Judaism - General Law - Lecture Slides, Slides of Law

Download Judaism - General Law - Lecture Slides and more Slides Law in PDF only on Docsity! Judaism Docsity.com The Beginning • In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form, and void; and darkness was on the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters. Then God said, “Let there be light”; and there was light. And God saw the light, that it was good; and God divided the light from the darkness. God called the light Day, and the darkness He called Night. So the evening and the morning were the first day. Docsity.com At the end of this unit you should be able to……… • Identify the origins and beliefs of Judaism. • Identify those who have contributed to the Jewish faith, such as Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Maimonides and Judah the Prince. • Describe Jewish worship, beliefs, practices, rituals, symbols and festivals. • Describe the sacred writings of Judaism • Understand how Jews are represented in Canada. Docsity.com JORDAN Docsity.com  Arabia Tat beh ast = eae et Tete Revert Shaina Docsity.com  Some time later God tested Abraham. He said to him, "Abraham!" "Here I am," he replied. Then God said, "Take your son, your only son, Isaac, whom you love, and go to the region of Moriah. Sacrifice him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains I will tell you about." Docsity.com • From this two ideas emerged that would develop into Judaism. 1. The Jews represented God’s chosen people. God chose Abraham and promised to make all of his descendants God’s chosen people. 2. The idea of a promised land was established. It was Abraham, his son Isaac and his grandson Jacob, that sought to keep the covenant with God and develop a community in the promised land. A covenant is a solemn and binding agreement. The covenant between God and Abraham is the key to the Jewish faith. Docsity.com Moses and The Covenant • The Hebrews had been enslaved by the Egyptians and they longed for liberty. Moses was raised in the Pharaoh’s court but fled when he had killed an Egyptian. • Many years latter, while looking after his flock, he encountered a burning bush that was not being consumed by the flames. God’s voice came from the bush and ordered Moses to set the Hebrews free and bring them to the promised land. • Through Moses God brought ten plagues on the Egyptians until Pharaoh finally agreed to let the Hebrews go. • As the Hebrews, led by Moses, came to the Red Sea, Moses parted the sea so that they could cross. Pharaoh had changed his mind and sent his army to stop the Hebrews. As they came through the part of the Red Sea, Moses returned the sea to normal and Pharaoh’s army drowned. Docsity.com © Original Artist Re Brod uctian rights obtainable fram rN CartoonStock. com Mosts IN -THE GENTS Docsity.com • This event is referred to as the Exodus. • God appeared to Moses again on Mount Sinai, sharing with him the Ten commandants. • Moses sinned with pride and died before he could see the promised land. • The Hebrews continued on their journey and settled the area around where present day Israel is located today. Docsity.com Judges, Kings and Prophets • After 40 years of wandering in the desert, the Israelites arrived in Canaan. This marked the beginning of the Biblical period of Judges and Kings. • At first the Israelites were led by people referred to as Judges. They were like tribal leaders or chiefs who led the people through periods of crisis. • Around 1000BCE, the period of Kings began, starting with Saul, then David (established Jerusalem as the capital), and finally Solomon (built the temple). His death ended the era of Kings. • Around 921 BCE the kingdom divided into Israel in the North and Judah in the South. • The Prophets predicted the end of this era. A Prophet refers to one who speaks on behalf of god or one who predicts the future. In Jewish tradition a prophet is one who receives a message from God and delivers that message to God’s people. Docsity.com ea 2 Oo Majorcity ". Other city © Major Jewish Cultural Center GX Dense Jewish Settlement  Jewish dispersal after 127901 -~- the 2nd century Area of Jewish __- Th ~~. 4 1 A o0 iy settlement s » th after 1150 ! ae “ 129410 a sh ker enazi | | === migrations a, ) "Ar _-¥ | 250. “ i" 1492; expulsions I f * ‘ a mes - Areas receiving 3 i4a2|* * 4 —" ean % ne Spanish Jews r 5 * : Sephardi | Ps i os 4 oo L Tee ! a, NT, RE RE RE RE cos, Athens Babylon 4 * 11492 “oe Alexandria * Jerusalem The Jewish diaspora dew. Revolts AD 70 to 1497 AD 70 + 122 BL \to: History The Maccabean Revolt • In 168 BCE the Jewish temple was converted into a shrine for the Greek god Zeus! • A group of rebels called the Maccabees, started a revolt. By 164 they were back in control of Jerusalem and the temple was rededicated to God. The Maccabees would rule until the Roman conquest. • The Jews celebrate the Maccabean revolt each year during Hanukkah. Docsity.com Docsity.com Docsity.com Docsity.com Jewish Beliefs • Centered on one God and the covenant. • A Jew is a person either born Jewish or converted. As long as one of a child’s parents is Jewish, the child is considered Jewish. • The process of conversion is called Gerut, where candidates must reveal knowledge of Judaism, confirm their Jewish beliefs, demonstrate a will to act ethically and show a connection with the Jewish people. • Jews believe that God is the creator of everything! Their belief can be summarized as follows: Docsity.com 1. Shema, the Jewish creed of faith. “ hear, O Israel, The Lord is our God, the Lord is one. 2. Five Fundamental Concepts – there is a God, there is only one God, God created the world but the world will not last forever, there is only one universe and god cares for the world and all its creatures. 3. Thirteen Articles of Faith – of the 13, 3 are considered absolute….there is one God, God is perfect unity, God is immaterial. Docsity.com • Further understanding of Jewish beliefs can be illustrated by their commitment to the covenant. This commitment can be summarized as follows: 1. Chosen people – God chose them but they also chose God. Some anti-Semitism (hostility and prejudice towards Jews) 2. Promised Land – God promised a land to his people, the Jews believe this to be Israel. 3. Messiah – Jews believe that God will send a great leader to the world to bring peace and harmony. 4. World to Come – The belief that God will provide a future time of peace and prosperity for the Jewish people. Docsity.com Docsity.com Solomon’s Temple Store Rooms Holy Place Approx 90 cubits (135 ft) Docsity.com • Yom Kippur – the most solemn religious day of the Jewish year, marked by fasting and prayers of repentance. • Rosh Hashanah – the Jewish New Year, September or early October. • Circumcision – occurs eight days after birth, performed by a Mohel, it is done during a ceremony called a Bris Mulah. A boy is named during this ceremony. • Shiva – seven-day period of mourning following the death of a person. • Bar Mitzvah – occurs when a boy turns 13 (Bat Mitzvah for girls) and is now considered an adult in the Jewish community. Docsity.com Anti-Semitism • Why did Jews become targets of hatred and prejudice……. 1. Lacking a homeland and living in scattered communities, Jews were always the outsiders. 2. Different religious customs and clothing styles made them seem strange, different and untrustworthy. 3. Blamed for the death of Christ. 4. Jews moved a lot and therefore did not have an opportunity to establish themselves in communities. 5. Jews were blamed for societal problems. 6. In the middle ages, Jews who lent money and charged interest were accused of being cheats and thieves. 7. As Jews became successful they were viewed with jealously and suspicion. Docsity.com Judaism In Canada • Judaism has a long history in Canada and thrives here today. • The first Synagogue was built in Montreal in 1768. • In June, 1939, Canada refused entry to an ocean liner called St. Louis, carrying Jewish refuges from Europe. Later half of the 907 passengers were killed by the Nazis. After the war, when Hitler’s atrocities became known, Canada accepted a huge post-war wave of Jewish immigrants. • Seven Canadian provinces have made Holocaust Remembrance day (held in April) an official day on the Provincial calendar. Docsity.com