IV Therapy Final Exam Study Guide Questions with Solutions Latest Update 2023-2024., Exams of Nursing

Download IV Therapy Final Exam Study Guide Questions with Solutions Latest Update 2023-2024. and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! BH INTRAVENOUS THERAPY for NURSES IV Therapy Final Exam IV Therapy Final Exam Study Guide Questions with Solutions Latest Update 2023-2024. According to the Centers for Disease Control, IV sites should be rotated every: - Answer: 48 to 72 Before equipment setup and venipuncture, _________ seconds of hand washing with an antimicrobial soap are recommended. - Answer: 15 to 30 What are the advantages to Over-the-Needle catheters? - Answer: - easy to insert - stays patent longer - catheter tip tapered to prevent peel-back - radiopaque feature makes x-ray detection easy - infiltration rare - winged cannula easy to tape - stable: allows for greater patient mobility What are the disadvantages to over-the-needle catheters? - Answer: - depending on the hub, sometimes difficult to secure with tape - long inflexible stylet increases risk of accidental puncture; pressure marks from hub - some catheters drag through the skin on insertion - increased risk of phlebitis IV Therapy Final Exam - Isolyte E (MES) - 10% Dextran and 0.9% NaCl (Specialty solution) What are some examples of a Hypertonic solution? - Answer: - 10% D/W - 20% D/W - 50% D/W - 70% D/W - 3% NaCl - 5% NaCl - 5% D and 0.9% NaCl - 5% D and 0.45% NaCl - 1/6 M Sodium lactate Total parenteral nutrition is hypertonic. What is the percentage of dextrose in the solution? - Answer: 50% dextrose What are some examples of hypotonic solutions? - Answer: - 2.5% D/W - 0.2% NaCl (1/4 strength) - 0.45% NaCl (1/2 strength) - 2.5% D and 0.45% NaCl Why may a patient need to have a central venous catheter? - Answer: for the administration of TPN What puts patients at risk for the development of phlebitis? - Answer: - infusate IV Therapy Final Exam - catheter size - catheter material - insertion technique (most common complication of over the needle catheters today) When performing venipuncture, the nurse may feel a "pop" as he/she enters the: - Answer: tunica adventitia A patient state that his IV site is sore. You assess the site and note redness and swelling but no signs of palpable cord or streak. It would be staged as a: - Answer: 1+ A patient ring the call light and states that the IV insertion site is painful. The site is reddened, warm and swollen. The nurse assesses that the patient is most likely experiencing: - Answer: phlebitis When checking the physician's orders prior to initiating cannulations, which of the following should not be included? - Answer: location of IV site As a nurse, what do you need to check for in the Drs. orders prior to initiating IV therapy? - Answer: - solution - additive - dosage - volume - rate IV Therapy Final Exam - frequency - route When performing venipuncture, a nurse should: - Answer: lightly tap the vein after having the patient make a fist several times What are the methods for vein dilation prior to venipuncture? - Answer: - gravity - fist clenching - tapping - warm compresses - blood pressure cuff - tourniquet When applying a tourniquet, the nurse should apply it so that: - Answer: venous circulation is suppressed distal to the tourniquet When using a tourniquet to facilitate vein distention, the nurse knows to apply the tourniquet _____ inches above the insertion site. - Answer: 6 to 8 Where do you place a tourniquet on a hypertensive patient? - Answer: You would place it higher up When selecting tubing, which of the following is most appropriate when the solution must be infused very precisely or at a slow rate? - Answer: microdrip tubing IV Therapy Final Exam hypotension, and mental status changes. Which of the following should the nurse suspect? - Answer: air embolism What are the causes of thrombosis formation? - Answer: - blood backing up in the system of a hypertensive patient - location of the IV cannula - trauma to the wall of the vein by the cannula - low flow rate/obstruction of flow rate If the nurse suspects that her patient is developing a thrombosis, which of the following interventions should be made? - Answer: - discontinue the cannula and restart with a new catheter in a different site - apply a cold compress to the site to decrease the flow of blood - notify the physician and assess for circulatory impairment The first symptom of a venous vasospasm is: - Answer: sharp pain extending from the site of infusion Which of the following complications occurs when microorganisms migrate into the bloodstream? - Answer: septicemia Which systemic complication has a symptom of a mill wheel murmur? - Answer: air embolism IV Therapy Final Exam The recommended rate of infusion for one unit of packed red blood cells (PRBC) is no longer than: - Answer: 4 hours Whole blood is indicated for: - Answer: acute massive blood loss The nurse must check all of the following with another nurse before initiating transfusion: - Answer: - blood type - patient name - unit number of blood - expiration date Pre-transfusion testing on the donor blood would include: - Answer: - ABO and RH group determination - serologic testing for syphilis - screening for unexpected antibodies An allergic transfusion reaction to blood is usually caused by: - Answer: antibodies against plasma proteins The term used for a patient having surgery who donates his own blood is called: - Answer: autologous When administering a blood transfusion, vital signs should be taken: - Answer: before the transfusion is started, 15 minutes after infusion started, every 30 minutes till completed and one hour after transfusion completed IV Therapy Final Exam Tubing used to administer Total Parenteral Nutrition should be changed at which frequency? - Answer: every 24 hours Which of the following statements concerning TPN are true? - Answer: - multi- vitamins cause the solution to be yellow in color - solutions must be prepared by the pharmacy - the IV tubing should be changed every twenty four hours - Blood glucose should be tested every 4-6 hours or per Drs. orders or facility protocol The LPN observes a patient receiving TPN for complications of this therapy, which include: - Answer: glucose intolerance A patient receiving TPN fluid therapy experiences an air embolism in the central line. The nurse should immediately turn the patient onto the: - Answer: left side and lower the head of the bed What are the complications resulting from receiving TPN? - Answer: - electrolyte imbalances - essential fatty acid deficiency - protein sensitivity Which of the following would be necessary for infusing TPN? Select all that apply. - Answer: - filter IV Therapy Final Exam What are crystalloids given for? - Answer: dehydration The nursing instructor is discussing the different types of IV fluids with the nursing students. What type of fluid would the instructor tell the students is used to replace circulating blood? - Answer: colloid solution What are the crystalloid solutions: - Answer: - D/W - NaCl - multiple electrolytes - D/NaCl What are the colloid solutions: - Answer: - 10% mannitol - 20% mannitol - NaHCO3 Which of the following can a licensed practical nurse do? Select all that apply. - Answer: - performing calculations and adjusting flow rates - initiating and discontinuing the administration of IV fluids given via a peripheral route - changing site dressings and tubing to peripheral lines according to facility policy - administration of IV investigational drugs IV Therapy Final Exam According to the Louisiana State Board of Practical Nurse Examiners, an LPN can do the following IV skills. Select all that apply. - Answer: - initiate and maintain IV therapy and administer IV medications by IVPB - hang blood and blood products - hang and monitor TPN infusions - give medications per IV push Verbal orders should be written in the medical record and signed by the physician within: - Answer: 24 hours If the patient doesn't know if they are allergic to iodine prep, what can you ask them instead that they are allergic to? - Answer: seafood Which of the following assessments best indicates a client's readiness for IV therapy? - Answer: informed verbal consent Who provides the guidelines for the management of intravascular catheters? - Answer: Centers for Disease Control (CDC) True or False: In reference to IV Therapy, most malpractice is common law and not administrative law. - Answer: true Coercion of a rational adult client to insert a cannula is considered which of the following? - Answer: assault and battery IV Therapy Final Exam After insertion of a __________, a chest x-ray is taken to confirm catheter placement and to rule out an accidental puncture of the pleural membrane. - Answer: central catheter What do you need to use when you identify a patient? - Answer: 2 identifiers (name, DOB, wristband, etc.) If the IV tubing drops onto the floor, what do you need to do next? - Answer: you pick it up, and you go and get a new one. Can you reuse the same cathlon for another patient or if you have to stick the patient again? - Answer: no, get a brand new one When you need to remove body hair to start an IV, do you use scissors or a razor? - Answer: scissors because razors increase risk for bacteria this is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the lungs; fluid leaks through the capillary wall and fills the interstitial and alveoli - Answer: pulmonary edema What are the signs and symptoms of pulmonary edema? - Answer: - restlessness - slow increase in pulse rate - headache - shortness of breath - cough - flushing