Ae©vPxb| F‡M¦‡`i HZ‡iq AviY¨‡Ki GKwU †køv‡K (2:1:1) Ôe½Õ K_vwUi D‡jøL Av‡Q| GQvov cÖvPxb gnvfviZ I cZÄwj gnvfv‡l¨ Gi D‡jøL cvIqv hvq| ÔevsjvÕ bvgwUi cÖPjb n‡q‡Q G‡`‡k gymjgvb AvwacZ¨ (wLªóxq ·qv`k kZK) m~Pbvi ci| divwm Ôe½vjvnÕ †_‡K cZz©wMR Ô‡e½jvÕ Ges Bs‡iR‡`i gy‡L Ô‡e½jÕ D”PviY G‡m GB kãwUi cwiewZ©Z iƒc †`Lv ‡M‡Q| †ivgvb Kwe Iwf‡`i I wMÖK cwÐZ U‡jwgi †jLvq M½v-we‡a․Z e½f‚wgi cÖm½ i‡q‡Q| Avevi †KD †KD g‡b K‡ib, Ôe½Õ k‡ãi m‡½ Rwgi mxgv wba©viK ÔAvjÕ kã †hvM K‡i Ôe½vjÕ k‡ãi DrcwË Ges Zv †_‡K Ôe½vjvÕ bv‡gi DrcwË| Ôev½vjvÕ †_‡KB ÔevsjvÕ bv‡gi DrcwË n‡q‡Q e‡j A‡b‡KB ¯̂xKvi K‡ib| ci¯ú‡ii m‡½ fve wewbg‡qi Rb¨ evsjv kã e¨envi K‡i Avgiv †h me A_©c~Y© aŸwb D”PviY Kwi mvaviYfv‡e Zv‡KB ewj Ôevsjv fvlvÕ| iex›`ªbv_ evsjv fvlv m¤ú‡K© e‡jb, ÔÔevsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm LÐZvi BwZnvm| c~e©e½- cwðge½-ivp-e‡i‡› ª̀i fvM †Kej f‚‡Mv‡ji fvM bq; AšÍ‡ii fvMI wQj Zvi m‡½ Rwo‡q; mgv‡Ri wgjI wQj bv| ZeyI Gi g‡a¨ H‡K¨i †h aviv P‡j G‡m‡Q †m fvlvi HK¨ wb‡q| GZKvj Avgv‡`i †h evOvwj ejv n‡q‡Q Zvi msÁv n‡”Q, Avgiv evsjv e‡j _vwK| ÕÕ B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq g~j fvlv n‡Z evsjv fvlvi DrcwË| B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq g~j fvlv `yBfv‡M wef³ wQj- †KšÍg I kZg| kZg kvLv n‡Z Avh© fvlvi D™¢e| Avh©‡`i ag©MÖš’ Ô‡e`Õ-Gi fvlviB cwigvwR©Z iƒc n‡”Q ms¯‥…Z fvlv| Kv‡ji cwiµgvq bvbv weeZ©‡bi gva¨‡g G fvlv evsjv fvlvq iƒc jvf K‡i| c~e©vÂjxq e½ AÂj I Gi Avkcv‡ki RbM‡Yi Øviv e¨eüZ e‡j G fvlvi bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ôevsjv fvlvÕ| evsjv fvlvi DrmMZ †kÖwYwefvM: Ôevsjv fvlvÕ‡K wZbwU Í̄‡i wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q- cÖ_g Í̄i cÖvPxb evsjv fvlv w ’̄wZKvj 650-1200 mvj ch©šÍ wØZxq Í̄i ga¨hyMxq evsjv fvlv w ’̄wZKvj 1201-1800 mvj ch©šÍ Z…Zxq Í̄i AvaywbK evsjv fvlv w ’̄wZKvj 1801-eZ©gvb ch©šÍ ] ]  evsjv fvlvi KvÐvwi (g~jM‡elK)- W±i gyn¤§` kwn`yjøvn Ges W±i mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq| B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq BD‡ivcxq •ckvPx Bivbxq †Kš‘g kZg B‡›`v-Bivbxq •ew`K ms¯‹…Z cÖvK…Z Aa©gvMax gvMax †kŠi‡kbx fviZxq e½Kvgiƒcx Dwoqv/Dwol¨v wenvwi Amwgqv evsjv gvMax cÖvK…Z (m¨vi RR© wMqvm©b I mybxwZKzgv‡ii g‡Z) †MŠoxq cÖvK…Z  †MŠoxq Acåsk (W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvnÕi g‡Z) W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvnÕi g‡Z evsjv fvlvi D™¢e: B‡›`v BD‡ivcxq  kZg  Avh©fvlv  cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh©fvlv  cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© K_¨  cÖvPxb cÖvP¨ cÖvK…Z  †M․ox cÖvK…Z  †M․ox Acåsk  evsjv fvlv| W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvnÕi g‡Z- evsjv fvlvi DrcwË nq- 650 mv‡j/mßg kZvãx‡Z| m¨vi RR© wMqvm©b I W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi g‡Z evsjv fvlvi D™¢e nq- gvMax cªvK…Z n‡Z| W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi g‡Z evsjv fvlvi DrcwË nq- 950 mv‡j/`kg kZvãx‡Z| GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 5 NEXUS Publications Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. fvlvi †Kvb ixwZ †KejgvÎ †jL¨iƒ‡c e¨eüZ nq? [Lv`¨ cwi`k©K/Dc-Lv`¨ cwi`k©K c‡` wb‡qvM cixÿv-11] K K_¨ ixwZ L AvÂwjK ixwZ M mvay ixwZ N PwjZ ixwZ 02. evsjv fvlvi ixwZ KqwU? [Gm.Gm.wm: Kz.†ev-12; h.†ev-03 ] K `yBwU L wZbwU M PviwU N cuvPwU 03. mvay I PwjZ ixwZi wgkÖ‡Y evK¨ †Kvb& †`v‡l `yó nq? [P.we-2018-201] K ¸iæPÛvwj †`vl L AvÂwjK †`vl M evûj¨ †`vl N Dr‡cÖÿv †`vl 04. †Kvb fvlvixwZi c`web¨vm mywbqwš¿Z I mywbw`©ó? [beg †emiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb 2013; 6ô wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv- 10] K K_¨ fvlv L AvÂwjK fvlv M mvay fvlv N PwjZ fvlv 05. †Kvb k㸔Q mvayfvlvi D`vniY? [Gm.Gm.wm: wm.†ev-09, e.†ev-15] K Zzjv, mwnZ L Ry‡Zv, gv_v M cwoj, †`‡L N ey‡bv, Zz‡jv . DËi cÎ . 01. M 02. K 03. K 04. M 05. K evsjv wjwci DrcwË fviZxq Avw` fvlv Avh© fvlvi cÖvPxbZg wjwc eªvþx wjwc| G eªvþx wjwc n‡Z evsjv wjwci D™¢e| wLª÷c~e© Z…Zxq kZ‡K gnvivR A‡kv‡Ki mg‡qi wkjvwjwc †_‡K GB wjwc cvIqv hvq| eªvþx wjwci cÖvPxb iƒc cwieZ©b n‡q evsjv, †`ebvMwi, ewg©, k¨vwg, wZeŸwZ cÖf…wZ eY©gvjvi D™¢e n‡q‡Q| evsjv wjwci weeZ©‡bi iƒc‡iLv evsjv wjwci DrmMZ †kÖwYwefvM:  fviZe‡l© me©cÖ_g QvcvLvbvi cÖeZ©b K‡ib cZz©wMRiv| 1498 mv‡j Zviv fviZe‡l© Av‡mb Ges `wÿY fvi‡Zi †Mvqvq Dcwb‡ek ’̄vcb K‡ib| Gi wKQzKvj c‡iB Zviv BD‡ivc n‡Z ỳwU gy`ªbhš¿ G‡b GLv‡b ’̄vcb K‡ib| Gi GKwU‡Z 1557 mv‡j GKwU MÖš’ cZz©wMR fvlvq †ivgvb ni‡d gyw ª̀Z nq| GUvB fviZe‡l© gyw ª̀Z cÖ_g MÖš’|  1778 mv‡j Pvj©m DBjwKÝ I GÛzR mv‡ne ûMwj‡Z Ges 1800 wLª÷v‡ã †Wbgv‡K©i kvmbvaxb kªxivgcyi wgk‡b DBwjqvg IqvW© I ‡Rwm gvk©g¨v‡bi mnvqZvq DBwjqvg †Kwi gy`ªbhš¿ ’̄vcb K‡ib| Pvj©m DBjwK݇K evsjv gy`ªvÿ‡ii RbK ejv nq| Zvi wb‡ ©̀kbv Abyhvqx cÂvbb Kg©Kvi evsjv Aÿi †Lv`vB K‡ib| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨m¤¢vi:  fviZxq mg Í̄ wjwci DrcwË- cÖvPxb fvi‡Z cÖPwjZ wPÎwjwc n‡Z|  eªvþx wjwc mgMÖ fviZe‡l© we Í̄…wZ N‡U- m¤ªvU A‡kv‡Ki c„ô‡cvlKZvq|  evsjv wjwci DrcwË -eªvþx wjwc ‡_‡K|  evsjv wjwci MVbKvh© ïiæ nq- †mb es‡ki kvmbvg‡j|  evsjv wjwci cÖmvi N‡U- cvj kvmbvg‡j|  fvi‡Zi cÖvPxb wjwci ỳwU iƒc cvIqv hvq|| K. eªvþx wjwc L. L‡ivôx wjwc  eªvþx wjwc evg w`K †_‡K Wvb w`‡K †jLv nq|  L‡ivôx wjwc Wvb w`K †_‡K evg w`‡K †jLv nq|  †g․h© mgªvU A‡kvK Zuvi kvmbKvh© wjwce× Ki‡Z eªvþx wjwc e¨envi K‡ib|  wLª÷c~e© Z…Zxq kZ‡K gnvivR A‡kv‡Ki wkjv wjwc‡Z eªvþx wjwc cvIqv hvq|  eªvþx wjwc n‡Z wZbwU wjwci D™¢e N‡UÑ K. cwÐgv wjwc L. ga¨fviZxq wjwc M. c~e©x wjwc  evsjv wjwc cÖ_g e¨eüZ nq b v̈_vwb‡qj eªvwm †nj‡nW ev n¨v‡jW -Gi ‘A GRAMMAR OF THE BENGAL LANGUAGE’ MÖ‡š’| GwU evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g c~Y©v½ e v̈KiY| GB MÖš’wU 1778 wLª÷v‡ã KjKvZvi ûMjx †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq |  evsjv wjwci wWRvBb •Zwi K‡ib Pvj©m DBjwKÝ|  evsjv wjwci †Lv`vBKvi cÂvbb Kg©Kvi| Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. evsjv wjwci Drm wK? [14 Zg wewmGm] K ms¯‥…wZ wjwc L Pxbv wjwc M Aviwe wjwc N eªvþx wjwc 02. †Kvb evOvwj me©cÖ_g gy`ª‡Yi Rb¨ evsjv nid •Zwi K‡ib? [P:we:-B-1 2013-2014] K cÂvbb Kg©Kvi L cvÂRb¨ Kg©Kvi M cÂvbb †` N cÂvbb mvnv 03. evsjv Aÿ‡ii cÖ_g bKkv •Zwi K‡ib- [Bwe L- 2005-2006] K W. gynv¤§` kwn ỳjøvn L ew¼gP› ª̀ P‡Ævcva¨vq M DBwjqvg †Kix N Pvj©m DBjwKÝ 04. †Kvb wjwc weewZ©Z n‡q evsjv wjwci Rš§- (iv: we:-ÔLÕ 14-15) K L‡ivôx wjwc L KxjK wjwc M eªvþx wjwc N wPÎwjwc 05. †h wjwc‡Z evsjv fvlv †jLv nq Zvi bvg (iv: we:-E 12-13) K evsjv wjwc L bvMwi wjwc M Aviwe wjwc N KzwUj wjwc . DËi cÎ . 01. N 02. K 03. N 04. M 05. K L‡ivôx wjwc eªvþx wjwc fviZxq wjwc cwÐgv wjwc ga¨fviZxq wjwc c~e©x wjwc evsjvwjwc I eY©gvjv Pvjm© DBjwKÝ GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 6 NEXUS Publications wewmGm cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 01. mvay I PwjZ fvlvi g~j cv_©K¨ †Kvb c‡` †ewk †`Lv hvq? [39Zg; 15Zg I 16Zg wewmGm cixÿv; cÖKí ev¯Íevqb Kg©KZ©v (`y‡h©vM I ÎvY gš¿Yvjq) cixÿv-2004; Ly.we-2016-2017; Xvwe: M 2017-18; Gm.Gm.wm: iv.†ev-2019, 11, 07, 04, h.†ev-2000, P.†ev-2005, Xv.†ev-2010, Kz.†ev-2019] Q K we‡kl¨ I we‡klY L wµqv I me©bv‡g M we‡kl¨ I wµqvq N we‡klY I wµqvq 02. evsjv K_¨ fvlvi Avw` MÖš’ †KvbwU? [29 Zg wewmGm] Q K cÖfz whïi evYx L K…cvi kv‡ ¿̄i A_©‡f` M djgwY I KiƒYvi weeiY N wgkbvwi Rxeb 03. ÔZrmg k‡ãi e¨envi †Kvb ixwZ‡Z †ewk nq? [29Zg wewmGm; K…wl m¤úªmviY Awa`߇ii DcÑmnKvix K…wl Kg©KZ©v 2014] Q K PwjZ ixwZ L mvay ixwZ M wgkª ixwZ N AvÂwjK ixwZ 04. ÔRxe‡b R¨vVvwg I mvwn‡Z¨ b¨vKvwgÕ mn¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb bv- [27Zg wewGm cixÿv] R K ew¼gP› ª̀ L ‣mq` gyRZev Avjx M cÖg_ †P․ayix N cÖg_bv_ wekx 05. mvay fvlv mvaviYZ †Kv_vq Abyc‡hvMx? [18 Zg wewmGm] S K KweZvi cO&w³‡Z L Mv‡bi Kwj‡Z M M‡íi msjv‡c N bvU‡Ki msjv‡c 06. evsjv fvlvi D™¢e n‡q‡Q wb‡¤œv³ GKwU fvlv †_‡K Ñ [17 Zg wewmGm; DcmnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (wewUwf) cixÿv- 11] R K ms¯‥…Z L cvwj M cÖvK…Z N AcÖåsk 07. evsjv fvlvi Avw` Í̄‡ii w ’̄wZKvj †KvbwU? [14 Zg wewmGm] P K `kg †_‡K PZz`©k kZvãx L GKv̀ k †_‡K cÂ`k kZvãx M Øv`k †_‡K †lvok kZvãx N ·qv̀ k †_‡K mß`k kZvãx 08. ¸iæPÐvjx †`vlgy³ †KvbwU? [10Zg wewmGm cixÿv] R K ke‡cvov L gov`vn M ke`vn N kegov wcGmwm I Ab¨vb¨ miKvwi cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 01. evsjv‡`k Qvov †Kvb A‡ji gvby‡li fvlv evsjv? [mgvR‡mev Awa`߇ii BDwbqb mgvRKg©x wb‡qvM cixÿv- 2016] P K Dwol¨v L Zvwgj M bvMcyi N wg‡Rvivg 02. evMh‡š¿i Ask bq- [‡emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb cixÿv- 2015] R K `vuZ L Zvjy M Kvb N bvK 03. evsjv fvlv †Kvb g~j fvlvi AšÍM©Z? [11Zg †emiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv ( ‹̄zj/ mgch©vq)Ñ 14; mßg †emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb cixÿv- 11] R K `ªvweo L BDivcxq M B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq N †m‡gwUK 04. e¨vKiY I fvlvi g‡a¨ †KvbwU Av‡M m„wó n‡q‡Q? [10Zg †emiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv (̄ ‹zj/ mgch©vq)Ñ 14] Q K e¨vKiY L fvlv M e¨vKiY I fvlv DfqB GKmv‡_ N †KvbwUB bq 05. fviZe‡l© gymwjg kvmbvg‡j ivRfvlv wQjÑ [10g †emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb I cªZ¨qb cixÿv: 2014] S K evsjv L ms¯‥…Z M Aviwe N dviwm 06. W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvnÕi g‡Z evsjv fvlvi D™¢eÑ [10g †emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb I cªZ¨qb cixÿv Ñ2014] Q K ms¯‥…Z †_‡K L †M․oxq cÖvK…Z †_‡K M gvMax cÖvK…Z †_‡K N •gw_jx †_‡K 07. ÔBD‡b‡¯‹v KZ mv‡j 21 †k †deªæqvwi‡K AvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv w`em wn‡m‡e ¯̂xK…wZ †`q? [10g †emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb I cªZ¨qb cixÿv Ñ2014] Q K 1998 L 1999 M 2000 N 2005 08. mvayfvlvi •ewkó¨ †KvbwU? [gv`K ª̀e¨ wbqš¿Y Awa: mnKvix cwiPvjK 2013; Gm.Gm.wm. Xv.†ev-13, iv.†ev-10, h.†ev-12] Q K ¸iƒPÐvjx L ¸iƒM¤¢xi M A‡eva¨ N `y‡e©va¨ 09. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mvayixwZi D`vniY? [̄ ^ivóª gš¿Yvj‡qi gv`K ª̀e¨ wbqš¿Y Awa`߇ii cwi`k©K 2013; 6ô wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv- 10] Q K ZLb Mfxi Qvqv †b‡g Av‡m me©Î L ZLb Mfxi Qvqv bvwgqv Avwmj meLv‡b M ZLb Mfxi Qvqv bvwgqv Av‡m me©Î N ZLb Mfxi Qvqv me©Î †X‡K wM‡q‡Q 10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU PwjZ ixwZi kã? [̄ ^ivóª gš¿Yvj‡qi gv`K ª̀e¨ wbqš¿Y Awa`߇ii Dc- cwi`k©K 13; mßg †eimKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb cixÿv- 11] Q K Zzjv L ïK‡bv M cwoj N mwnZ 11. Ôey‡bvÕ †Kvb fvlvixwZi kã? [8g †eiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv 2012] S K mvay fvlv L K_¨ fvlv M AvÂwjK fvlv N PwjZ fvlv 12. gvby‡li gy‡L D”PvwiZ A_©‡evaK I g‡bvfve cÖKvk aŸwb mgwó‡K e‡j- [mnKvix wkÿv Awdmvi cixÿv- 2005] S K eY© L kã M evK¨ N fvlv 13. B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq fvlvi KqUv kvLv? [mgvR msMVb (mgvR‡mev Awa`ßi) cixÿv- 2005] Q K GKUv L `y‡Uv M wZb‡U N Pvi‡U 14. evsjv fvlvi DrcwËKvj- [6ô mnKvix RR cixÿv- 2011] P K mßg kZvãx L Aóg kZvãx M beg kZvãx N `kg kZvãx 15. ‡KvbwU PwjZ iƒc? [mnKvix cwiPvjK (wegvb I ch©Ub) cixÿv- 05] R K Zzjv L Zzwj M Zz‡jv N Zzjx 16. Ôcvi nBqvÕ- GB wµqvi mvay iƒcwU PwjZ iƒ‡c iƒcvšÍwiZ Ki‡j Kx n‡e? [mnKvix cwiPvjK (wcGmwm) cixÿv- 94] R K cvi n‡q L cviv‡q M ‡cwi‡q N cvi nB‡q 17. fvlv cÖKv‡ki gva¨g KqwU? [Awdmvi I KviLvbv ZË¡veavqK (we`y¨r LwbR m¤ú` gš¿Yvjq) c‡` cixÿv- 11] Q K 1wU L 2wU M 3wU N 4wU 18. ‡KvbwU mvayixwZi kã? [mßg †emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb cixÿv- 11] S K AvR L wgbwZ M Rj N ‡Rvmbv 19. ÔmvayfvlvÕ cwifvlvwU cÖ_g e¨envi K‡ib- [Aóg cÖfvlK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv- 12] Q K ivRv gwb †gvnb ivq L ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq M Ck̂i P›`ª we`¨vmvMi N Aÿq Kzgvi `Ë 20. PwjZ ixwZ‡Z †Kvb kãwU e¨eüZ nq bv-[weAviwWwe mnKvix cwiPvK (cÖkvmb) c‡` cixÿv- 13] P K Zzjv L Iiv M n‡jb N wZwb 21. ÔPwKZ nBqvÕ Gi PwjZ iƒc- [weAviwWwe mnKvix cwiPvjK (cÖkvmb) c‡` cixÿv-13] P K PwKZ n‡q L PwKZ nBqv M PwK‡Z N Pg‡K 22. ÔQov‡jÕ Gi mvay iƒc- [weAviwWwe mnKvix cwiPvjK (cÖkvmb) c‡ ̀cixÿv-13] S K QovB‡j L e¨vß nB‡j M e¨vw߇j N QovBqv w`‡j 23. fvlvi †gŠwjK Ask KqwU? [12Zg wkÿK wbeÜb 2015] Q K wZbwU L PviwU M cuvPwU N QqwU 24. ‡Kvb fvlvq mvwn‡Z¨i Mv¤¢xh© I AvwfRvZ¨ cÖKvk cvq? [cÖvK cÖv_wgK mnKvwi wkÿK (ivBb) cixÿv-13; Lv`¨ cwi`k©K cixÿv-2000] Q K K_¨ fvlvq L mvay fvlvq M AvÂwjK fvlvq N PwjZ fvlvq weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœmg~n GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 7 NEXUS Publications 25. ‡KvbwU PwjZ fvlvi •ewkó¨ bq? [cÖ‡qvRK wewUwf †MÖW-2 cixÿv- 06] R K wµqvc‡`i m¼zwPZ iƒc e¨eüZ nq L Z™¢e, Aa©Zrmg, †`wk I we‡`wk k‡ãi e¨envi A‡cÿvK…Z †ewk M Zrmg k‡ãi cÖ‡qvM †ewk N me©bv‡gi mswÿß iƒc e¨eüZ nq 26. evsjv mvay fvlv ej‡Z eySvq- [wnmve iÿK (cwievi cwiKíbv Awa`ßi) cixÿv- 11] Q K mvay cyiæl‡`i e¨eüZ fvlv L Zrmg kãeûj fvlvi ixwZ M KweZv iPbv fvlv N ‡KvbwUB bq 27. mvayixwZ‡Z †Kvb c`wUi `xN©iƒc nq bv? [8g cÖfvlK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv- 12] R K we‡kl¨ L me©bvg M Ae¨q N wµqv 28. mvay I PwjZ ixwZ‡Z Awfbœiƒ‡c e¨eüZ nq- [7g †emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb cixÿv- 2011] P K Ae¨q L m‡¤^vab c` M me©bvg N wµqv 29. mvay fvlv †_‡K PwjZ fvlvq wjL‡Z †Kvb c`hyM‡ji cwieZ©b N‡U? [‡jevi Awdmvi (kÖg Awa`ßi) cixÿv- 94; `yb©xwZ `gb Kwgkb cwi`k©K cixÿv- 2013] P K me©bvg I wµqv L we‡kl¨ I we‡klY M we‡klY I wµqv N we‡kl¨ I me©bvg 30. wb‡Pi †Kvb evK¨wU PwjZ fvlvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq? [cÖkvmwbK Kg©KZ©v (ms ’̄vcb gš¿Yvjq) cixÿv- 07] R K Z™¢e I Aa©-Zrmg k‡ãi e¨envi A‡cÿvK…Z †ewk L me©bv‡gi c~Y©iƒc e¨envi Kiv nq bv M PwjZ fvlv K…wÎg I AcwieZ©bxq N bvU‡Ki msjvc I e³…Zvi Rb¨ PwjZ fvlv AZ¨šÍ Dc‡hvMx 31. fvlvi †gŠwjK ixwZ †KvbwU? [Rywbqi AwWUi (A_©gš¿Yvjq) cixÿv -11; mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (MYc~_©) cixÿv- 05] R K K_v ejvi bxwZ L ‡jLvi bxwZ M ejvi I †jLvi bxwZ N ‡KvbwUB bq 32. Ô‡Zvgv‡K †`‡L LyeB Lywk njvgÕ - GB evK¨wU †Kvb fvlvixwZ‡Z †jLv? [cwimsL¨vb A¨vwm÷¨v›U Rywbqi Awdmvi cixÿv- 14] Q K mvay L PwjZ M AvÂwjK N K_¨ 33. ‡Kvb evK ẅU PwjZ fvlvq †jLv? [A¨vwm‡÷›U g v̈‡bRvi (wc‡KGmGd) cixÿv- 14] R K ‡m KvR Kwiqv evwo wdiwQj L covi Zvnvi gb bvB M evev Zvi m¤úwË †Q‡j‡`i g‡a¨ fvM K‡i w`‡jb N GZw™¢bœ eû ’̄‡j Giƒc nBqv _v‡K 34. Ry‡Zv kãwU †Kvb fvlvixwZi? [‡emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb cixÿv- 14] Q K mvay L PwjZ M cÖvK…Z N ‡Kvj 35. wµqv, me©bvg I Abym‡M©i c~Y©iƒc e¨eüZ nq- [‡emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb cixÿv- 15] Q K PwjZ fvlvixwZ‡Z L mvay fvlvixwZ‡Z M mgvR Dcfvlvq N AvÂwjK Dcfvlvq 36. mvay I PwjZ ixwZ evsjv fvlvi †Kvbiƒ‡c we`¨gvb? [‡emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb cixÿv- 15] R K AvÂwjK L Dcfvlv M ‡jL¨ N K_¨ 37. Ô†h K_v GKevi Rwg‡q ejv wMqv‡Q, Zvnv †dbvBqv e¨vL¨v Kiv P‡j bv|Õ- PjwZ fvlvq G ev‡K¨ fz‡ji msL¨v KqwU? [wcGmwm KZ„©K 12wU cixÿv- 01] R K 2 L 3 M 4 N 5 38. ÔGK`v giY-mgy‡ ª̀i †ejvf‚wg‡Z `vuovBqv †Kvb GK Aviweq mvaK ewjqvwQ‡jbÕ- G evK¨vskwU †Kvb ixwZ‡Z wjwLZ? [mgvR †mev Awdmvi cixÿv- 2006] Q K PwjZ ixwZ L mvay ixwZ M wgkÖ ixwZ N we‡`wk ixwZ 39. ÔwZwb nvuwU‡Z nvuwU‡Z fvwe‡ZwQ‡jb, ïaygvÎ gbxlx-evK¨B †Zv Rxeb¥„Z hyemgv‡Ri Kj¨vY ewnqv Avwb‡Z h‡_ó b‡n|Õ- PwjZ ixwZ‡Z †jLv evK¨wU‡Z fz‡ji msL¨v- [mve †iwR÷ªvi cixÿv- 01] P K mvZ L bq M AvU N `k 40. ÔAZtci weåvšÍgy³ n‡q †ivMMÖ Í̄ wcZv cyÎ m¤^‡Ü hv Rvwb‡Zb meB Ly‡j ewj‡jb|Õ- mvay fvlvi evK¨wU‡Z fz‡ji msL¨v KqwU? [mve †iwR÷ªvi cixÿv- 2001] P K Pvi L cvuP M Qq N mvZ 41. Dcfvlv ‡KvbwU? [mgvR‡mev Awdmvi cixÿv- 06] R K mvwn‡Z¨i fvlv L cvV¨cy¯Í‡Ki fvlv M AÂj we‡k‡li gvby‡li gy‡Li K_v N ‡jL¨ fvlv 44. Dcgnv‡`‡ki cÖ_g QvcvLvbv †Kvb mv‡j ’̄vwcZ n‡qwQj? [mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (GjwRBwW) cixÿv-05] R K 1298 wLªóv‡ã L 1398 wLªóv‡ã M 1498 wLªóv‡ã N 1598 wLªóv‡ã wek^we`¨vjq fwZ© cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb evsjv fvlv 1. W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn&Õi g‡Z evsjv fvlv †Kvb cÖvK…Z iƒc †_‡K G‡m‡Q? (Xv.we:-ÔNÕ evwjZK…Z 2018-2019) R K gvMax L cÖvP¨ M ‡M․ox N ‡k․i‡mbx 2. fvlvi †gŠwjK Dcv`vb- (ivwe G: 18-19; B:we:-H 13-14; iv: we:-E 12-13) Q K eY© L aŸwb M kã N evK¨ 3. fvlv n‡jv- (ivwe we, AevwYR¨: 2018-2019) Q K D”Pvi‡Yi cÖZxK L fve cÖKv‡ki gva¨g M K‡Éi D”PviY N aŸwbi mgwó 4. wb‡Pi †Kvb e¨w³ PwjZ fvlvq †ÿ‡Î Abb¨ Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb? (Rv.we-K 2018-2019) R K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi L KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg M cÖg_ †P․ayix N Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi 5. W. gynv¤§` kwn ỳjøvni g‡Z †Kvb kZvãx‡Z evsjv fvlvi D‡b¥l N‡U? (Pwe: K 2017-18) Q K 6ô L 7g M 8g N 9g 6. •gw_wj I evsjvi wgkÖ‡Y †Kvb fvlvi m„wó-n‡q‡Q? (R.we-N 16-17) R K cÖvK…Z L †M․oxq M eªReywj N Acåsk 7. evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b evsjv fvlv‡K ivóªfvlv wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q- (iv: we:-we 2014-2015) R K cÖ_g Aby‡”Q‡` L wØZxq Aby‡”Q‡` M Z…Zxq Aby‡”Q‡` N PZz_© Aby‡”Q‡` 8. ÔAvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv w`emÕ-Gi Zvrch©- (iv: we:-ÔLÕ 14-15) Q K evsjv fvlvi gh©v`v mgybœZ Kiv L evsjv fvlvi AvšÍR©vwZK ¯̂xK…wZ M evsjv fvlv‡K ivó«fvlv wn‡m‡e cÖwZôv Kiv N nvwi‡q hvIqvi nvZ †_‡K ỳe©j fvlv‡K iÿv Kiv 9. evsjv‡`k miKvi Ôevsjv fvlv cÖPjb AvBbÕ cvm K‡i- (iv: we:-ÔLÕ 2014-2015)R K 1972 mv‡j L 1975 mv‡j M 1987 mv‡j N 1999 mv‡j 10. mvay fvlvq †Kvb k‡ãi cÖvavb¨ †ewk? (iv: we:-O 2014-2015) S K we‡`wk L †`wk M Z™¢e N Zrmg 11. wb‡b¥ †KvbwU mvayixwZi D`vniY? (Rv: we:-F 2014-2015) Q K nBj, Zviv L Zzjv, eb¨ M ï¼, gv_v N Zuviv, I‡K GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 10 NEXUS Publications 1. Zrmg kã: Zrmg GKwU cvwifvwlK kã| ÔZrÕ A_© Zvi Ges ÔmgÕ A_© gZ ev mgvb A_©vr Zvi gZ/Zvi mgvb A_©vr ms¯‥…‡Zi mgvb| Z‡e Zrmg kãwU Ôms¯‥…Z fvlvi k‡ãi gZÕ A‡_© e¨eüZ| myZivs, ms¯‥…Z fvlvi †h me kã evsjv fvlvq AweKjfv‡e e¨eüZ nq, †m me kãB Zrmg kã| †hgb: P›̀ ª, m~h©, bÿÎ, feb, ag©, cvÎ, gbyl¨, fzeb, cÎ, e„ÿ, `wa, eb¨, gyw³, ivR, Zvcm, Zvcmx, wmsn, gvbe, †Kki, cyÎ, ermi, erm, mšÍvb, † œ̄n, jeY, kixi, KY©, `Ð, wRnŸv, Pg©, Rb¥, A`¨, Kg©, KzšÍj, iY, hy×, ce©Z, RbK, Rbbx, wcZv, gvZv, åvZv, fwMbx, Rj`, Rj, bxi, Ac, wÿwZ, eg©, bi, bvix, †fvRb, Pe©Y, e ẅ³, `k©b, Aáiv, c_, ewYK, eªvþY, cÖkœ, w`K, AvMš‘K, eb, Kb¨v, f…Z¨, `my¨, f‚wg, `vm, ie, eRªvNvZ, cÖÁv, ‡ ª̄vZ, ¯§„wZ, ivwÎ, b`, b`x, MÖvg, el©v, ZiæYx, †b․Kv, Rvj, K…cY, Rxeb, RxweKv, n Í̄, cvÎ, kqb, ÿgv, ÿgZv, Ag„Z, Pÿz, cÙ, `xwÿZ, iwe, kkx, cÖ ‘̄Z, b„Z¨, Mgb, † œ̄n, kÖeY, kixi, mfv, k̂ïi, kÖx, kÖxgvb, ab, FY, ea~, cY, eÜz, mvMi, Rjwa, wmÜz, MMb, Xvj, A ¿̄, mgi, QvÎ, wkÿv, mÂq, AvMgb, wbM©gb, cÖ‡ek, cÖ ’̄vb, dwY BZ¨vw`| evsjv fvlvq cÖvq GK jÿ cuwPk nvRvi Zrmg kã Av‡Q| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz Zrmg kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj Rjevqy I b`x A‡j my›̀ i e„ÿjZv I cy®ú c‡`¨i feb M„n †̀ Lv hvq, †mLv‡b mKvj weKvj Abœ Lv‡`¨i ÿzavq, bi-bvixi Rxeb g„Z cÖvq n‡q P›̀ ª m~h© bÿÎi gZ Mgb K‡i, ZLwb gbyl¨, cvÎ-cyÎ ¯̂vgx Pg©Kvi I mgªvU Zv‡`i M„wnYx‡K •eòe mvwR‡q ag© Kg© K‡i gyw³ jv‡fi †Póv K‡i| Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. ÔP›`ªÕ †Kvb k‡ãi D`vniY? [cwi`k©K cixÿv- 13; Dc‡Rjv cjøx Dbœqb Kg©KZ©v cixÿv-12] K Zrmg L Z™¢e M ‡`wk N we‡`wk 02. †KvbwU Zrmg kã? [ewnivMgb I cvm‡cvU© Awa`߇ii mnKvix cwiPvjK 2014] K evRbv L †`vKvb`vi M gvbe N †eOvwP 03. ms ‹̄…Z kã ‡KvbwU Zv wb‡ ©̀k Kiæb| [Pxd BÝUªv±i (bb‡UK) cixÿv- 03] K Av¤§v L gv M gvZv N gvZ… 04. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU Zrmg kã? [_vKv wkÿv Awdmvi cixÿv- 04] K `wa L gywo M Avg N Kjg 05. ‡KvbwU Zrmg kã? [mnKvix cwiPvjK (Z_¨ gš¿Yvjq) cixÿv- 03] K P›`b L evwo M dzj N Kjg . DËi cÎ . 1. K 2. M 3. M 4. K 5. K 2. Aa©-Zrmg kã: evsjv fvlvq wKQz ms¯‥…Z kã wKwÂr cwiewZ©Z AvKv‡i e¨eüZ nq| G¸‡jv‡K e‡j Aa©-Zrmg kã| Zrmg gv‡b ms¯‥…Z| Avi Aa©-Zrmg gv‡b Avav ms¯‥…Z| D`nviY: Zrmg Aa©-Zrmg Zrmg Aa©-Zrmg ‡R¨vr œ̄v ‡RvQbv ‣eòe ‡evóg M„wnYx wMbœx KzrwmZ Kzw”QZ kÖvר ‡QivÏ P›`ª P›`i ‡i․`ª ‡ivÏyi gš¿ gšÍi Drm„ó Dw”Qó mKj m°j ivwÎ ivwËi e„wó wewó cÖvY civb wbgš¿Y ‡bgšÍbœ wekÖx wew”Qwi cÖZ¨q ‡cZ¨q wKQz wK”Qz m~h© myiæR wg_¨v wgQv/wg‡Q ÿzav wL‡` kÖx wQwi g‡nvrme ‡gv”Qe ¯^v` ‡mvqv` mZ¨ mwZ¨ Kvq¯’ Kv‡qZ wcË wcwË iZœ iZb ‣e`¨ ew`¨ wgÎ wgwËi hZœ hZb M„n¯’ ‡Mi ’̄ cy‡ivwnZ cyiæZ hÁ hwÁ K…ò ‡K‡óv N„Yv ‡Nbœv cÖYvg ‡cbœvg MvÎ MZi ùwUK dwUK Drmbœ D”Qbœ M`©f Mvav nsm nvum ewZ©Kv evwZ lÐ lvuo Kz¤¢Kvi Kzgvi QÎ QvZv Pg©Kvi Pvgvi Kg©Kvi Kvgvi ¯^Y© ‡mvbv hyw_Kx RyuB AÜKvi Avuavi ZviKv Zviv Pÿz ‡PvL c„ô wcV ‡j․n ‡jvnv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz Aa©-Zrmg kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj P›` I myiæR †evóg MÖv‡gi wgwËi evwo‡Z †bgšÍbœ †c‡q lvuo, nvum I Kjv †cbœvg Ki‡Z wM‡q †`Lj †K‡óv †R¨vQbv ivwˇi Kzw”QZ wMwbœi mv‡_ QvZvi wb‡P wcwiwZ K‡i cyiæZ †W‡K †QivÏ Ki‡Q| Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Aa©Zrmg kã? [mßg †emiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb cixÿv-11] K Kzw”QZ L feb M cvÎ N M„wnYx 02. evsjv fvlvi Aa©Zrmg k㸇jv †Kvb fvlv †_‡K G‡m‡Q? [Dc‡Rjv wbe©vPb Awdmvi cixÿv- 08] K ms¯‥…Z L dviwm M cZz©wMR N j¨vwUb 03. ÔwL‡`Õ †Kvb ai‡bi kã? [mgvR msMVK (kni mgvR‡mev) cixÿv- 07] K Zrmg L Aa©-Zrmg M ‡`kx N Z™¢e GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 11 NEXUS Publications evsjv‡`‡ki Avw`g Awaevmx Abvh©‡`i (‡hgb: †Kvj, gyÐv cÖf…wZ) fvlvi kã‡K †`wk kã bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq| 04. K…òÑGi Aa©ÑZrmg kã †KvbwU? [K…wl m¤úªmviY Awa`߇ii mnKvix K…wl Kg©KZv© 14] K cyÎ L †Kó M cyËi N weó 05. ÔwMbœxÕ †Kvb †kÖwYi kã? [Gm.Gm.wm: h.‡ev-11, 92, Kz.‡ev-92] K LuvwU evsjv L †`wk M we‡`wk N Aa©-Zrmg . DËi cÎ . 1. K 2. K 3. L 4. L 5. N 3. Z™¢e kã: Z™¢e kã cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh©fvlvi Avw` Í̄i •ew`K I ms¯‥…Z fvlvi weewZ©Z iƒc| ‡hme k‡ãi g~j ms¯‥…Z fvlvq cvIqv hvq, wKš‘ fvlvi ¯̂vfvweK weeZ©b avivq cÖvK…‡Zi gva¨‡g cwiewZ©Z n‡q AvaywbK evsjv fvlvq ’̄vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q, †mme kã‡K ejv nq Z™¢e kã| evsjv Z™¢e k‡ãi e¨envi me‡P‡q †ewk| W. Gbvgyj nK g‡b K‡ib †h, evsjv fvlvq e¨eüZ kZKiv 60 fvM kã Z™¢e kã hv •`bw›̀ b Rxe‡b e¨eüZ| Z™¢e GKwU cvwifvwlK kã, Gi A_© ÔZrÕ (Zvi) †_‡K ÔfeÕ (Drcbœ)| Z™¢e kã ‡̧jv‡K LvuwU evsjv kãI ejv nq| D`vniY: Zrmg cÖvK…Z Z™¢e n¯Í nÌ nvZ Pg©Kvi P¤§Avi Pvgvi AMÖ AM&M AvM NvZ NvA Nv ea~ eû eD f³ fË fvZ Aa© A`&a Ava g„wËKv wgwËAv gvwU K…ò Kvý Kvby/KvbvB `wa `vB `B åvšÍ fzjø fzj e¼ esK evuK cv` cvZv cv Af¨šÍi fxZi wfZi Pµ PKK PvKv Z° U¼v UvKv AÂj AsPj AvuPj eÿt eyK&L eyK cÆvjx ‡cuvUjx cyuUywj mšÍvi msZvi mvuZvi NÆ NU&U NvU f`ª fjø fvj A`¨ A¾ AvR Lv`¨ LR&R LvRv MvÎ MvAv Mv cvlvY cveb cvnvo grm¨ g”Q gvQ ZvZ Zv` `v`v cÎ cË cvZ NwUKv NwWAv Nwo evUx evox evwo mxZv mx_v wmuw_ P›`ª Pv›` Pvu` ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz Z™¢e kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj N‡i goK †j‡M ivLv‡ji evc-gv gviv †M‡j GwZg‡Q‡j nvjKv cvZjv Avgvwb cvšÍv, wPov †L‡q AvU †c․‡i QvZv, RyZv Avjbv Avwdg I †evZj nv‡Z wb‡q ISvcvovi Pvgvi Zvi †g‡q wkDwji evwo‡Z hvq, †mLv‡b †evbwSi we‡qi c‡i †Nvovi RU wb‡q N‡i wd‡i Av‡m| Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. †KvbwU Z™¢e k‡ãi D`vniY? [Gm.Gm.wm: h.†ev-2000, Kz.†ev-19] K Kg© L wMbœx M nvZ N B¯‥zj 02. Z™¢e-Gi A_© n‡jv- [cjøx Dbœqb I mgevq gvV Kg©KZ©v cixÿv- 13; mnKvix cwi`k©K (KjKviLvbv I cÖwZôvb) cixÿv- 05] K Zvi mgvb L Zvi †_‡K fvebv M Zvi †_‡K Drcbœ N Zvi fzeb 03. ‡Kvb kãwU Z™¢e bq? [mgvR‡mev Awdmvi c‡` cixÿv- 06] K †eI L `B M bvP N cy¯ÍK 04. ‡Kvb¸‡jv Z™¢e kã? [mnKvix cwiPvjK (wegvb I ch©Ub) cixÿv- 05] K AvKvk, evZvm, Pvu` L Ava, gvQ, Zvgv M Wve, eyK, †cU N jyw½, wjPz, cvZv 05. ‡KvbwU Z™¢e kã? [`yb©vwZ `gb ey¨‡ivi cwi`k©K c‡` cixÿv- 94] K dj L wfUv M b`x N Ajvey . DËi cÎ . 1. M 2. M 3. M 4. K 5. L 4. †`wk kã: evsjv‡`‡ki Avw`g Awaevmx Abvh©‡`i (‡hgb: †Kvj, gyÐv cÖf…wZ) fvlv I ms¯‥…wZi wKQz wKQz Dcv`vb evsjvq iwÿZ n‡q‡Q| Gme kã‡K †`wk kã bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq| A‡bK mgq Gme k‡ãi g~j wba©viY Kiv hvq bv; wKš‘ †Kvb fvlv †_‡K G‡m‡Q Zvi nw`m †g‡j| †hgb- Kzwo (wek)-†Kvjfvlv, †cU (D`i)-Zvwgj fvlv, Pzjv (Dbyb)-gyÐvix fvlv| Giƒc - RxeRš‘ I cïcvwLi bvg: ‡LuKwkqvj, eveyB, †bswU, nvuwo, †nvj, ûZzg BZ¨vẁ | NiM„n¯’vjx I cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbmc‡Îi bvg: Kzjv, ‡Pv½v, LvjyB, Pvwo, wPgUv, SvuUv, †XuwK, cvwZj, evLvwi, evZv, wePvwj, ̀ iRv, †muDwZ BZ v̈ẁ | gv‡Qi bvg: †Usov, ‡Pjv, †cvbv, evUv, MRvi, KvZjv BZ¨vw`| Ab¨vb¨ kã: MÄ, †Uvci, Wve, WvMi, †Xvj, Lo, jvwV, †NvgUv, wWw½, †cU, Kzwo, Kqjv, Lei, LywK, †Lvcv, †Lvuov, †Mvov, QvB, †Svj, Wvnv, Wuvmv, wXj, †XD, †Uvci, aywZ, †bov, gB BZ¨vw` AviI eû ‡`wk kã evsjv fvlvq e¨eüZ nq| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz †`wk kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj (1) myeY©jZv cvwZ‡j PvDj w`‡q ivbœvi Rb¨ `iRvq gB w`‡q jvD, ay›`yj, RjcvB I wbwm›`v cvZv cv‡i| Zvici cyKzi †_‡K †cvbv, MRvi, †Usov I KvZjv gvQ a‡i| ivbœvi mgq SuvUv I jvwV w`‡q ev`yo‡K wPgUv gv‡i I huvZv †`q| (2) myeY©jZv Kzwo UvKv w`‡q •K I wPswo gv‡Qi †Sv‡j †cU f‡i fvZ I evZvmv †L‡q aywZ c‡i Lo gv‡V hvq †Xvj evRv‡Z| †mLvb †_‡K †Uvc‡i K‡i wS‡O I _vbKzwb cvZv †Zv‡j GKwU †QvU †Pv½vIqvjv wWw½ †b․Kvq P‡o †XD‡qi Zv‡j M‡Ä hvq waw½ ‡g‡qi buvP †̀ L‡Z| MÄ †_‡K Wve, WvMi, †XuwK, wXj, Pzjv, Kzjv I Kqjv wK‡b evwo‡Z Av‡m| GUv wKš‘ Wvnv I Wvmv wg_¨v K_v| (3) †QvU LywK ‡bov gv_vi †NvgUv mwi‡q Pz‡j †Luvcv w`‡q †Luvov cv‡q †Mvov hvq| Z™¢e Gi A_© ÔZrÕ (Zvi) †_‡K ÔfeÕ (Drcbœ) A_©vr ms¯‹…Z †_‡K Drcbœ| Z™¢e k㸇jv‡K LvuwU evsjv kãI ejv nq| GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 12 NEXUS Publications Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. Abvh© RvwZi e¨eüZ kã‡K Kx kã e‡j? [Gm.Gm.wm: P.†ev-96; DcmnKvix cwiPvjK (mgvR‡mev Awa`ßi) cixÿv- 05] K †`wk kã L we‡`wk kã M Zrmg kã N evsjv kã 02. †KvbwU †`wk kã? [B: we:-2014-2015; Lv`¨ cwi`k©K/Dc-Lv`¨ cwi`k©K cixÿv- 11; 13Zg †emiKvwi cÖfvlK wbeÜb cixÿv- 16] K niZvj L Pvwn`v M PvKi N Kzjv 03. Pzjv †Kvb fvlvi kã? [Kywe:ÔO’ 2014-2015] K Zrmg L Aviwe M †`wk N dvmwm 04. ‡Kvb¸‡jv †`wk kã? [_vbv mnKvix wkÿv Awdmvi cixÿv-04] K n¯Í, g Í̄K L ‡LvKv, Pvucv M wMbœx, MZi N Pvu`, fvZ 05. ‡KvbwU †`wk kã? [mgvR msMVK (kni mgvR‡mev) cixÿv- 07; mnKvix cwi`k©K (KjKviLvbv I cÖwZôvb) cixÿv- 05] K †XuwK L KvMR M Avbvim N DwKj 06. we‡`wk kã bq -? [mnKvix KgvÛ¨v›U (evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q) cixÿv- 07] K mv`v L cvwb M iægvj N MÄ . DËi cÎ . 1. K 2. N 3. M 4. L 5. K 6. N 5. we‡`wk kã: ms¯‥…Z I †`wk Avh©‡`i fvlv‡Mvôxi evB‡ii (Aviwe, dvwm©, cZz©wMR, Pxb, Bs‡iwR cÖf„wZ) fvlv †_‡K AvMZ †h kã evsjvq e¨eüZ nq, †m me kãB we‡`wk kã| †hgb : AvBb, Av`vjZ, bvgvR, †ivhv, ¯‥zj, K‡jR cÖf„wZ| we‡`wk kã welqK Av‡jvPbv : 1204 wLª÷v‡ã gymjgvb KZ…©K e½weR‡qi ci †_‡K g~jZ evsjv fvlvq we‡`wk k‡ãi AvMgb ïiæ nq| Zvi c‡ii cuvP k eQ‡ii †ewk G †`‡ki ivóªxq ÿgZv gymjgvb‡`i nv‡Z wQj| †m mgq G †`‡ki ivRfvlv wQj dviwm| †m Kvi‡Y dviwm fvlvi cÖPzi kã evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q| Avevi dviwm fvlvi gva¨‡g wKQy Aviwe I ZzwK© kã evsjv fvlvq cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| cieZ©x mg‡q we‡`‡ki wewfbœ fvlv †_‡K AmsL¨ kã evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q| G we‡`wk fvlv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Av‡QÑAviwe, dviwm, Bs‡iwR, cZz©wMR, Ij›̀ vR, Rvcvwb, Pxbv, ZzwK©, Zvwgj, wZeŸwZ, †ciæ, divwm, heØxc, ewg©, ivwkqvb, wnw›̀ , cvÄvwe, gvivwV, A‡÷ªwjq, BZvjxq BZ v̈w`| Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. GK fvlvi kã Ab¨ fvlvq ’̄vb †c‡j Zv‡K Kx e‡j? [AwWUi (wmGbwR wW‡dÝ dvBb¨vÝ) cixÿv- 14] K cwifvlv L Dcfvlv M ms¯‥…Z fvlv N we‡`wk 02. KvMR, Kjg, †cwÝj- G¸‡jv †Kvb k‡ãi g‡a¨ c‡o? [cwimsL¨vb A¨vwm÷¨v›U Rywbqi Awdmvi cixÿv-14] K we‡`wk L ‡`wk M Zrmg N Z™¢e . DËi cÎ . 1. N 2. K K. Aviwe †_‡K AvMZ kã: AwQjv, ARynvZ, AvKei, Av‡°j, Av‡Li, AvRe, AvZi, Av`Z, Av`e-Kvq`v, Av`vjZ, Avwei, Avgj, Avgjv, AvgvbZ, Avwgb, Avwgi, Igiv, Av‡qk, Avik, Avj‡Ljøv, Avjer, Avjv`v, Av‡jvqvb, Avmeve, Avmj, Avmvgx, Avnv¤§K, BRviv, B¾Z, B`, BbwKjve, Bbvg, BwšÍKvj, BgviZ, Bk‡Znvi, Bkviv, Bmjvg, B Í̄dv, Bûw`, DwKj, DwRi, Dmyj, Gw³qvi, GRgvwj, GRjvm, GRvnvi, GjvKv, IKvjwZ, IRb, Iqvwmj, Iqv‡ Í̄, Iqvwik, K`g, K`i, Kei, †Kejv, Keyj, K‡q`, Kivi, Kjc, KjvB, Kmev, KmvB, Kmyi, KvIqvj, KvbvZ, Kvdb, Kvdix, Kv‡di, Kvgvj, KvwRg, Kvq`v, Kv‡qg, Kvwjqv, Kvwnj, wKw Í̄, Kz`iZ, KzgKzg, Kzjyc, †K”Qv, †KZve, †KivgwZ, †Kjøvd‡Z, •Kwdqr, †µvK, LZg, LwZqvb, Lei, LqivZ, Lwid, Lmov, LvRbv, LvwZi, Lvw`g, Lvc, LvgPv, Lvivc, LvwiR-`vwLj, Lvjmv, Lvwj, Lvmv, Lvwm, †LZve, †Lqvwj, †Ljvc, †LmviZ, †Lvjmv, †Lvjv, MRj, MoMov, Mi, Mwie, Mj`, Mvov, Mv‡qe, ZzuZv, †Mvmv, †Muvr, Qwe, Qv`, RIni, Rbve, Rni, Reve, RgRgvU, Rgv, Rgvbv, Rgv‡qZ, Rwic, Rwigvbv, Rjw`, Rjmv, Rjøv`, RvwjqvZ, RvnvR, Rvwni, wRwRqv, wRwbm, wR¤̂v, wRivZ, wRivd, Ryjyg, †Riv, †Rnv`Z, †R․jym, R¡vjvZb, ZIev, ZKivi, ZKwjd, ZMw`i, ZQiƒc, Z`viK, Z`wei, Zdkxj, ZdvZ, ZweqZ, Zvgvw`, Zid, ZR©gv, ZR©v, Zje, Znwej, ZvK, ZvKZ, ZvwM`, ZvwRqv, Zv¾e, Zvbcyiv, Zvgvg, Zvwgj, ZvwiL, Zvwid, ZvjvK, ZvwjKv, Zvwjg, ZvjyK, Zuv‡e, Zzdvb, ZzjKvjvg, •Zqvi, ‡Zvov, †Zvdv, †Zvqv°v, `Lj, `¾vj, `dv, `dv-idv, `wjj, `vIqvB, `vwLj, `vqiv, `vjvj, ùvI, ỳwbqv, †`bv, †`vqv, †`vqvZ, †`․o, †`․jZ, bKj, bKkv, bM`, bRi, bwRi, beve, bwme, bni, bvKvj, bvMv`v, bvwRi, bv‡qe, wbKvn, wbKvk, wbkv, byi, †bnvZ, dwKi, d°o, dZzi, d‡Z, d‡Zvqv, divk, d ©̀, dmKv, dmj, dvwRj, dvbym, dvq`v, djvI, duvK, wd, wdwKi, dzidzi, dzimZ, †divi, gRyZ, gwÄj, gÄyi, gZje, g``, gY, gwbe, gd¯̂j, gq`vb, gqbv, gwR©, gjg, gwjøK, gk¸j, gkjv, gkvj, gmwR`, gmb`, g¯‥iv, gnKzgv, gnov, gneŸZ, gnig, gnjøv, gnv‡dR, gnvj, gvZ, gvZeŸi, gv ª̀vmv, gvbv, gvd, gvwdK, gvgjv, gvgywj, gvidZ, gvj, gvjvevi, gvwjK, gvjyg, gvjøv, gvïj, gvmnviv, wgQwi, wgbwZ, wgbvi, wgki, gybwk, gyb‡md, gybvdv, gyiv`, gyiweŸ, g~jZwe, gyKzj, gyjøyK, gykwKj, gymwjg, gymvwdi, gymvwe`v, gyûwi, †gwK, †gRvR, †givgZ, †gnbZ, †gvKvÏgv, †gvKvwejv, †gv³vi, †gvZv‡eKg †gvZv‡qb, †gv›̀ v, †gvieŸv, †gvjv‡qg, †gvjøv, †gvmv‡ne, †gvÿg, †g․R, †g․ZvZ, †g․jwe, †g․mygx, iKg, iKg-mKg, i`-e`j, iß, idv, iwk, ivqZ, ivq, wicy, iæR, iæevB, †iIqvR, †ivqvK, j°v, jngv, jv‡LivR, jv‡qK, †jc, †jdvdv, †jey, †jvKmvb, kK, kqZvb, kieZ, kive, kwiK, kZ©, kkjv, kwn`, ïiæ, mB, mIqvj, mowK, m`I, mb, mb`, mc, mdi, meyi, mwjZv, mwnm, mvwKb, mvwK, mvd, mvey`, mv‡eK, mvjvg, mv‡nemyev, wmwK, wm›̀ yK, myjZvb, myjyK, †m‡id, †mvUv, nK, nRg, nÏ, nqivb, niKZ, nid, nvIqv, nvIjvZ, nvwKg, nvRZ, nvgjv, nvgvg, nw¤̂-Zw¤̂, nvqv, nvivg, nvj, nvjZ, Zvjwdj, nvjyqv, nvwmj, wnKgZ, wn¤§Z, wnmve-wbKvk, wnm v̈, ûKzg, û‡Kv, û¾Z, ûeû, ûi, ûwjqv, †ndvRZ, n v̈ejv BZ v̈w`| GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 15 NEXUS Publications O. Ab¨vb¨ fvlvi kã: (1) ¸RivwU kã: LÏi, niZvj, ZKwj, Miev BZ¨vw`| LÏi: PiKvq KvUv Kvc©vm myZvq cÖ ‘̄Z †gvU Kvco ÔLÏiÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ| LÏi kãwU G‡m‡Q ¸RivwU fvlv †_‡K| evsjv fvlvq LÏi ÔLvw`Õ bv‡gI cwiwPZ| niZvj: niZvj kãwU ¸RivwU fvlv †_‡K AvMZ| ¸RivwU fvlvq ÔniÕ A_© cÖ‡Z¨K Ges ÔZvjÕ A_© Zvjv| A_©vr ¸RivwU fvlvq niZvj A_© cÖ‡Z¨K N‡i Zvjv| evsjv‡`‡k we‡ÿvf cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ hvbevnb, nvU-evRvi, Awdm-Av`vjZ BZ¨vw` wbw ©̀ó mg‡qi Rb¨ eÜ Kiv‡K niZvj ejv nq| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz ¸RivwU kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj ¸RivwUi niZv‡ji mgq LÏi wewµ nq bv| (2) cvÄvwe kã: Pvwn`v, wkL, ZiKv, ¸iæ ỳqviv BZ¨vw`| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz cvÄvwe kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj cvÄveiv ZiKv w`‡q Pvwn`v Abyhvqx wkL •Zwi K‡i| (3) ZzwK© fvlv †_‡K AvMZ kã: DReyK, Dw`©, D`y©, KwÂ, Kév < KjMv < KjwM, KuvwP, Kvey Kziwbk, Kzwj, †Kvg©v, †KuvZKv, Luv, Lvb, †LvKv, PKgK, PvKz, wPK, †PvMv, SKgK, VvKzi, ZKgv, Zjøvk, ZKvjvk, ZzK© †Zvc, `v`v, bvbv, bvwb, evm, eveywP©, evnv`yi, †euvPKv, †eMg, gyP‡jKv, †gvMj, jvk, mIMvZ BZ¨vw`| `v‡ivMv: `v‡ivMv kãwU ZzK©x fvlvi kã| Gi evsjv cwifvlv n‡”Q _vbvi Aa¨ÿ| wKš‘ Ô`v‡ivMvÕ kãwUB evsjv fvlvq cÖPwjZ| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz ZzwK© kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj ‡gvNj Lvb evnv ỳ‡ii jvk Lyu‡R cvIqv hv‡”Q bv| GK Dw ©̀ civ †KvuZKv `v‡ivMv Kw nv‡Z jvk Zvjvk KiwQj| Zvjvk K‡i †m Lyu‡R †cj PvKz, KvuwP, hv PKgK SKgK Ki‡Q| wP‡Ki Avov‡j eveywP© Lvu mv‡n‡ei †LvKvi Rb¨ †Kvg©v ivbœv KiwQj| `v‡ivMv eveywP©‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡j †m ejj, Avcwb Avgvi `v`v, bvbv, VvKzi, evev jv‡Mb| jv‡ki mIMvZ Avwg wKQzB Rvwb bv| GLv‡b evm K‡i Pviæ, PvKi I Kzwjiv| Avcwb †Zvc †`b, Zviv Kvey n‡q me e‡j w`‡e| (4) wPbv kã: Pv, wPwb, GjvwP, mv¤úvb, wjPz, UvBdzb, †nvqvs‡nv, †cBwPs, bvbwPs BZ¨vw`| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz wPbv kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj mv¤úvbiv wjPz, jywP I Pv evbv‡Z wPwb e¨envi K‡i bv| (5) gvqvbgvi (eg©x) kã: dzw½, jyw½, NyNwb, wKqvs, AvivKvb, bvwà, Bqv½yb BZ¨vw`| dzw½: GwU GKwU eg©x (gvqvbgvi) kã| gvqvbgv‡ii †e․× mbœ v̈mx ev cy‡ivwnZ‡K dzw½ ejv nq| evsjv‡`‡ki cve©Z¨ A‡j GB kãwU e¨eüZ nq| jyw½: GB kãwUI eg©x fvlv †_‡K AvMZ| gvqvbgvi, evsjv‡`k, _vBj¨vÛ, kÖxj¼v cÖf…wZ †`‡ki cyiæ‡liv GB bv‡gi †cvkvK c‡i _v‡K| g~j eg©x kãwU n‡”Q Ô‡j․w½Õ| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz eg©x kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj evg©viv jyw½‡K dzw½ e‡j| (6) Rvcvwb: wi·v, nvwiwKwi, c¨v‡MvWv, mybvwg, ‡MBk, Ry-Ryr-my, Ry‡Wv, K¨viv‡U, nv¯œv‡nbv, wbàb, †UvwKI BZ¨vw`| wi·v: gvbyl Uvbv hvÎxevnx evnb n‡”Q wi·v| ïb‡Z Bs‡iwR g‡b n‡jI Ôwi·vÕ kãwU Rvcvwb| Rvcv‡bi Abyiƒc evnb ÔwRb& wiK&kvÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz Rvcvwb kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj my›`ix nvwiwKwi wi·vq P‡o K¨viv‡U, c¨v‡MvWv I mybvwg †`L‡Z †Mj| (7) †gw·Kvb kã: PK‡jU| (8) wmsnwj kã: wmWi, gnv‡mb, †ewi‡ewi BZ¨vw`| (9) wnw›` kã: cqjv, †̀ vmiv, †Zm&iv, †P․Vv, †P․ev”Pv, Vvni, wVKvbv, Kvwnbx, Iqvjv, Unj, ZMov, mvuUv, Dëv, ûwÛ, †Xi, wPwV, _vbv, †̀ qv, Pvjy, Pv‡gwj, dvjZz, cvwb, wdwi, RyZv, `v½v, cvVvb, Szwo, wRjvwc, Sv‡gjv, iæwU, mywR, Wvjcywi, ZiKvwi, Z‡jvqvi, †avjvB, fimv, cv‡Uvqvwi, jvÇz, †QvÆz, eo, j¤̂y, Avjvj, B Í̄K, KPzwi, Pvwn`v, SvÐv, †jvUv, Uzwc, Mw`, Pv‡`vqv, PveyK, Pvgov, QvwZ, RyZv, VvÐv BZ¨vw`| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz wnw›` kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj Pv‡gwj wgVvB †L‡q Kgjv i‡½i Rvgv ci‡j Zv‡K ev”Pvi gZ †`Lvw”Qj| Ggb mgq ZiKvwi Iqvjv wQbZvB Ki‡Z G‡j Pv‡gwj Zv‡K †Wiv K‡i cvwb‡Z †d‡j w`j| Unj cywjk evZ©v †c‡q Rjw` ai‡Z G‡j Zv‡`i dvjZz e‡j VvÐv †g‡i Pvwn`v gZ cywi LvIqvj| (10) gvivwV/gnvivóªxq kã: †Pw_, eM©x BZ¨vw`| (11) mvuIZvwj kã: †ev½v, nvuwoqv, K¤^j, †hv×v BZ¨vw`| (12) Zvwgj kã: PyiæU, Kjv, wfUv, Zvwgjbvoy, †PwÆ BZ¨vw`| (13) gyÐvwi kã: _wj, dg©v, gq~i BZ¨vw`| (14) `ªvweoxq kã: Avj‡Zv, †Svj BZ¨vw`| (15) wMÖK kã: `vL©‡g (Durkham)> `vg, †Mv‡bvm (Gonos)> †KvY, †K›Ui (Centor)> ‡K›̀ ª, myi½, ‡mgvB, myos, BDbvwb BZ¨vw`| (16) iæk kã: ej‡kwfK, g¯‥fv, †mvwf‡qZ, ¯úyUwbK BZ¨vw`| (17) BZvjxq kã: †ivg, g¨v‡R›Uv, gvwdqv BZ¨vw`| (18) wgmixq kã: wgmwi > wgQwi| (19) A‡÷ªwjqvb kã: ey‡givs, K¨v½viæ| (20) Rvg©vwb kã: dz¨ivi, bvrwm, wKÛviMv‡U©b| (21) wZeŸwZ kã: jvgv| (22) `wÿY Avwd«Kvb kã: †Reªv| (23) †ciæ kã: KzBbvBb| (24) gvjq kã: KvKvZzqv; wKwiP, ¸`v, mv¸ BZ¨vw`| (25) ‡¯úbxq kã: ‡W½y, ZvgvK| (26) ‡Zjy¸ kã: c¨v‡Ðj| Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. PK‡jU kãwU n‡jv- (Xvwe 99-00, Bwe L- 05-06) K divwm fvlvi L ‡gw·Kvb fvlvi M Bs‡iwR fvlvi N cZz©wMR fvlvi 02. ÔjvkÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q? (B: we:-L 14-2015) K ZzwK© L Aviwe M dvwm© N wnw›` 03. ÔKvQvwiÕ †Kvb †`wk kã? (P:we:-B 2013-2014) K Aviwe L dviwm M ZzwK© N Pxbv 04. ÔnvwiwKwiÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã? (P.we-K 2012-2013) K Rvcvwb L egx© M wnw›` N •PwbK 05. ÔwmWiÕ kãwU (Xvwe: N-2007-08) K Zvwgj L †Z‡j¸ M wmsnwj N gvjq 06. Rvcvwb k‡ãi D v̀niY †Kvb ‡̧jv? [_vbv mnKvix wkÿv Awdmvi cixÿv- 05] K wiKmv, nvwi‡Kb L niZb, iæBZb M PvKz, PvKi N ‡KvbwU bv GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 16 NEXUS Publications 07. Pv, wjPz, jywP †Kvb RvZxq kã? [miKvwi gva ẅgK mnKvix wkÿ cixÿv- 11] K evsjv L dvimx M cZz©MxR N ‣PwbK 08. ÔPvbvPziÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q? [KvwiMwi wkÿK (wkÿv gš¿Yvjq) cixÿv- 06] K Aviwe L Pxbv M wnw›` N D`y© 09. evsjv fvlvq e¨eüZ ÔcvwbÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K G‡m‡Q? [mv‡K©j GWRy‡U›U cixÿv- 04] K Aviwe L dviwm M ZzwK© N wnw›` 10. wb‡Pi †Kvb¸‡jv ¸RivwU kã? [mnKvix cwiPvjK (cvm‡cvU© GÛ Bwg‡MÖkb) cixÿv-03; wnmveiÿY Kg©KZ©v (WvK I †Uwj‡hvMv‡hvM) cixÿv-03] K wiKmv, nvwiwKwi L dzw½, jyw½ M PvKi, `v‡ivMv N L›`i, niZvj . DËi cÎ . 1. L 2. K 3. M 4. K 5. M 6. K 7. N 8. M 9. N 10. N wgkÖ kã: ‡Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mgq †`wk I we‡`wk k‡ãi wgj‡b kã‣ØZ m„wó n‡q _v‡K| †hgb- ivRv-ev̀ kv (Zrmg+dviwm), nvU-evRvi (evsjv+dviwm), ‡nW-‡g․jwf (Bs‡iwR+dviwm), ‡nW-cwÛZ (Bs‡iwR+Zrmg), wLª÷vã (Bs‡iwR+Zrmg), Wv³vi-Lvbv (Bs‡iwR+dviwm), c‡KU-gvi (Bs‡iwR+evsjv), ‡P․-nwÏ (dviwm+Aviwe), gv÷vi-gnvkq (Bs‡iwR+Zrmg), †e-UvBg (dviwm+Bs‡iwR) BZ v̈w`| Aviwe-dviwmi wgkªYRvZ we‡`wk kã: IqvwKenvj, Ii‡d, †KZv ỳišÍ, LqivZx, L‡qi Lvu, LvKe›̀ x, LvZv, †Lqvwj, Rgv`vi, Rjw`, ZvRgnj, Zv‡jei, Zvu‡e`vi, `wjj-` Í̄v‡eR, bevwe, †divwi, †d․R`vwi, †d․wR, eqbvgv, eiK›̀ vR, evqbvbvgv, evjvB, wejvwZ, gRyg`vi, gnv‡dRLvbv, gymwKj-Avmvb, †g‡nbwZ, jvPvi, ‡jdvdv- ỳi Í̄, kiewZ, †mKiv, mqjve, †mv‡jbvgv, nK`vi, nvDB, nIqvB, nvivgRv`v BZ v̈w`| dviwm-Aviwei wgkªYRvZ we‡`wk kã: AvenvIqv, AvR w̧e, Lvg‡Lqvj, KzPKvIqvR, Lyb-Lvivc, KzemyiZ, †Lv̀ vZvqvjvg, †Lvk‡gRvR, Miggkjv, Rei`Lj, ` Í̄LZ, `nig-gnig, bv‡Rnvj, bv-̀ vwe, bvevjK, bvivR, bvnK, wbgK-nvivg, †bK-bRi, cQ›̀ mB, e¾vZ, envj, evwRgvZ, evgvj, †eqvKze, †e-Kmyi, †e-duvm, †e-nÏ| ZzwK©-dviwmi wgkªYRvZ we‡`wk kã: PzMwj‡Lvi, ZziwK, †gvMjvB BZ¨w`| Aviwe-ZzwK©i wgkªYRvZ we‡`wk kã: LvRvwÂ| Aviwe-Pxbvi wgkªY RvZ we‡`wk kã: Keve-wPwb| DcmM©‡hv‡M wgkÖ kã: †e‡nW, †eZvj, †eUvBg, †eLei, †eKze, ‡ewgkvj BZ v̈ẁ | GQvov i‡q‡Q LwÐZ kã| †hgb: †Uwj‡dvb>‡dvb; gvB‡µv‡dvb>gvBK; †gvUievBK>evBK; Kgjv‡jey>Kgjv; PvjvNi>Pvjv; g¨vw·gvg>g v̈w·; wgwbgvg>wgwb| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz wgkÖ kã g‡b ivLvi ‡KŠkj Bs‡iR: Wv³vi wLª‡÷i c‡KU nvd †nW ZvBbv m¨vi? dviwm: AvB‡b ev`kv †gŠjfxi †PŠ evRvi Lvbv| Zrmg: ivRv cwЇZi Aã Rxex| evsjv: nvZv nvU gvi| Aviwe: †e nwÏ Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. ÔnvU-evRviÕ wgkÖ kãwUi Drm: [Rvwe: M-2007-08; mnKvix cwiPvjK (wegvb I ch©Ub) cixÿv- 05] K evsjv + dviwm L Aviwe + dviwm M Bs‡iwR + Aviwe N Zrmg + Aviwe 02. ÔkvKmewRÕ kãwU †Kvb ỳB‡qi wgjb? [Xv:we: L-03-04; ¯̂v ’̄¨ mnKvix cwiÿv- 10] K Zrmg+dviwm L Z™¢e+dviwm M cZz©wMR+Aviwe N †`wk+Aviwe| 03. c‡KUgvi kãwU †Kvb †kÖwYi? [Gm.Gm.wm. iv.†ev-04, Kz.†ev-06, e.†ev-12, w`.†ev-11; mve-‡iwR÷vi cixÿv- 12] K Zrmg L †`wk M we‡`wk N wgkÖ 04. ÔWv³vi eveyÕ †Kvb ‡kÖwYi kã? [cÖkvmwbK Kg©KZ©v (¯^ivóª gš¿Yvjq) cixÿv- 06] K wgkÖ L Z™¢e M Aa© Zrmg N ‡`wk 05. ÔwLª÷vãÕ k‡ãi †Kvb ỳB fvlvi wgkÖY N‡U‡Q? (Bwe:-L 2011-2012, Xvwe L 2009-2010) K Bs‡iwR + dviwm L cZz©wMR + evsjv M cZz©wMR + ms¯‥…Z N Bs‡iwR + ms¯‥…Z . DËi cÎ . 1. K 2. K 3. N 4. K 5. N cvwifvwlK kã: evsjv fvlvq cÖPwjZ we‡ ẁk k‡ãi fvevbyev`g~jK cÖwZkã‡K cvwifvwlK kã e‡j| Gi †ewkifvMB G Kv‡ji cÖ‡qvM| D`vniY: A¤øRvb- Oxygen; D`hvb-Hydrogen; bw_-File; cÖwkÿY- Training; e¨e¯’vcK-Manager; †eZvi-Radio; gnve¨e ’̄vcK- General manager; mwPe-Secretary; œ̄vZK-Graduate; ¯œvZ‡KvËi-Post graduate; mgvwß-Final; mvgwqKx-Periodical; mgxKiY-Equation; imvqb-Chemistry; gnvcwiPvjK-Director General; DcvPvh© - Vice Chancellor; cÖavbgš¿x-Prime Minister; ivóªcwZ- President BZ¨vw`| eûj cÖPwjZ wKQz kã G‡m‡Q gvby‡li bvg †_‡K| †hgb: cÖZ¨vL¨vb A‡_© Gm‡Q eqKU kãwU we‡kl ai‡bi GKwU wgwói bvg n‡q‡Q †jwW‡Kwb| ZvQvov wW‡Rj, m¨vÛDBP, UvUv BZ¨vw`| gyÐgvj kã: †Kvb evK v̈s‡ki ev c‡`i cÖ_g Aÿi ‡̧jv wb‡q MwVZ kã‡K ÔgyÐgvjÕ kã e‡j| †ewkifvM Bs‡iwR evK ̈ I c` wb‡q MwVZ GiKg wKQz AvšÍR©vwZK I †̀ wk kã i‡q‡Q| †hgb: UNO ev D‡bv (United Nations Organization), BD‡b‡¯‥v (UNESCO), BDwb‡md (UNICEF), wewewm (BBC) BZ v̈ẁ k㸇jv AvšÍR©vwZK †ÿ‡Î eûj cÖPwjZ| GiKgB, evsjv‡`‡ki wbR¯̂ wKQz ms̄ ’vi bvg nj: evmm (evsjv‡`k msev̀ ms̄ ’v), †Wmv (Dhaka Electric Supply Authority), ivRDK (ivRavbx Dbœqb KZ…©cÿ) BZ v̈w`| ÁvZe :̈ evsjv fvlvq kãm¤¢vi †̀ wk, we‡̀ wk, ms̄ ‥…Z- †h fvlv †_‡KB AvmyK bv †Kb, GLb Zv evsjv fvlvi wbR¯̂ m¤ú`| G ‡̧jv evsjv fvlvi m‡½ Ggbfv‡e wg‡k †M‡Q †h, evsjv †_‡K Avjv̀ v K‡i G‡̀ i K_v wPšÍv Kiv hvq bv| †hgb- †Uwj‡dvb, †UwjMÖvd, †iwWI, m v̈‡UjvBU BZ v̈ẁ cÖPwjZ k‡ãi KwVbZi evsjv cwifvlv m„wó wb®úÖ‡qvRb| Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©¨wËK 01. evsjv fvlvq cÖPwjZ we‡`wk k‡ãi fvevbyev`g~jK cÖwZkã‡K Kx e‡j? [Gm.Gm.wm: Xv.†ev-09, 07, iv.†ev-03, Kz.†ev-2000, e.†ev-08, 02] K AwcwbwnwZ L cvwifvwlK kã M i~wp kã N Zrmg kã 02. †KvbwU cvwifvwlK kã? [Gm.Gm.wm: Xv.†ev-05, Kz.†ev-01, wm.†ev-06, e.†ev-08, 02] K Bbmvb L †Uvci M wek¦we`¨vjq N Wv³viLvbv 03. †KvbwU cvwifvwlK kã? [Gm.Gm.wm: h.†ev-02, Kz.†ev-05] K gmwR` L nvmcvZvj M niZb N mgxKiY 04. cvwifvwlK kã †KvbwU? [cÖkvmwbK Kg©KZ©v (ciivóª I A_©) cixÿv- 01] K †gNvjq L wePvivjq M mwPevjq N wngvjq 05. wb‡Pi ‡KvbwU cvwifvwlK kã? [Aóg wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv- 12] K Uci L MvQ M evjwZ N gwš¿cwil` . DËi cÎ . 1. L 2. M 3. N 4. M 5. N GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 17 NEXUS Publications weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœmg~n wewmGm cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 01. ÔM©xRvÕ †Kvb fvlvi AšÍM©Z kã? [40 তম বিবসএস] Q K dviwm L cZzM©xR M Ij›`vR N cvÄvex 02. Ô‡RvQbvÕ †Kvb †kÖYxi kã? [40 তম বিবসএস] S K ‡h․wMK L Zrmg M ‡`wk N Aa©-Zrmg 03. Ôিািা' কোন ভাষা কেকে আগত শব্দ? [৩৮ তম বিবসএস; R:we:-L 2013-2014; †e:†iv:we:-B 2013-2014; Xvwe L-2006-2007] S K সংস্কৃত L বহবি M অহবময়া N তুবেি 04. 'বগবি' কোন কেবির শব্দ? [৩৮ তম বিবসএস; 12 Zg cÖfvlK wbeÜb 15; ‡emiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb cixÿv- 14; mßg †emiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb cixÿv- 11] S K কেবশ L বিকেবশ M তদ্ভি N অর্ ি-তৎসম 05. Ô†nW †gŠjfxÕ †Kvb †Kvb fvlvi kã †hv‡M MwVZ n‡q‡Q? [ 36Zg wewmGm] P K Bs‡iwR + dvwm© L Bs‡iwR + Aviwe M ZzwK© + Aviwe N Bs‡iwR + cZz©wMR 06. †KvbwU Bs‡iwR kã [32Zg wewmGm] S K g¨v‡R›Uv L wc Í̄j M Avjgvwi N Kgv 07. ÔDReyKÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q? [31Zg wewmGm; iv: we:-O 14-15] Q K dvwm© L ZzwK© M cZ©ywMR N Aviwe 08. wMÖK kã †KvbwU? [27Zg wewmGm; mnKvix ivR¯̂ Kg©gZv© 2015; Dc‡Rjv cjøx Dbœqb Kg©KZ©v cixÿv- 12; mnKvix cwiPvjK (ewnivMgb I cvm‡cvU© Awa`ßi) cixÿv-11] S K Zzdvb L jyw½ M Kzkb N `vg 09. †PŠ-nwÏ kãwU †Kvb fvlvi kã wg‡j n‡q‡Q? [26Zg wewmGm; mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (MYc~Z©) cixÿv- 05; Rv.we: 07-08; Gm.Gm.wm: wm. †ev-11, 02; P.†ev-09] R K evsjv + divwm L ms¯‥…Z + dviwm M dviwm + Aviwe N ms¯‥…Z+Aviwe 10. ‡Kvb kãwU dviwm? [26Zg wewmGm; we‡RGm (mnt RR) 2007] R K gymvwdi L ZKw`i M †c‡ikvb N gRjyg 11. `vßwiK †Kvb kãwU Bs‡iwR fvlv †_‡K AvMZ? [26Zg wewmGm] R K AvBb L `vwLj M G‡R›U N gyP‡jKv 12. ÔKuvwPÕ †Kvb ai‡bi kã? [24Zg wewmGm (evwZj)] S K Aviwe L dviwm M wnw›` N ZzwK© 13. Ô†eUvBgÕ kãwU MwVZ n‡q‡Q- [24Zg wewmGm (evwZj); ivwe: L-2007-08] P K dviwm I Bs‡iwR k‡ã L divwm I Bs‡iwR k‡ã M dviwm I divwm k‡ã N dviwm I wnw›` k‡ã 14. Ô†cqvivÕ †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ kã? [23Zg wewmGm (gyw³‡hv×v mšÍvb); SESDP _vbv gva¨wgK wkÿv Kg©KZ©v 2015; Xv.we-N 2018-19; P:we:-A 13-14; e: we:-M 12-13; Xv.we-M 2009-2010; Xv:we: L-2000-2001] R K wnw›` L D`y© M cZ©ywMR N wMÖK 15. ev‡K¨i ÿz`ªZg GKK †KvbwU? [18Zg wewmGm] P K kã L eY© M aŸwb N wPý 16. cZ©ywMR fvlv †_‡K wb‡gœv³ GKwU kã evsjv fvlvq AvËxKiY Kiv n‡q‡QÑ [17Zg wewmGm] R K †Uwej L †Pqvi M evjwZ N kieZ 17. ÔjvcvËvÕ k‡ãi ÔjvÕ DcmM©wU evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q- [17Zg wewmGm] P K Aviwe fvlv †_‡K L divwm fvlv †_‡K M wnw›` fvlv †_‡K N D`©y fvlv †_‡K 18. ÔAvbvimÕ Ges ÔPvweÕ kã ̀ ywU evsjv fvlv MÖnY K‡i‡QÑ [10g wewmGm] P K cZz©wMR fvlv n‡Z L Aviwe fvlv n‡Z M †`wk fvlv n‡Z N Ij›`vR fvlv n‡Z 19. ‡KvbwU Z™¢e kã? [10Zg wewmGm; mnKvix cwiPvjK (gv`K`ªe¨ wbqš¿b Awa`ßi) cixÿv- 99] P K Puv` L m~h© M bÿÎ N. MMb wewmGm cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb (wjwLZ) 01. wb‡Pi k㸇jvi DrmMZ cwiPq wjLzb: [35Zg wewmGm] wKw Í̄, cyjwU·, †Uvci, †mvnvM, cvco, fvZ| DËi: wKw Í̄: kãwUi Drm Aviwe I dviwm - `y‡UvB| Aviwe Abymv‡i kãwU G‡m‡Q ÔwK Í̄/wKkZ¤^ kã †_‡K, hvi A_© FY cwi‡kv‡ai Rb¨ cÖ‡`q UvKv| dviwm Abymv‡i kãwU G‡m‡Q ÔKvkZÕ kã †_‡K, hvi A_©- evwYR¨ ª̀e¨c~Y© †b․Kv| cyjwU·: Bs‡iwR 'Poultice' †_‡K G‡m‡Q, hvi evsjv A_©- ÿZ ev †Rvovi Dci †`Iqv cyiæ gjg ev gj‡gi Í̄iwe‡kl| ‡Uvci: †`kR kã| Z‡e kãwUi ey¨rcwË AbymÜvb Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h, kãwU ms¯‥…Z ‘̄c > ‡Uvài/cªvK…Z > ‡Uvci/evsjv n‡Z G‡m‡Q e‡j a‡i †bIqv hv| ‡mvnvM: kãwU ms¯‥…Z Ô‡m․fvM¨Õ †_‡K G‡m‡Q| Ô‡m․fvM¨Õ kãwUi cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨q: myfM + h (NT) = †m․fvM¨| cvco: ms¯‥…Z Ôcc©UÕ kã †_‡K G‡m‡Q, hvi A_© wewfbœ gkjvwgwkÖZ K‡i WvjevUv w`‡q •Zwi †Z‡jfvRv cvZjv gPg‡P iæwUwe‡kl| fvZ: kãwU ms¯‥…Z n‡Z AvMZ| kãwUi cÖK…wZ- cÖZ¨q wb¤œiƒc: fvZ + Z (³)| kãwUi A_© : Av‡jvwKZ, Øxß, D™¢vwmZ, PvDj wm× K‡i cÖ¯‘Z Kiv Lv`¨| wcGmwm I Ab¨vb¨ miKvwi cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Zrmg kã? [Zzjv Dbœqb Kg©KZ©v cixÿv- 97] S K Pvu` L ‡LvKv M KvV N mܨv 03. Zrmg kã †KvbwU? [mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (GjwRBwW) cixÿv- 05 ] P K P›`ª L P›`i M nvZ N AvBb 04. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Zrmg kã? [6ô wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv- 10] Q K Pvu` L feb M evjwZ N niZvj 05. Ôay¤ªÕ kãwU wb‡Pi †Kvb †kÖwYfz³? [evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q Dc mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx cixÿv-13] S K Aa© Zrmg L ‡`wk M Z™¢e N Zrmg GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 20 NEXUS Publications 46. Ôwnw›`Õ kãwU g~jZ (Xv:we:-N 2013-2014) R K ms¯‥…Z L D`y© M dviwm N ¸RivwU 47. ÔniZvjÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã? [R:we:-K 2013-2014; iv:we:-E 2013-2014; B:we:- B 2013-2014; Rv:we:-IBA 12-2013; ivwe 06-07; Pwe 2005-2006; Bwe 2005-2006; Gm.Gm.wm. Xv.†ev-07, iv.†ev-07, Kz.†ev-07] S K †Z‡j¸ L dviwm M ms¯‥…Z N ¸RivwU 48. Ôgwm©qvÕ †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ kã? (P:we:- wm1 2013-2014; iv: we:-A 2012-2013) P K Aviwe L dviwm M divwm (N) wnw›` (O) Pxbv 49. Ôm‡d`Õ k‡ãi A_© I fvlv-Drm- (e:we:-M 2013-2014) Q K ¯^”Q; Aviwe L mv`v; dviwm M ïå; ZzwK© N m~uPv‡jv; ewg© 50. Avbvim: MxR©v :: ZziæcÓ ----? (wÎ:we:-E 2013-2014) R K Pvwe L wW‡cv M B¯‥vcb N dzw½ 51. Ô†cvjvIÕ kãwUÑ (wÎ:we:-E 2013-2014; Xv:we: N-1999-2000) P K dviwm L ms¯‥…Z M evsjv N Aviwe 52. †KvbwU †`wk kã? (Kz:we:-A 2013-2014) P K Kzjv L cyiæl M KvR N gvgjv 53. ÔWvMiÕ kãwU Kx ai‡bi kã? (iv:we:-E 2013-2014) P K †`wk L we‡`wk M Zrmg N Z™¢e 54. †KvbwU wgkÖ ev msKi k‡ãi D`vniY? (P.we-K 2012-2013) Q K ev`kv-†eMg L †nW-†g․jfx M P› ª̀-m~h© N PvKi-evKi (O) Avivg-Av‡qk 55. †KvbwU †`wk kã? (P.we-L-(8) 2012-2013; P.we-L 2011-2012) R K kieZ L Zxi M †XuwK N e›`yK (O) †cu‡c 56. ÔPvÕ †Kvb †`wk kã? (P. we-wW 2012-2013) P K Pxb L Rvcvb M †P‡Kv‡ ø̄vfvwKqv N cZz©Mvj 57. Ô†i‡bmuvmÕ †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ kã? (P. we-wW 12-2013) Q K dviwm L divwm M cZz©wMR N Bs‡iwR 58. †KvbwU Rvcvwb fvlvi kã bq? (Rv: we:-M 2012-2013) R K wi·v L nvmbv‡nbv M Pv‡gwj N Ry‡Wv 59. ÔKzwb©kÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã? (RvZx: we:-M 12-13; e: we:-M 12-13) R K dviwm L Aviwe M ZzwK© N wnw›` 60. ‡KvbwU wnw›` kã? (Xv.we-M 2011-2012; ivwe: L-2007-08) R K AveŸy L Kjg M cvwb N †g․myg (O) †Rbvbv 61. †KvbwU ksKi kã? (R.we-L 2011-2012) Q K mvsevw`K L dzj`vwb M msµgY N Z…Y‡ÿÎ 62. ÔgvgjvÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ? (P.we-K 11-2012) P K Aviwe L dviwm M D`y© N wnw›` N cZz©wMR 63. Ô†KvievwbÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã? (P.we-L 2011-2012) P K Aviwe L dviwm M wnw›` N evsjv 64. ÔGRjvmÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ? (P.we-M 11-2012) P K Aviwe L dviwm M wnw›` N D`y© (O) divwm 65. Ô†ZRviZÕ kãwU- (R.we-L 2009-2010) S K dviwm L ZzwK© M cZz©wMR N Aviwe 66. ÔAvOziÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ? (RvZx.we-L 09-10) P K dviwm L Aviwe M wnw›` N cZy©wMR 67. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †RvoKjg k‡ãi D`vniY? (Xvwe: K-07-08) P K †auvqvkv L †auvqv‡U M Kzqvkv N DËgvkv 68. ‡KvbwU msKi kã? (Xvwe: L-2007-08) Q K ¸iægkvB L KvwjKjg M mܨvcÖ`xc N Av`e-Kvq`v 69. h_vµ‡g dviwm I Zrmg kã (Xvwe: N-2007-08) P K †mZviv, kkx L †Lqvj, `wiqv M ke©ix, gymvwdi N †ivbvRvwi, †muvZv 70. Drm Abymv‡i Ô†nW-cwÐZÕ †Kvb †kÖwYi kã? (Xvwe: 07-08) R K Zrmg L Z™¢e M wgkÖ N we‡`wk 71. Ô‡evZvg, evjwZ, MvgjvÕ- G¸‡jv †Kvb fvlv †_‡K evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q? (Pwe: M-2007-08) S K Ij›`vR L Rvcvwb M divwm N cZz©wMR (O) wMÖK 72. Ôeviæ`Õ kãwU (Rwe-K- 2007-08) P K ZzwK© L Aviwe M dviwm N divwm 73. ÔivRv-ev`kvÕ wgkÖ kãwUi Drm: (Rvwe: M-2007-08) Q K dviwm+Aviwe L Zrmg + dviwm M evsjv + dviwm N Aviwe + dviwm 74. ÔmeyiÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã? (Rwe M-2006-2007) P K Aviwe L D`y© M ZzwK© N dviwm 75. digvb kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K evsjvq G‡m‡Q? (Pwe M-06-07) Q K Aviwe L dviwm M divwm N wnw›` (O) D ỳ© 76. ‡KvbwU cZz©wMR kã? (Pwe N-2006-2007) R K cZvKv L MR©b M Zvjv N c¨v›U (O) cvwb 77. ‡KvbwU wnw›` kã? (Pwe N-2005-2006) .O. K cZvKv L MR©b M Zvjv N c¨v›U (O) cvwb 78. ‡Kvb kãwU ms¯‹…Z-dviwmi wgkÖY? (ivwe 2006-2007) P K nvwmLywk L nvwmgyL M nvwmVvÆv N nvwmZvgvkv 79. AvuZvZ, kãwU (Xv:we: N-2004-2005) R K Bs‡iwR L dviwm M divwm N ¯ú¨vwbk 80. Kzwo †Kvb RvZxq kã? (Xvwe 99-00, Bt wet P-04-05; Rv: we: 03-04) R K Zrmg L Z™¢e M †`wk N we‡`wk 81. ‡KvbUv †`wk kã? (Bt wet Q-2004-2005) Q K Pvgvi L †cU M gbyl¨ N †evZj 82. ÔVvÛvÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q?(Xv:we: K-03-04) P K wnw›` L D`©y M dviwm N ms¯‥…Z 83. Ô`vjvjÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q? (Xv:we: N-2003-2004) S K Bs‡iwR L D`y© M wnw›` N Aviwe 84. ÔgymvwdiÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã? (Xv:we: O-2003-2004) P K Aviwe L dviwm M wnw›` N ZzwK©| GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 21 NEXUS Publications 85. Ô†MivgÕ-‡Kvb RvZxq kã? (P: we: O-2003-2004) P K Aa©-Zrmg L Z™¢e M †`wk N Zrmg 86. ÔKvgvbÕ †Kvb †`wk kã? (PÆMÖvg wet K-2003-2004) P K dviwm L cZz©wMR M divwm N Aviwe 87. ÔPvweKvwVÕ kãwU Kxiƒc kã? (Xv:we: L-2000-2001) S K †`wk L we‡`wk M ms¯‥…Z N wgkÖ| 88. ÔwhïÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K G‡m‡Q? (Xv:we: K-00-01) Q K ms¯‥…Z L cZz©wMR M ZzwK© N wMÖK| Gm.Gm.wm †evW© cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 01. †KvbwU Aa©-Zrmg k‡ãi D`vniY? [Xv.‡ev-11, P.‡ev-02] S K m~h© L mybvg M Revb N †R¨vQbv 02. ms¯‹…Z fvlv †_‡K AvMZ AcwieZ©bxq kãmg~‡ni bvg Kx? [h.†ev-11, P.†ev-08] P K Zrmg kã L Z™¢e kã M †`wk kã N we‡`wk kã 03. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Zrmg kã? [iv.†ev-2000, 96, e.†ev-07] P K P›`ª/ag© L wMbœx M wW½v N Cgvb 04. Zrmg kã †KvbwU? [iv.†ev-94, h.†ev-92, Kz. †ev-99, 93, e.†ev-07] R K Pv L †Pqvi M ag© N Kvb 05. ÔP›`ªÕ †Kvb k‡ãi D`vniY? [h.†ev-06] P K Zrmg L Z™¢e M †`wk N we‡`wk 06. Zrmg kã †KvbwU? [mKj †ev-98, Kz.‡ev-2000, P.‡ev-06] Q K •eòe/Puv` L bÿÎ/P› ª̀ M Cgvb N Pvgvi 07. †KvbwU Z™¢e k‡ãi D`vniY? [h.†ev-2000, Kz.†ev-99] R K Kg© L wMbœx M Kvbœv N B¯‥zj 08. wb‡Pi †KvbwU LuvwU evsjv kã? [iv.†ev-06, Kz.†ev-08, e.†ev-01] S K †R¨vQbv L Pvgvi M PvKz N †XuwK 09. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Aviwe kã? [iv.†ev-96] S K bvgvh L †ivhv M †Lv`v N n¾¡ 10. †KvbwU cÖkvmwbK kã? [P.†ev-07] P K bvwjk L bgybv M K‡jR N ißvwb 11. †KvbwU ag©msµvšÍ dviwm kã? [Xv.†ev-06, 02, wm.†ev-07] Q K KziAvb L †ivhv/hvKvZ M bvwjk N C` 12. †Kvb fvlvq AvMZ dviwm k㸇jv cÖavbZ Kqfv‡M wef³? [iv.†ev-02] Q K `yB L wZb M Pvi N cuvP 13. nvmcvZvj †Kvb fvlvi kã? [e.†ev-03] P K Bs‡iwR L dviwm M ZzwK© N cZz©wMR 14. nvmcvZvj †Kvb †kÖwYi kã? [P.†ev-2000, e.†ev-03] Q K LuvwU D”Pvi‡Yi Bs‡iwR kã L cwiewZ©Z D”Pvi‡Yi Bs‡iwR kã M cvwifvwlK kã N cZz©wMR kã 15. wb‡Pi †Kvb¸‡jv cZz©wMR kã? [wm.†ev-04] P K Avjgvwi, ¸`vg L Pvwn`v, wkL M Pvj,wPwb N Kzcb, wW‡cv 16. divwm kã †KvbwU? [Xv.†ev-2000, wm.†ev-10] S K niZvj L cvw`ª M †Zvc N Kzcb 17. KvZy©R †Kvb fvlvi kã? [iv.†ev-03; Kviv ZË¡veavqK (¯^ivóª gš¿Yvjq) cixÿv-13] S K Bs‡iwR L Rvcvwb M Ij›`vR N divwm 18. ¸RivwU k‡ãi D`vniY †KvbwU? [h.†ev-06, e.†ev-11, w`.†ev-09] P K niZvj L jyw½ M wi·v N PvKz 19. wb‡Pi †KvbwU gyÐvix fvlvi kã? [Xv.†ev-10] Q K PvKz L Pzjv M wPwb N PvKi 20. Pvwn`v †Kvb fvlvi kã? [wm.†ev-03, P.†ev-10] R K cZy©wMR L wPbv M cvÄvwe N ZzwK© 21. †KvbwU ZzwK© fvlvi kã? [Kz.†ev-09] R K wi·v L Pvwn`v M `v‡ivMv N LÏi 22. AvRKvjKvi wPwb‡Z wgwó KgÑÔwPwbÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ? [wm.†ev-12] Q K Rvcvwb L wPbv M gvqvbgvi N dviwm 23. †KvbwU wgkÖ kã? [Xv.†ev-12, 08, 06, 2000, h.†ev-96] Q K ev`kv-†eMg L †nW-†g․jfx M P› ª̀-m~h© N PvKi-evKi 24. †KvbwU wgkÖ kã? [mKj-98, Xv.†ev-04, 06, 08, 12, Kz.†ev-2000, P.†ev-2000, 02, e.†ev-03, h.‡ev- 09] R K bvgvh-†ivhv L Pv-wPwb M nvU-evRvi N †KZve-Kjg 25. ivRv-ev`kv (Zrmg+dviwm)Ñ [Kz.†ev-02 ] S K dviwm L Bs‡iwR M Aviwe N wgkÖ 26. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wgkÖ kã? [e.†ev-11] S K Avjwcb L gv÷vi M Rv‡bvqvi N wLª÷vã 27. †KvbwU cvwifvwlK kã? [iv.†ev-12, 99, h.†ev-12, 02, Kz.†ev-10] P K we`¨vjq/mgxKiY L K‡jR M ¯‥zj N Bbw÷wUDU 28. mwPe †Kvb ai‡bi kã? [wm.†ev-12] P K cvwifvwlK L wgkÖ M Z™¢e N Zrmg 29. †KvbwU cvwifvwlK kã bq? [e.†ev-11] P K ¯‥zj L ePb M mgvwß N Zrmg 30. evjwZ †Kvb fvlvi kã? [w`.†ev-01] Q K divwm L cZz©wMR M ¸RivwU N Ij›`vR 31. Ôc‡KUgviÕ kãwU †Kvb †kÖwYi? [w`.†ev-11, iv.†ev-04, Kz.†ev-06] S K Zrmg L †`wk M we‡`wk N wgkÖ 32. Drm ev DrcwË Abymv‡i evsjv fvlvi kãmg~n‡K KqwU cÖavb fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq? [Xv.†ev-09, h.†ev-10, 03, Kz.†ev-09, P.†ev-2000, wm.†ev-12, e.†ev- 17, w`.†ev-09] R K wZbwU L PviwU M cuvPwU N QqwU GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 22 NEXUS Publications e¨vKiY Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q` e¨vKiY kãwU ms¯‥…Z kã| e¨vKiY (= we + Av+ K… + Ab) kãwUi eyrcwËMZ A_© we‡klfv‡e we‡kølY| msÁv: †h kv‡¯¿ †Kvb fvlvi wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi cÖK…wZ I ¯^iƒ‡ci wePvi- we‡kølY Kiv nq Ges wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi m¤úK© wbY©q I cÖ‡qvMwewa wek`fv‡e Av‡jvwPZ nq, Zv‡K e¨vKiY e‡j| A_©vr †Kvb fvlvi Af¨šÍixY wbqgixwZB †mB fvlvi e¨vKiY wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ| e¨vKiY‡K ejv hvq fvlvi msweavb| e¨vKiY cv‡Vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv: e¨vKiY cvV K‡i fvlvi wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi MVb cÖK…wZ I †mm‡ei myôz e¨enviwewa m¤ú‡K© Ávb jvf Kiv hvq Ges †jLvq I K_vq fvlv cÖ‡qv‡Mi mgq ï×vïw× wba©viY mnR nq| †h kv‡¯¿ evsjv fvlvi wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi MVbcÖK…wZ I ¯̂iƒc we‡køwlZ nq Ges G‡`i m¤úK© I myôz cÖ‡qvMwewa Av‡jvwPZ nq, ZvB evsjv e¨vKiY| evsjv e¨vKiY iPbvi BwZnvm evsjv e¨vKiY iPbvi BwZnvm 250 eQ‡iiI †ewk| e¨vKi‡Yi DrcwË I µgweKvkKvj ej‡Z †M‡j ms¯‥…Z e¨vKi‡Yi avivwU 2500 eQ‡ii A_©vr cvwYwb †_‡K we`¨vmvMi Avi evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi avivwU 250 eQ‡ii A_©vr g‡bvGj-`¨v-Avmmy¤úmvuI †_‡K W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq, W. gyn¤§` kwn`yjøvn I W. myKzgvi †mb ch©šÍ| evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g e¨vKiY iwPZ nq BD‡ivcxq‡`i nvZ a‡i| we‡`wkiv bvbv cÖ‡qvR‡b fviZe‡l©i AvÂwjK fvlvmg~n wkL‡Z Ges mnMvgx‡`i †kLv‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQj| d‡j Zvu‡`i cÖ‡qvRbB evsjvmn Ab¨vb¨ cÖv‡`wkK fvlvi e¨vKiY iPbvq Zvu‡`i‡K DrmvwnZ K‡iwQj| cwÐZ Ck̂iP› ª̀ we`¨vmvMi iwPZ Ôe¨vKiY †KŠgy`xÕ‡Z Ôwm×všÍ‡KŠgy`xÕ I Ôgy»‡evaÕ BZ¨vw` e¨vKi‡Yi cÖfve jÿ Kiv hvq| Ôe¨vKiY †KŠgy`xÕ‡Z evsjv e¨vL¨v ms‡hvwRZ nIqvq Ges kã I avZziƒc BZ¨vw`i web¨vm I Av‡jvPbv e¨vcK _vKvq e¨vKiY PP©vi †ÿ‡Î Zv mnRZi nq| kã I wµqviƒ‡ci web¨vm, mwÜ, mgvm, avZzi wefvM BZ¨vw` eû wel‡qi Rb¨ eZ©gvb evsjv e¨vKiY Ck̂iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi iwPZ Ôe¨vKiY †KŠgy`xÕi Kv‡Q FYx n‡q Av‡Q|  evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi cÖ_g MÖš’ (cZz©wMR fvlvq)- ''Vocabulario em Indioma Bengalla'e Portuguez Dividido em duas partes''. (iPwqZv)- g‡bvGj `¨v Avmmy¤úmvuI, 1743 wLª÷v‡ã cÖKvwkZ nq wjmeb _v‡K)| g‡bvGj `¨v Avmy¤úmvuI iwPZ MÖš’wU g~jZ- GKwU Awfavb, hv‡Z cyZ©wMR †_‡K evsjv Ges evsjv †_‡K cZz©wMR kã Abyev` Kiv n‡q‡Q|  evsjv fvlvi wØZxq e v̈KiY MÖš’- 'A Grammar of the Bengali Language' (iwPqZv- b v̈_vwb‡qj eªvwm n v̈j‡nW, cÖKvwkZ nq 1778 wLª÷v‡ã|) b v̈_vwb‡qj eªvwm n v̈j‡n‡Wi e¨vKiY MÖš’wU g~jZ- Bs‡iwR‡Z gyw ª̀Z, Z‡e Askwe‡kl Pvj©m DBjwK‡Ýi ûMwji gy ª̀Yhš¿ †_‡K evsjvq gyw ª̀Z nq|  evsjv fvlvi Z…Zxq e v̈KiY MÖš’ wn‡m‡e 1801 mv‡j DBwjqvg †Kwi iPbv K‡ib- 'A Grammar of the Bengali Language' (Bs‡iwR fvlvq)|  ‡nwj‡ewii ZrKvjxb B÷ BwÛqv K‡j‡Ri ms¯‥…Z I evsjvi Aa¨vcK wR wm nUb (Graves Chamney Haughton) jÛb †_‡K 1821 mv‡j cÖKvk K‡ib Rudiments of Bengali Grammar (1821). g~jZ †nwj‡ewi K‡j‡Ri evsjv fvlvi wkÿv_©x‡`i Rb¨ nUb Zvui e¨vKiY MÖš’wU iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb| evsjv‡`‡k †`wk we‡`wk •eqvKiYMY †h ai‡bi e¨vKiY iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb, †m¸‡jvi welqe ‘̄‡K cwieZ©b I cwiea©b K‡i nUb Zvui e¨vKiY MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib|  h_v_© fvlvZvwË¡K c×wZ‡Z cÖ_g evsjv e v̈KiY iPbv K‡ib †ifv‡iÛ WweøD B‡qUm (Rev.W.Yeates)| Zvui e¨vKiYwUi bvg Introduction of the Bengali Language (1847). B‡qU‡mi e v̈KiYwU ỳwU L‡Û cwiKwíZ; cÖ_g L‡Ð Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q evsjv e¨vKiY Ges wØZxq L‡Û msKwjZ n‡q‡Q evOvwj Kwe‡`i KweZv I mvgwqK mvwn‡Z¨i Askwe‡kl|  ‡ifv‡iÛ †R Kx_ (Rev.J.Keith) iwPZ 'A Grammar of the Bengali Language' MÖ‡š’ QvÎwkÿK‡`i e¨vKiY m¤úwK©Z mvaviY welq¸‡jv cÖ‡kœvËi AvKv‡i mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q| G‡Z e¨vKi‡Yi LyuwUbvwU welq¸‡jv AšÍfz©³ nqwb|  Rb iweÝ iwPZ 'A Grammar of the Bengali Language to which adapted a list of Dhatoos' MÖš’wU KjKvZvi kÖxivgcyi wgkb †_‡K 1846 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq|  1891 mv‡j Rb exgm iPbv K‡ib ''Grammar of the Bengali Literary and Colloquial'' bvgK e¨vKiY MÖš’| Rb exgm wQ‡jb GKRb fvlvZvwË¡K| G MÖ‡š’ mgKvjxb evsjv fvlvi iƒc we‡køwlZ n‡q‡Q| MÖš’wU jÛb †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq|  evOvwj KZ…©K evsjv fvlvq e¨vKiY iPbvi cÖ_g cÖ‡Póv cwijwÿZ nq ivavKvšÍ †`‡ei Ôev½vjv wkÿvMÖ‡š’Õ (wØZxq ms¯‥iY 1821)| GwU c~Y©v½ e¨vKiY MÖš’ bq, evsjv aŸwbZË¡ I iƒcZË¡ mswÿßfv‡e ms¯‥…Z e¨vKi‡Yi wbqgvbyhvqx cybwe©b¨¯Í K‡i Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| evsjv e¨vKiY I Gi Av‡jvP¨ welq evsjv e¨vKiY GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 25 NEXUS Publications (L) kã ev iƒcZË¡ : GK ev GKvwaK aŸwbi A_©‡evaK mw¤§j‡b kã •Zwi nq, k‡ãi ÿz`ªvsk‡K ejv nq iƒc (morpheme) | iƒc MVb K‡i kã| †mB Rb¨ kãZË¡‡K iƒcZË¡ (Morphology) ejv nq| k‡ãi cÖKvi, kã MVb, kãiƒc, k‡ãi ey¨rcwË, c‡`i cwiPq, DcmM©, cÖZ¨q, c`vwkÖZ wb‡`©kK, wØiæ³ kã, wefw³, wj½, ePb, avZz, KviK, mgvm, wµqv-cÖKiY,wµqvi Kvj, wµqvi fve, AbymM© BZ¨vw` welq iƒcZ‡Ë¡ Av‡jvwPZ n‡q _v‡K| (M) evK¨ZË¡ ev c`µg: gvby‡li evK&cÖZ¨½RvZ aŸwb mgš̂‡q MwVZ kãmn‡hv‡M m„ó A_©‡evaK evK cÖev‡ni we‡kl we‡kl Ask‡K ejv nq evK¨ (Sentence)| evK¨, ev‡K¨i Ask, ev‡K¨i cÖKvi, evK¨ we‡kølY, ev‡K¨i mwVK MVbcÖYvjx, evK¨ cwieZ©b, wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi evK¨ ms‡hvRb, evK¨ we‡qvRb, G‡`i mv_©K e¨envi‡hvM¨Zv, ev‡K¨i g‡a¨ kã ev c‡`i ’̄vb ev µg, c‡`i iƒc cwieZ©b, evMaviv, evK¨ ms‡KvPb, hwZ‡”Q` ev weivgwPý cÖf…wZ welq evK¨Z‡Ë¡ Av‡jvwPZ nq| ev‡K¨i g‡a¨ †Kvb c‡`i ci †Kvb c` e‡m, †Kvb c‡`i ’̄vb †Kv_vq evK¨Z‡Ë¡ Gm‡ei c~Y© we‡kølY _v‡K| evK¨ZË¡‡K c`µgI ejv nq| (N) A_©ZË¡: k‡ãi A_©wePvi, ev‡K¨i A_©wePvi, A‡_©i wewfbœ cÖKvi‡f`| †hgb- g~L v̈_©, †M․Yv_©, wecixZv_© BZ¨vẁ A_©Z‡Ë¡i Av‡jvP¨ welq| (O) Q›`-cÖKiY : G Z‡Ë¡ Q‡›`i cÖKvi I wbqgmg~n Av‡jvwPZ nq| (P) AjsKvi cÖKiY : G Z‡Ë¡ AjsKv‡ii msÁv I cÖKvi BZ¨vw` Av‡jvwPZ nq| evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi Av‡jvPbvq e¨eüZ KwZcq cvwifvwlK kã: evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ cwЇZiv KwZcq cvwifvwlK kã e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| G ai‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq wKQz cvwifvwlK k‡ãi cwiPq wb‡¤œ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jv: cÖvwZcẁ K: wefw³nxb bvg kã‡K cÖvwZcẁ K e‡j| †hgb- nvZ, eB, Kjg BZ v̈ẁ | mvwaZ kã: ‡g․wjK kã e¨ZxZ Ab¨ me kã‡KB mvwaZ kã e‡j| h_v- nvZv, Miwgj, `¤úwZ BZ¨vw`| mvwaZ kã ỳB cÖKvi: bvg kã I wµqv| cÖ‡Z¨KwU ev bvgk‡ãi I wµqvi `ywU Ask _v‡K| cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q| cÖK…wZ: †h kã‡K ev †Kv‡bv k‡ãi †h Ask‡K Avi †Kv‡bv ÿz`ªZi As‡k fvM Kiv hvq bv, Zv‡K cÖK…wZ e‡j| cÖK…wZ `yB cÖKvi: bvg cÖK…wZ I wµqv cÖK…wZ ev avZz| bvg cÖK…wZ: nvZj, dz‡ji, gyLi- G k㸇jv we‡kølY Ki‡j Avgiv cvB - nvZ + j = nvZj (evuUv), dzj + Gj = dz‡jj (dzjRvZ) Ges gyL + i = gyLi (evPvj)| GLv‡b nvZ, dzj I gyL k㸇jv‡K ejv nq cÖK…wZ ev g~j Ask| G¸‡jvi bvg cÖK…wZ| wµqv cÖK…wZ: Avevi PjšÍ, Rgv I wjwLZ - G k㸇jv we‡kølY Ki‡j Avgiv cvB, Pj& + AšÍ = PjšÍ (Pjgvb), Rg& + Av = Rgv (mwÂZ) Ges wjL& + BZ = wjwLZ (hv †jLv n‡q‡Q)| GLv‡b Pj& , Rg& I wjL& - G wZbwU wµqvg~j ev wµqvi g~j Ask| G¸‡jv‡K ejv nq wµqv cÖK…wZ ev avZz| cÖZ¨q: kã MV‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ bvg cÖK…wZi Ges wµqv cÖK…wZi c‡i †h kãvsk hy³ nq Zv‡K cÖZ¨q e‡j| K‡qKwU k‡ãi cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| bvg cÖK…wZ cÖZ¨q cÖZ¨qvšÍ kã nvZ dzj gyL + j + Gj + i nvZj dz‡jj gyLi wµqv cÖK…wZ cÖZ¨q cÖZ¨qvšÍ kã Pj& Rg& + AšÍ + Av PjšÍ Rgv evsjv kã MV‡b `yB cÖKvi cÖZ¨q cvIqv hvq: 1. Zw×Z cÖZ¨q I 2. K…r cÖZ¨q| 1. Zw×Z cÖZ¨q: kãg~j ev bvg cÖK…wZi m‡½ †h cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡q bZzb kã •Zwi nq, Zv‡K e‡j Zw×Z cÖZ¨q| †hgb- nvZj, dz‡jj I gyLi k‡ãi h_vµ‡g j, Gj Ges i Zw×Z cÖZ¨q| 2. K…r cÖZ¨q: avZz ev wµqv cÖK…wZi mv‡_ †h cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡q bZzb kã •Zwi nq, Zv‡K e‡j K…r cÖZ¨q| D`vni‡Y PjšÍ, Rgv I wjwLZ k‡ãi h_vµ‡g AšÍ, Av Ges BZ K…r cÖZ¨q| Zw×Z cÖZ¨q mvwaZ kã‡K ejv nq Zw×ZvšÍ kã Ges K…r cÖZ¨q mvwaZ kã‡K ejv nq K…`šÍ kã| †hgb- nvZj, dz‡jj I gyLi Zw×ZvšÍ kã Ges PjšÍ, Rgv I wjwLZ K…`šÍ kã| DcmM©: kã ev avZzi c~‡e© KwZcq mywbw ©̀ó Ae¨q RvZxq kãvsk hy³ n‡q mvwaZ k‡ãi A‡_©i cwieZ©b, m¤úªmviY I ms‡KvPb NwU‡q _v‡K| G¸‡jv‡K ejv nq DcmM©| evsjv fvlvq e¨eüZ DcmM©¸‡jvi wbR¯̂ †Kv‡bv A_© bv _vK‡jI kã ev avZzi c~‡e© e¨eüZ n‡jB A_©evPKZv m~wPZ nq| †hgb- ÔcivÕ GKwU DcmM©, Gi wbR¯̂ †Kv‡bv A_© †bB| wKš‘ ÔRqÕ k‡ãi c~‡e© hy³ n‡q n‡jv ÔcivRqÕ| GwU R‡qi wecixZv_©K| †mBiƒc Ô`k©bÕ A_© †`Lv| Gi Av‡M ÔcÖÕ DcmM© hy³ n‡q n‡jv ÔcÖ`k©bÕ A_©vr mg¨Kiƒ‡c `k©b ev we‡klfv‡e †`Lv| evsjv fvlvq wZb cÖKv‡ii DcmM© †`Lv hvq: 1. ms¯‹…Z 2. evsjv 3. we‡`wk DcmM©| 1. ms ‹̄…Z DcmM©: cÖ, civ, Ac- Giƒc wekwU ms ‹̄…Z ev Zrmg DcmM© i‡q‡Q| Zrmg DcmM© Zrmg kã ev avZzi c~‡e© e¨eüZ nq| †hgb, Ôc~Y©Õ GKwU Zrmg kã| ÔcwiÕ DcmM©‡hv‡M nq Ôcwic~Y©| ü (ni) + NT = ÔnviÕ- G K…`šÍ k‡ãi Av‡M DcmM© †hvM Ki‡j Kxiƒc A‡_©i cwieZ©b n‡jv jÿ Ki: Av+nvi = Avnvi (LvIqv), we + nvi = wenvi (ågY), Dc + nvi = Dcnvi (cvwi‡ZvwlK), cwi + nvi = cwinvi (eR©b) BZ¨vw`| 2| evsjv DcmM©: A, Abv, ANv, AR, Av, Avi, wb BZ¨vw` Ae¨q RvZxq kãvsk evsjv DcmM©| LvuwU evsjv k‡ãi Av‡M G¸‡jv hy³ nq| †hgb - A + KvR = AKvR, Abv + wQwó (m„wó kãRvZ) = AbvwQwó BZ¨vw`| 3| we‡`wk DcmM©: wKQz we‡`wk kã ev kãvsk evsjv DcmM©iƒ‡c e¨eüZ n‡q A‡_©i •ewPΨ m„wó K‡i| we‡`wk DcmM© we‡`wk k‡ãi m‡½B e¨eüZ nq| h_v: †e‡nW, jvcvËv, MinvwRi BZ¨vw`| (c‡i DcmM© Aa¨v‡q G m¤̂‡Ü we Í̄vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q)| AbymM©: evsjv fvlvq Øviv, w`qv, KZ…©K †P‡q, †_‡K, Dc‡i, c‡i, cÖwZ, gv‡S, eB, e¨ZxZ, Aewa, †nZz, Rb¨, KviY, g‡Zv, Z‡e BZ¨vw` kã KL‡bv Ab¨ k‡ãi m‡½ hy³ bv n‡q ¯̂vaxbfv‡e c`iƒ‡c ev‡K¨ e¨eüZ nq; Avevi KL‡bv KL‡bv kãwefw³i b v̈q Ab¨ k‡ãi m‡½ cÖhy³ n‡q A_© ‣ewPΨ NwU‡q _v‡K| G¸‡jv‡K AbymM© ejv nq| †hgb- †Kej Avgvi Rb¨ †Zvgvi G ỳ‡f©vM| g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q †kvb, †kl ch©šÍ mevi Kv‡R Avm‡e| GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 26 NEXUS Publications Av‡jvPbv mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •be©̈ wËK 01. evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi cÖavb Av‡jvP¨ welq KqwU? [Gm.Gm.wm: Xv.†ev. 14, iv.†ev. 2000, Kz.†ev. 16, P.†ev. 12, wm.†ev. 07, 01, e.†ev. 17] K 2wU L 3wU M 4wU N 5wU 02. Y-Z¡ I l-Z¡ weavb evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡ki Av‡jvP¨ welq? [miKvwi wkÿK 2001] K iƒcZË¡ L evK¨ZË¡ M aŸwbZË¡ N A_©ZË¡ 03. wµqvg~j, wµqviKvj I cyiæl BZ¨vw` e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡ki Av‡jvP ̈ welq? [miKvwi gva ẅgK we` v̈jq mnKvix wkÿK 01] K aŸwbZË¡ L iƒcZË¡ M evK¨ZË¡ N c`åg 04. †Kvb kãwU e¨vKi‡Yi Av‡jvP¨m~Px‡Z c‡o bv? (iv:we:-Law 11-12) K gb Í̄Ë¡ L aŸwbZË¡ M iƒcZË¡ N A_©ZË¡ 05. e¨vKi‡Yi D”PZi ch©v‡q Av‡jvwPZ nq †KvbwU? [gnv wnmve wbixÿK I wbqš¿‡Ki AwWUi 11] K evK¨ZË¡ L aŸwbZË¡ M kãZË¡ N A_©ZË¡ . DËi cÎ . 1. M 2. M 3. L 4. K 5. N wewmGm cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 01. evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g e¨vKiY iPbv K‡ib †K? [29 Zg wewmGm] R K Aÿq `Ë L gvk©g¨vb M eªvwm n¨vj‡nW N ivRv ivg‡gvnb 02. evsjv fvlvq cÖ_g e¨vKiY iPbv K‡ib †K? [29Zg wewmGm; cÖevmx Kj¨vY I •e‡ ẁkK K©ms ’̄vb gš¿Yvj‡qi Rbkw³ Kg©ms ’̄vb I cÖwkÿY ey¨‡ivi Dc-cwiPvjK 2007] S K Aÿq `Ë L gvk©g¨vb M eªvwm n¨vj‡nW N ivRv ivg‡gvnb 03. ‘The Origin and Development of Bengali Language’ MÖš’wU iPbv K‡i‡Qb Ñ [33Zg wewmGm] Q K W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn& L W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq M nicÖmv` kv¯¿x N m¨vi RR© wMÖqvimb 04. †KvbwU gynv¤§` Gbvgyj n‡Ki iPbv? [29 Zg wewmGm] R K fvlvi BwZe„Ë L AvaywbK fvlvZË¡ M gbxlvÑgÄylv N AvÂwjK fvlvi Awfavb 05. Ôev½vjv fvlvi BwZe„ËÕ Kvi iPbv? [28Zg wewmGm; mnKvix Dc‡Rjv/ _vbv wkÿv Awdmvi ( gyw³‡hv×v I ÿz`ª b„‡Mvôx) 2015] P K gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn& L gyn¤§` Ave ỳj nvB M gybxi †P․ayix N †Zvdv¾j nvq`vi †P․ayix 06. W. gyn¤§` knx` yjøvn&i evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnvm MÖ‡š’i bvg Ñ [26Zg wewmGm] Q K e½fvlv I mvwnZ¨ L evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i K_v M ev½vjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnvm N evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZe„Ë 07. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g BwZnvm MÖš’ †K iPbv K‡ib? [25Zg wewmGm] P K myKzgvi †mb L `x‡bkP›`ª †mb M gyn¤§̀ knx̀ yjøvn& N AwmZKzgvi e‡›̀ v̈cva v̈q 08. evsjv GKv‡Wwgi ÔAvÂwjK AwfavbÕ m¤úv`bv †K K‡ib? [28 Zg wewmGm] P K gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn& L gyn¤§` Gbvgyj nK M gyn¤§` gbmyi DwÏb N gyn¤§` Ave ỳj nvB 09. Ôevsjv GKv‡Wwg mswÿß evsjv AwfavbÕ Ñ Gi m¤úv`K †K? [22 Zg wewmGm] S K gyn¤§` Avãyj nvB L gyn¤§` kwn ỳjøvn M gynv¤§` Gbvgyj nK N Avng` kixd 10. Ôfvlv cÖKvk ev½vjv e¨vKiYÕ †K iPbv K‡ib? [22 Zg wewmGm; 10Zg †emiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv (̄ ‹zj/ mgch©vq)Ñ 14; cÖvKÑcÖv_wgK mnKvix wkÿK (17 †Rjv) 28 A‡±vei 2015; AvenvIqv Awa`߇ii mnKvix AvenvIqvwe` 2004] Q K Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi L mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq M gyn¤§` kwn`yjøvn& N gyn¤§` Gbvgyj nK 11. W. gyn¤§` knx` yjøvn& wQ‡jb cÖavbZ Ñ [12 Zg wewmGm] P K fvlvZË¡we` L mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnvm iPwqZv M Bmjvg cÖPviK N mgvR ms¯‥viK 12. †K me©cÖ_g evsjv UvBc mn‡hv‡M evsjv e¨vKiY gy`ªY K‡ib? [26Zg wewmGm] S K m¨vi DBwiqvg †Rvbm& L m¨vi DBwjqvg †Kwi M ivRxe †jvPb gy‡Lvcva¨vq N eªvwm n¨vj‡nW 13. wefw³nxb bvg kã‡K Kx ejv nq? [39 Zg I 18Zg wewmGm; Xv.†ev. 06, 13, 96, 93, iv.†ev. 96, h.†ev. 11, 17, 03, 01, 96, Ky.‡ev-11, 02, 93, P.†ev. 12, 10, 18, wm.†ev. 08, 14, e.†ev. 11, 09, 07, 04, 02, ẁ .†ev. 11, 09] R K AvbycvwZK L Avbylw½K M cÖvwZcw`K N cÖZ¨qvwšÍK wcGmwm I Ab¨vb¨ miKvwi cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 01. cÖ_g †Kvb evOvwj evsjv fvlvi e¨vKiY iPbv K‡ib? [mnKvix ivR¯̂ Kg©KZ©v (gyw³‡hv×v I ÿz`ª b„- †Mvôx) 2015; ivwe: K 2017-18] P K ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq L mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq M W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn& N W. Gbvgyj nK 02. e¨vKiY fvlv‡K Kx wb‡`©k K‡i? [mnKvwi ivR¯^ Kg©KZ©v 2015] S K fvlv‡K Pj‡Z L fvlv‡K kvmb Ki‡Z M fvlv‡K ej‡Z N fvlv‡K eY©bv Ki‡Z 03. evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi aŸwbZË¡ As‡k †Kvb welqwU Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq? [ 12 Zg cÖfvlK wbeÜb 2015] P K mwÜ L mgvm M KviK N cÖZ¨q 04. e¨vKiY kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q? [10g †emiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv (̄ ‹zj/ mgch©vq) 14] R K be¨ fviZxq Avh©fvlv L dviwm M ms¯‥…Z N Acmxgv 05. Bs‡iwR e¨vKi‡Yi Adverb †K evsjv e¨vKi‡Y e‡jÑ [8g we‡RGm (mnKvix RR) 2013] Q K bvg we‡klY L fve we‡klY M mgy”Pqx Ae¨q N bvgc` 06. evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g evsjv e¨vKiY iPbv K‡ibÑ [A_© gš¿Yvj‡qi Aaxb mnKvix cwiPvjK 09] P K g¨vby‡qj `¨ Avmmy¤úmuvI L W.mybxwZKzgvi M W. myKzgvi †mb N W. gyn¤§` kwn ỳjøvn 07. ‡KvbwU wVK? [kªg I Kg©ms̄ ’vb gš¿Yvj‡qi kªg cwì ߇ii mnKvix kªg cwiPvjK 06] P K e¨vKiY fvlvi AbyMvgx L fvlv e¨vKi‡Yi AbyMvgx M e¨vKiY wkÿvi AbyMvgx N e v̈KiY kãh‡š¿i AbyMvgx 08. e¨vKiY gÄyixÕ Kvi †jLv? [ciivóª gš¿Yvj‡q e¨w³MZ Kg©KZ©v 06] Q K W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn L W. gyn¤§` Gbvgyj nK M W. mybxwZ Kzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq N gyn¤§` Avãyj nvB weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœmg~n GKz‡k evsjv e¨vKiY cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq evsjv cÖ¯‘wZi me©‡kÖô msKjb 27 NEXUS Publications 09. e¨vKiY k‡ãi mwVK A_© †KvbwU? [AvBb wePvi I msm`welK gš¿Yvj‡qi mnKvix mwPe 05] R K aŸwbZ‡Ë¡i we‡kølY L iƒcZ‡Ë¡i we‡kølY M we‡klfv‡e we‡kølY N evK¨Z‡Ë¡i we‡kølY 10. e¨vKi‡Yi cÖavb KvR n‡”QÑ [cwiKíbv gš¿Yvj‡qi WvUv cÖ‡mwms Acv‡iUi 02]R K fvlvi wbqg cÖwZôv L fvlvi k„sLjv M fvlvi we‡kølY N fvlvi DbœwZ 11. Ôwhwb fv‡jv e¨vKiY Rv‡bbÕ wZwb n‡jbÑ [we‡RGm (mnKvix RR) 07] R K •eqvKiwYK L e¨vKiYwe` M •eqvKiY N e¨vKiY we‡klÁ 12. Ô†MŠoxq e¨vKiYÕ iPbv K‡i‡QbÑ [mnKvix Dc‡Rjv/_vbv wkÿv Awdmvi (GwUBI) 2010] S K Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi L ivgivg emy M ivgbvivqY ZK©iZœ N ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq 13. evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi wbqg Abymv‡i †Kvb c` Qvov evK¨ MVb Kiv hvq bv? [mnKvix Dc‡Rjv/_vbv wkÿv Awdmvi (GwUBI) 2009] R K we‡kl¨ c` L we‡klY c` M wµqv c` N me©bvg c` 14. ev½vjv fvlvq e¨vKiY ‡K wj‡Lb? [kÖg Awa`߇i Awdmvi cixÿv-94] Q K myKzgvi †mb L mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq M Ck̂iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi N ‡WwfW †nqvi 15. evMaviv e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡k Av‡jvwPZ nq? [cÖvK-cÖv_wgK mnKvix wkÿK cixÿv-15; wkÿv cwi`k©K (gva¨wgK I D”P gva¨wgK †evW©) cixÿv- 04] S K fvlvZ‡Ë¡ L iƒcZ‡Ë¡ M aŸwbZ‡Ë¡ N evK¨Z‡Ë¡ 16. mwÜ e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡k Av‡jvwPZ nq? [18Zg wewmGm cixÿv; cwi`k©K (RvZxq ivR¯̂ †evW©) cixÿv- 10; mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (GjwRBwW) cixÿv- 05] Q K fvlvZ‡Ë¡ L aŸwbZ‡Ë¡ M iƒcZ‡Ë¡ N evK¨Z‡Ë¡ 17. KviK I mgvm e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡k Av‡jvwPZ nq? [kÖg gš¿Yvjq †iwRóvi cixÿv- 2000; evsjv‡`k WvK wefvM (†g‡UªvcwjUb mv‡K©j) wb‡qvM cixÿv- 2016] P K iƒcZ‡Ë¡ L evK¨Z‡Ë¡ M fvlvZ‡Ë¡ N aŸwbZ‡Ë¡ 18. ePb, wj½, cyiæl BZ¨vw` Av‡jvwPZ nq-? [D”Pgvb mnKvix/wnmveiÿK (RvZxq mÂq cwi`ßi) cixÿv- 2010] P K iƒcZ‡Ë¡ L aŸwbZ‡Ë¡ M ¯̂ie‡Y© N e¨Äb e‡Y© 19. wb‡Pi †KvbwU evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi kvLv bq? [Lv`¨ cwi`k©K/Dc-Lv`¨ cwi`k©K cixÿv- 11] Q K aŸwbZË¡ L f‚ZË¡ M iƒcZË¡ N evK¨ZË¡ e¨vsK wb‡qvM cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 01. cvwYwb †K wQ‡jb? [11Zg †emiKvwi wkÿK wbeÜb I cÖZ¨qb cixÿv (¯‹zj/ mgch©vq)Ñ 14; evsjv‡`k K…wl e¨vsK, wmwbqi Awdmvi 12; P:we:-A 13-14] R K fvlvwe` L F‡M¦`we` M •eqvKiYwe` N AvL¨vbwe` 02. e¨vKiY fvlv‡K Kx wb‡ ©̀k K‡i? [evsjv‡`k †Zj, M¨vm, Ges wgbv‡ij K‡c©v‡ikb (†c‡Uªvevsjv), 2011; RvZxq msm` mwPevj‡qi mnKvix cwiPvjK 2006] S K e¨vKiY fvlv‡K Pwj‡Z L e¨vKiY fvlv‡K kvmb Kwi‡Z M e¨vKiY fvlv‡K ewj‡Z N e v̈KiY fvlv‡K eY©bv K‡i wek^we`¨vjq fwZ© cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 1. evsjvq †jLv evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g e¨vKiY MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib- (iv.we-2018-2019) Q K DBwjqvg †Kwi L Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi M Gb we n¨vj‡nW N mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq 2. e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡k KviK wb‡q Av‡jvPbv nq? (Ly.we-18-19) S K A_©Z‡Ë¡ L aŸwbZ‡Ë¡ M evK¨Z‡Ë¡ N iƒcZ‡Ë¡ 3. cÖ‡Z¨K fvlvi †gŠwjK Ask KqwU? (iv.we-2018-2019) Q K 3wU L 4wU M 5wU N 2wU 4. iƒcZ‡Ë¡i Aci bvg wK? (iv.we-2018-2019) R K aŸwbZË¡ L evK¨ZË¡ M kãZË¡ N c`µg 5. ÒcÖZ¨q I mgvmÓ e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡k Av‡jvwPZ nq? (h.cÖ.we-16-17) R K evK¨ZË¡ L aŸwbZË¡ M kãZË¡ N fvlvZË¡ (O) A_©ZË¡ 6. Ô†MŠoxq e¨vKiY'-Kvi †jLv? (iv: we:-F 2018-19) R K kÖx Ck¦iP›`ª k¤§©v L Aÿq Kzgvi `Ë M ivg‡gvnb ivq N kPx›`ªbv_ †mb¸ß 7. me©cÖ_g †Kvb fvlvq evsjv e¨vKiY †jLv nq?(B: we:-L 14-15; h.cÖ.we-16-17) Q K evsjv L cZz©wMR M dvwm© N Bs‡iwR 8. mwÜ, YZ¡-weavb, lZ¡-weavb e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡ki Av‡jvP¨? (B: we:-L14-15) P K aŸwbZË¡ L iƒcvZË¡ M evK¨ZË¡ N A_©ZË¡ 9. ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq iwPZ Ô†MŠoxq e¨vKiYÕ cÖKvwkZ nq- (B: we:-M 14-15) Q K 1778 mv‡j L 1833 mv‡j M 1883 mv‡j N 1826 mv‡j 10. evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g e v̈KiY I Awfavb iPbv K‡i- (B: we:-H 14-15) P K cZz©wMRiv L †Wwbkiv M †¯úwbkiv N weªwUkiv 11. Ôe¨vKiYÕ k‡ãi we‡køwlZ iƒc †KvbwU? (R: we:-2014-2015) R K we + Av + K… + Ac L ex + Av + Ab M we + Av + K… + Ab N we + Av + K… + Ab&P 12. 'Origin and Development of Bengali Language' Gi †jLK  (P:we:-A 2013-2014) Q K gyn¤§` Ave ỳj nvB L Wt mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq M Wt gyn¤§` knx ỳjøvn N Wt `x‡bk P› ª̀ †mb (O) Wt myKzgvi †mb 13. cÖ_g evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi bvg Kx? (wÎ:we:-A 2013-2014) P K †M․oxq e¨vKiY L evsjv fvlv I e¨vKiY M e¨vKi‡Yi weavb N e¨vKiY gÄix 14. ‡Kvb `vk©wbK-wePvig~jK e¨vKiY‡K e¨vKi‡Yi GKwU †kÖwY e‡j g‡b K‡ib? (iv.we: 2009-2010) R K W: gyn¤§` Gbvgyj nK L W: gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn M W: mybxwZ Kzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq N Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi Gm.Gm.wm †evW© cixÿvi cÖkœ I mgvavb 1. evsjv e¨vKiY cÖ_g iPbv K‡ib †K? [Xv.†ev. 18, Kz.†ev. 07] S K DBwjqvg †Kix L W. gyn¤§` kwn ỳjøvn M W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq N gby‡qj `¨ Avmmy¤ú muvI 2. evsjv e¨vKiY (evsjv fvlvq) MÖš’ cÖ_g †Kvb evOvwj iPbv K‡ib? [Xv.†ev. 14] S K ivgivg emy L ivgbvivqY ZK©iZœ M Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi N ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq